In this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (Q2 2026 10-Q), including this Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (MD&A), "Celestica," the "Company," "we," "us," and "our" refer to Celestica Inc. and its subsidiaries. This MD&A should be read in conjunction with our June 30, 2026 unaudited interim financial statements (Q2 2026 Interim Financial Statements) and our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025 (2025 10-K), including our 2025 audited consolidated annual financial statements (2025 AFS) and related notes, which we prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP). Unless otherwise noted, all dollar amounts are expressed in United States (U.S.) dollars. The information in this MD&A is provided as of July 27, 2026 unless we indicate otherwise. As used herein, "Q1," "Q2," "Q3," and "Q4" followed by a year refers to the first quarter, second quarter, third quarter and fourth quarter of such year, respectively. The first half of 2026 is referred to herein as "1H 2026", and the first half of 2025 is referred to herein as "1H 2025." Certain statements contained in this Q2 2026 10-Q, including this MD&A constitute "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of Section 27A of the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended (U.S. Securities Act), and Section 21E of the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (U.S. Exchange Act), and "forward-looking information" within the meaning of applicable Canadian securities laws (collectively, forward-looking statements), including, without limitation, statements related to: our priorities, intended areas of focus, targets, objectives and goals; our capital investment plans and the funding therefor; developments related to new customer or program wins; timing of production ramps, anticipated economic conditions, industry and market trends and projections, underlying market growth rates, customer demand, prospects and opportunities; strategic initiatives; trends in our segments and/or their constituent businesses; the anticipated impact of current market conditions and customer-specific factors on each of our segments (and/or their constituent businesses) and near term expectations; potential restructuring and divestiture actions; our anticipated financial and/or operating results and outlook, including expected revenue increases and decreases (or remaining flat), as well as growth in certain segments, businesses and end markets; our strategies; our credit risk; the potential impact of acquisitions, or program wins, transfers, losses or disengagements; materials, component and supply chain constraints; anticipated expenses and other working capital requirements and contractual obligations (and intended methods of funding such items); the potential impact of trade policies between countries in which we conduct business (including the tariffs proposed and implemented by the U.S. government, and any reciprocal or retaliatory tariffs); the adoption, integration and use of artificial intelligence (AI) in manufacturing and service offerings and in certain of our internal processes; the impact of our price reductions and longer payment terms; our intended repatriation of certain undistributed earnings from non-Canadian subsidiaries; the potential impact of tax and litigation outcomes; investor dissatisfaction with inclusion, employee engagement, and other sustainability matters; our ability to use certain tax losses; planned investments in our business; the potential impact of the pace of technological changes (including with respect to AI technologies), customer outsourcing, program transfers, and the global economic environment; the intended method of funding common share (Common Share) repurchases; the impact of our outstanding indebtedness; liquidity and the sufficiency of our capital resources; our intention to settle outstanding share unit awards with Common Shares; our financial statement estimates and assumptions; recently issued accounting pronouncements and amendments; the potential adverse impacts of events outside of our control (including those described under "External factors that may impact our business" below); mandatory prepayments under our credit facility; pension plan funding requirements and obligations, and the impact of annuity purchases; our compliance with covenants under our credit facility; refinancing debt at maturity; interest rates and expense; income tax incentives; expectations with respect to reporting units with goodwill; our future warranty obligations; cybersecurity threats and incidents; our intentions with respect to environmental assessments for newly-leased or acquired properties; our expectations with respect to expiring leases; our intention to retain earnings for general corporate purposes; costs in connection with our pursuit of acquisitions and strategic transactions; and expectations regarding the acceptance of offers to sell accounts receivable (A/R) under our A/R sales programs and supplier financing programs. Such forward-looking statements may, without limitation, be preceded by, followed by, or include words such as "believes," "expects," "anticipates," "estimates," "intends," "plans," "continues," "projects," "target," "objective," "goal," "potential," "possible," "contemplate," "seek," or similar expressions, or may employ such future or conditional verbs as "may," "might," "will," "could," "should," or "would," or may otherwise be indicated as forward-looking statements by grammatical construction, phrasing or context. For those statements, we claim the protection of the safe harbor for forward-looking statements contained in the U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, where applicable, and applicable Canadian securities laws. Forward-looking statements contained in this Q2 2026 10-Q are based on various assumptions, many of which involve factors that are beyond our control. Our material assumptions include: growth in manufacturing outsourcing from customers in diversified markets; technology upgrade cycles; our ability to retain programs and customers, including no unexpected customer or program transfers, losses or disengagements; no unforeseen adverse changes in our mix of businesses; no undue negative impact on our customers' ability to compete and succeed using products we manufacture and services we 22 provide; continued strengthening of customer demand; accelerating growth from our customer base, including our CCS customer base; continued growth in our segments and end markets; our ability to successfully diversify our customer base and develop new capabilities; anticipated demand levels across our businesses, including continued growth in the demand from data center customers; continued advancement and commercialization of AI technologies and cloud computing; supporting sustained high levels of capital expenditure investments by leading hyperscaler, AI and data center customers; scaling of our operations to meet the anticipated growth in customer demand; capital investments proceeding as anticipated, including timely completion of construction and operationalization of assets, securing required materials, utilities, and equipment for our expansion plans; alignment of our capacity with our business demands; the successful recruitment and retention of skilled talent; no significant unforeseen negative impacts to our operations; no unforeseen materials price increases, margin pressures, or other competitive factors affecting the contract design and manufacturing industry in general or our segments in particular; compliance by third parties with their contractual obligations; no material changes to tariffs, trade restrictions, customs administration, or related refund or recovery processes, including developments relating to duties imposed under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act of 1977 and any replacement, continuing or retaliatory tariff measures compared to what are in effect as of July 27, 2026; that our customers will retain liability for and we will continue to be able to recover substantially all costs from customers relating to product/component tariffs and countermeasures; no material changes in business activities resulting from current macroeconomic trends and uncertainties, including evolving global tariffs, trade negotiations, and geopolitical conflicts; our ability to achieve our strategic goals; our ability to keep pace with rapidly changing technological developments; the successful resolution of quality issues that arise from time to time; fluctuation of production schedules from our customers in terms of volume and mix of products or services; the timing and execution of, and investments associated with, ramping new programs; programs and production ramps occurring and progressing as anticipated in line with expected timelines, specifications, qualification requirements and production schedules, customer decisions, design changes, silicon and component availability, qualification outcomes, deployment timelines and priorities, constraints affecting data center development, construction, equipping or operation, and other technical, commercial, regulatory or supply-chain factors, and our expected role in such programs, including our 800G and 1.6T networking, and AI/machine learning (ML) compute programs with data center customers; supplier performance and quality, pricing and terms; the costs and availability of components, materials, services, equipment, labor, energy and transportation; our ability to secure adequate component and materials supply; no significant decline in the global economy or in economic activity in our end markets due to a major recession, global trade tensions or otherwise; no unforeseen disruptions due to geopolitical factors (including war, tariffs and trade restrictions) causing significant negative impacts to economic activity, global or regional supply chains or normal business operations; that global inflation will not have a material impact on our revenues or expenses; the impact of anticipated market conditions on our businesses; the stability of currency exchange rates; the availability of cash generated from operations to fund planned capital investments; the availability of capital resources for, and the permissibility under our credit facility of, repurchases of outstanding Common Shares under our current normal course issuer bid (NCIB), and compliance with applicable laws and regulations pertaining to NCIBs; compliance with applicable credit facility covenants and the components of our leverage ratios (as defined in our credit facility); our maintenance of sufficient financial resources to fund currently anticipated financial actions and obligations and to pursue desirable business opportunities; global tax legislation changes; the timing, execution and effect of restructuring actions; and no unforeseen adverse changes in the regulatory environment. Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and the Company's actual results may differ significantly from the results discussed in the forward-looking statements. Achievement of anticipated results is subject to substantial risks, uncertainties and inaccurate assumptions. Should known or unknown risks or uncertainties materialize, or should underlying assumptions prove inaccurate, actual results could vary materially from past results and those anticipated, estimated or projected. You should bear this in mind as you consider forward-looking statements, and you are cautioned not to put undue reliance on forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date on which they are made, and we undertake no obligation to publicly update forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law or by the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). You are advised, however, to consult any further disclosures we make on related subjects. Factors that might cause such differences include, but are not limited to, those discussed in the Risk Factor Summary and in Part I, Item 1A of our 2025 10-K under the heading "Risk Factors," which are incorporated herein by reference, and subsequent Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and other documents filed with the SEC, and as applicable, the Canadian Securities Administrators. Overview Celestica's business: Celestica is a technology leader with deep expertise in design, engineering, manufacturing, supply chain and platform solutions. Celestica enables critical data center infrastructure for AI, cloud and hybrid cloud, and advances technologies in 23 high-growth markets. Our global headquarters is located in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. We operate a network of sites and design centers strategically located in North America, Asia, and Europe. We serve across two operating and reportable segments: Connectivity & Cloud Solutions (CCS) and Advanced Technology Solutions (ATS). Our CCS segment consists of our Communications and Enterprise end markets. Our ATS segment consists of our ATS end market, and is comprised of our Aerospace and Defense (A&D), Industrial, HealthTech, and Capital Equipment businesses. Additional information regarding our segments is included in note 3 to the Q2 2026 Interim Financial Statements and in note 21 to the 2025 AFS. Customers in our CCS segment include cloud based service providers, hyperscalers and other data center customers (including digital native companies), as well as hardware original equipment manufacturer (OEMs) and enterprise customers. Customers in our ATS segment include OEMs in a range of diversified markets that we serve. We offer a comprehensive range of products and services that cover the entire technology product lifecycle, including hardware design and development, new product introduction, engineering services, supply chain management and logistics, electronics manufacturing and assembly, complex mechanical assembly, precision machining, systems integration, testing, product licensing, software enablement solutions, and services, including asset management and disposition services. In recent periods, we have experienced an increasing shift in the mix of our programs towards cloud-based and other service providers, primarily hyperscalers, which are cyclically different from our traditional OEM customers, and currently experiencing a period of significant increases in product deployments to support their build-out of data center infrastructure, including to support AI applications. This demand growth has required our business to place a greater focus on various operational factors, including the management of our manufacturing capacity, human capital dedicated to these programs, supply chain, capital investments, and working capital requirements. Industry Overview: Celestica operates in the contract design and manufacturing industry and competes with a variety of providers from electronics manufacturing services (EMS) companies to original design manufacturers (ODMs). The EMS companies that Celestica competes with, typically manage global manufacturing and logistics networks that are capable of delivering customized solutions, and may offer, depending on the extent of their capabilities, end-to-end services covering the full product lifecycle, which can include assembly, supply chain management, testing, system integration, fulfillment and other services. ODMs offer a similar range of services, and also typically support the design and development of products they manufacture for their customers. See "Overview" in Item 7, Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (MD&A) of our 2025 10-K for additional detail of our business and business environment. External factors that may impact our business: External factors that could have a material and adverse impact on our industry and/or business include the long-term sustainability and growth of data center-related investments; technology changes (including AI-related technologies); energy, power, and water constraints in the data center infrastructure; supplier or customer financial difficulties; global economic and political tension (including increased tensions between the U.S. and