In the normal course of our business, we are involved in legal proceedings. In the past, we have litigated to enforce our patents, to enforce the terms of license agreements, and to defend our patents against claims of invalidity. We expect to continue to be involved in similar legal proceedings in the future, including proceedings regarding infringement of our patents and proceedings to ensure proper and full payment of royalties by licensees under the terms of our license agreements. We cannot predict the outcome of any of the proceedings described below, other than to the extent such proceedings have concluded. An adverse decision in any of these proceedings could significantly harm our business and our consolidated financial position, results of operations, and cash flows. Patent Infringement Litigation In the ordinary course of our business, we engage in litigation to protect our IP from infringement. While litigation is never our preference, and we prefer to reach mutually agreeable commercial licensing arrangements with third parties, it is sometimes a necessary step to effectively protect our investment in our IP. As a result of these lawsuits, defendants have often filed inter partes review (“IPR”) petitions with the U.S. Patent Office’s Patent Trial and Appeal Board (and other similar post-grant proceedings outside of the U.S.) seeking to invalidate one or more of our patents. We are currently engaged in multiple lawsuits with several third parties. Videotron Patent Infringement Litigation On May 21, 2021, Adeia Guides Inc. (formerly known as Rovi Guides, Inc.) (“Adeia Guides”) filed a patent infringement complaint against Videotron Ltd. (“Videotron”) in Toronto, Canada, alleging infringement of four patents (the “Videotron Litigation”). The trial commenced on February 3, 2025. On October 24, 2025, the Federal Court of Canada issued a decision in the case and awarded Adeia Guides a permanent injunction, finding that Videotron’s Helix, illico+ and illico video platforms infringe an Adeia Guides patent. The Court also ruled that Videotron’s Helix video platform infringes an additional Adeia Guides patent and awarded Adeia Guides damages for both patents. Two other patents asserted in the case were found invalid. On November 24, 2025, Adeia Guides filed a Notice of Appeal with the Federal Court of Appeal of Canada appealing portions of the decision of the Federal Court of Canada. On December 4, 2025, Videotron filed a Notice of Cross-Appeal. No date has been set yet for a hearing on the appeal. Bell Patent Infringement Litigation On July 27, 2021, Adeia Guides and Adeia Media Holdings LLC (formerly known as TiVo LLC) (together, “Adeia Media”) filed a patent infringement complaint against Bell Canada and four of its affiliates, Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson, Ericsson Canada Inc., and MK Systems USA Inc. and MK Mediatech Canada Inc. (collectively, “Defendants”) in Toronto, Canada, alleging infringement of four patents (the “Bell Litigation”). On September 30, 2022, Defendants filed a motion for bifurcation, asking the Federal Court of Canada to bifurcate the case into two phases: a first phase related to liability and injunction and second phase addressing damages if liability is found. On February 15, 2023, the Court issued an order granting the motion for bifurcation in which the Court bifurcated the liability and injunction phase from the damages quantification phase of the case. The trial commenced on April 28, 2025. Closing arguments were held June 2-4, 2025. The matter is awaiting the Court’s decision. Shaw Breach of Contract Litigation On October 2, 2023, Adeia Guides Inc., Adeia Media Solutions Inc., and Adeia Media Holdings LLC (collectively, “Adeia Media”) filed a complaint against Shaw Cablesystems G.P. and Shaw Satellite G.P. (together “Shaw”) in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York, alleging breach of contract by Shaw for failure to pay royalties owed to Adeia Media under the license agreement between the parties. On October 8, 2024, Shaw filed a motion to dismiss the complaint. On September 29, 2025, the Court denied Shaw’s motion to dismiss Adeia Media Companies’ breach of contract claim and granted Shaw’s motion to dismiss the declaratory relief claim as duplicative. On October 14, 2025, Shaw filed its answer to the complaint. Discovery is ongoing and no trial date has been set. 37 Disney Patent Infringement Litigation During the fourth quarter of 2025, the Company entered into a settlement with The Walt Disney Company and its affiliates resolving the parties’ patent disputes, which were previously described in the Company’s quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ending March 31, 2026. As a result, the U.S., European and Brazilian patent infringement actions, related patent validity proceedings, and U.S. Patent Trial and Appeal Board inter partes review proceedings between the parties were all dismissed, withdrawn or otherwise terminated as of June 12, 2026. No proceedings remain pending. AMD Patent Infringement Litigation During the first quarter of 2026, the Company entered into a settlement with Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. (“AMD”) resolving the parties’ patent disputes, which were previously described in the Company’s quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ending March 31, 2026. As a result, on March 10, 2026, the related district court actions were dismissed with prejudice and on April 30, 2026, the International Trade Commission investigation was terminated. No proceedings remain pending. DIRECTV Litigation NDCA Declaratory Judgment Action On December 29, 2025, DIRECTV LLC (“DIRECTV”) filed a complaint against Adeia Inc., Adeia Guides Inc., Adeia Media Holdings LLC, Adeia Technologies Inc. and Adeia Media Solutions Inc. (collectively, “Adeia Media”) in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California seeking a declaratory judgment of noninfringement of seven Adeia Media patents and a declaratory judgment of invalidity of three Adeia Media patents (“NDCA DJ Action”). On March 13, 2026, Adeia Media filed a motion to dismiss the NDCA DJ Action. On June 18, 2026, the Court granted Adeia Media’s motion with leave to amend the complaint. The action remains pending. The trial date has not been set. SDNY Breach of Contract and Misappropriation of Trade Secrets Action On January 12, 2026, Adeia Media filed a complaint against DIRECTV in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York alleging breach of contract and misappropriation of trade secrets under the Defend Trade Secrets Act (“DTSA”). On January 15, 2026, Adeia Media filed a Motion for Preliminary Injunction (“PI Motion”), requesting that the Court order DIRECTV to withdraw the NDCA DJ Action and cease its misuse of Adeia Media’s confidential information. On July 2, 2026, the Court issued an order denying the PI Motion. On April 23, 2026, the Court granted DIRECTV’s request to file a motion to dismiss the DTSA claim. On June 4, 2026, DIRECTV filed a motion to dismiss the DTSA claim, and on July 16, 2026, Adeia filed its opposition. The trial date has not been set. CDCA Patent Infringement Litigation On July 2, 2026, Adeia Media Holdings Inc. and Adeia Technologies Inc. (collectively, “Adeia”) filed a complaint against DIRECTV, LLC in the United States District Court for the Central District of California alleging that DIRECTV infringes four patents. The trial date has not been set. DISH Litigation Colorado Patent Infringement Litigation Adeia Technologies Inc., Adeia Media Holdings Inc., and Adeia Media Solutions Inc. (collectively, “Adeia”) filed a complaint against DISH Network Corp., DISH Media Sales LLC, DISH DBS Corp., EchoStar Corp., Sling TV LLC, and Sling TV Holding LLC (collectively, the “DISH Defendants”) in the United States District Court for the District of Colorado on April 1, 2026 (EDT), from and after which time the DISH Defendants were unlicensed to Adeia’s patents, alleging the DISH Defendants infringe five patents. The trial date has not been set. On June 30, 2026, certain DISH parties filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection. As a result, this case has been stayed automatically pending the completion of the bankruptcy proceedings. NDCA Declaratory Judgment Action DISH Network LLC and Sling TV LLC filed a complaint against Adeia Inc., Adeia Guides Inc., Adeia Media Holdings Inc., Adeia Technologies Inc., and Adeia Media Solutions Inc. (collectively, “Adeia Media”) in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California on April 1, 2026 seeking a declaratory judgment of noninfringement and/or invalidity of ten Adeia Media patents. The trial date has not been set. On June 30, 2026, certain DISH parties filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy 38 protection. On July 9, 2026, the Court issued an order staying this case pending the completion of the DISH bankruptcy proceedings. Fubo Litigation On July 1, 2026, Adeia Media Holdings Inc. (“Adeia”) filed a complaint against FuboTV Inc., Fubo Operations LLC, Fubo Services LLC, and FuboTV Media LLC (f/k/a FuboTV Media Inc.) (collectively, “Fubo”) in the United States District Court for the District of Delaware alleging infringement of four patents. The trial date has not been set. 39