other countries and between mainland China and Taiwan); geopolitical uncertainty and conflicts (including the Russia/Ukraine conflict and the conflicts in the Middle East area); government legislation, regulations, or policies (including with respect to tariffs and AI technology); fires and related disruptions; labor or social unrest, criminal activity, cybersecurity incidents, natural disasters and unusually adverse weather conditions (including those caused by climate- and weather-related risks). See Item 1A, Risk Factors of our 2025 10-K. These events could disrupt operations or the economics of one or more of our sites or those of our customers, component suppliers and/or our logistics partners and may materially negatively impact our operating results. Recent investments in AI infrastructure by hyperscalers and other data center customers have increased demand for certain products in our CCS segment, including our Hardware Platform Solutions (HPS) business. However, the long‑term trajectory of AI adoption and related data center deployment is uncertain and may be affected by a variety of factors outside our control, including rapid changes in technology and customer AI roadmaps; evolving regulatory developments (including export controls and other AI-related measures) that increase our customers’ costs or restrict their AI activities; constraints on specialized components and data center capacity; and the availability, timing, reliability and price of critical utilities. Adverse developments in any of these areas could cause our cloud-based and other service provider customers, including hyperscalers and OEM customers, to delay, reduce or cancel programs, which could adversely impact demand for our products and services, 24 as well as our revenue growth and operating results. See Item 1A, Risk Factors of our 2025 10-K "The future development and adoption of AI and the deployment of data center infrastructure are uncertain and depend on the availability and cost of critical inputs (including power and water), which could materially affect demand for our products and services and our operating results." The pace of technological changes (including AI-related technologies) and the frequency of customer outsourcing or transferring business among EMS and/or ODM competitors, may impact our business, results of operations and/or financial condition. Data center deployments, which have numerous, specific infrastructure requirements, have influenced our revenue variability and may continue to impact our future demand. Our capital investments may not proceed as anticipated, or we may encounter delays in the timely completion of construction and operationalization of new or expanded assets due to various reasons such as issues with securing required materials, equipment, utilities and labor in a timely manner. We may also experience delays or challenges related to utility, power availability, grid interconnection, supply chain constraints, and other infrastructure or regulatory requirements. Any of these factors could delay the realization of anticipated capacity, increase project costs, or result in assets that are not fully operational when expected. If demand, mix, yield or utilization differ from our expectations, or if customer roadmaps change, ramp milestones are delayed, or expected volumes do not materialize, added capacity may be underutilized and returns on these investments may be lower than expected, and our financial results could be adversely affected. See Item 1A, Risk Factors of our 2025 10-K "Increased capital expenditures to expand capacity to support anticipated growth in customer demand may not proceed as anticipated and may increase our fixed‑cost base, constrain liquidity and adversely affect returns" and Item 7, MD&A — "Liquidity and Capital Resources" of our 2025 10-K and "Liquidity and Capital Resources" below. Governmental actions related to international trade agreements have increased (and could further increase) the cost to our U.S. customers who use our non-U.S. manufacturing sites and components, and vice versa, which may materially and adversely impact demand for our services, our results of operations or our financial condition. Government-imposed restrictions on producing certain products in, or shipping them to, specific countries, or as the result of other similar actions by other countries or citizens affected by such changes in policies could negatively affect our operating results. We will continue to monitor the scope and duration of trade actions by the U.S. and other governments with respect to our business. See Item 1A, Risk Factors of our 2025 10-K "Our ability to successfully manage unexpected changes or risks inherent in our global operations and supply chain may adversely impact our financial performance." In 2025, the U.S. Administration imposed a series of tariffs on nearly all U.S. trading partners pursuant to the International Emergency Economic Powers Act of 1977 (IEEPA). In March 2026, the U.S. Court of International Trade issued an order directing U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) to process refunds of certain IEEPA tariffs. In April 2026, the CBP released a new system to process IEEPA tariff refunds, allowing importers to submit refund claims. We recognize tariff refunds when realization is assured. In Q2 2026 and 1H 2026, tariff refunds did not have a material impact on our results of operations. The global tariff landscape continues to evolve rapidly. Changes in policies by U.S. and other governments, including replacement or additional tariffs, trade restrictions, retaliatory measures or changes in refund eligibility by the U.S. or other governments could negatively affect our business, results of operations and financial condition. See Item 1A, Risk Factors of our 2025 10-K "U.S. policies or legislation could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition." Component shortages or other issues affecting timely access to materials (which often occur in our industry) may impact our ability to successfully complete a program. Factors that may cause or contribute to such component shortages or supply issues include: supplier or manufacturer delays or failures to provide components, supplies or equipment as required; quality or reliability issues at component providers; financial difficulties affecting suppliers' production and ability to supply components; and industry-wide shortages for certain electronic components. Such component shortages or supply issues could have a significant impact on our operations and on our customers, including: inability to deliver finished products in a timely manner; losses on fixed price contracts due to increased costs for equipment and supplies; having to source items from third parties on less favorable terms; halted or delayed production of a customer's product; claims against us for failure to meet required customer specifications; and carrying higher levels of inventory and extended lead-times. Shortages may also result in increased component prices, which may require price increases in the products and services that we provide. Any increase in our costs that we are unable to recover would negatively impact our margins and operating results. See Item 1A, Risk Factors of our 2025 10-K "We are dependent on third parties to supply certain materials, and our results were negatively affected by the availability of such materials in the past and may be negatively affected by the quality, availability and cost of such materials in the future." 25 Increases in prices for energy and other commodities may result in further increased raw materials, component and transportation costs. Any increase in our costs that we are unable to recover through our pricing to our customers would negatively impact our margins and operating results. See Item 1A, Risk Factors of our 2025 10-K "Volatility in energy and commodity prices may negatively impact our operating results." See "External Factors that May Impact our Business" in Item 7, MD&A of our 2025 10-K for a discussion of additional factors beyond our control that may have an adverse impact on our business. Recent Developments: Credit Facility Amendment: We are party to a credit agreement with Bank of America, N.A., as Administrative Agent, and the lenders party thereto. As previously announced in April 2026, we amended our credit agreement (April 2026 Amendment) to: (1) increase the commitments under the revolving credit facility (Revolver) from $750.0 million to $1,750.0 million; (2) refinance our then-existing term A loan facility (Refinanced Term A Loan) into a new $250.0 million term A loan (Term A Loan); and (3) extend the maturity of the Revolver and the Term A Loan from June 2029 to April 2031. See "Liquidity — Cash used in and provided by financing activities — Financing and finance costs" below. Summary of Q2 2026 and Year-to-Date Period The Q2 2026 Interim Financial Statements reflect all normal and recurring adjustments that are, in the opinion of management, necessary to present fairly our financial position at June 30, 2026 and the operating results and cash flows for the three and six months ended June 30, 2026. A discussion of our Q2 2026 and 1H 2026 financial results is set forth under "Operating Results" below. The following tables set forth certain key operating results and financial information for the periods indicated (in millions, except per share amounts and percentages): Three months ended June 30 Six months ended June 30 2026 2025 % Increase (Decrease) 2026 2025 % Increase (Decrease) Revenue $ 4,698.6 $ 2,893.4 62 % $ 8,745.6 $ 5,542.0 58 % Gross profit 577.5 371.0 56 % 1,014.7 644.9 57 % Selling, general and administrative expenses (SG&A) 58.1 38.9 49 % 175.5 151.4 16 % Restructuring and other charges (recoveries) 2.9 14.5 (80) % (1.5) 18.4 (108) % Net earnings 368.8 211.0 75 % 581.1 297.2 96 % Diluted earnings per share (EPS) $ 3.17 $ 1.82 74 % $ 5.01 $ 2.55 96 % Three months ended June 30 Six months ended June 30 Segment revenue* as a percentage of total revenue: 2026 2025 2026 2025 CCS segment 81% 72% 81% 71 % ATS segment 19% 28% 19% 29 % Three months ended June 30 Six months ended June 30 2026 2025 2026 2025 Segment income and segment margin*: Segment Margin Segment Margin Segment Margin Segment Margin CCS segment $ 329.9 8.7 % $ 171.2 8.3 % $ 607.1 8.6 % $ 318.3 8.1% ATS segment 56.4 6.3 % 43.5 5.3 % 104.4 6.2 % 84.2 5.2% * Segment performance is evaluated based on segment revenue, segment income and segment margin. See note 3 to the Q2 2026 Interim Financial Statements and note 21 to the 2025 AFS for definitions of each item. 26 June 30 2026 December 31 2025 Cash and cash equivalents $ 535.7 $ 595.6 Total assets 9,787.6 7,213.1 Borrowings under term loans(1) 740.0 723.7 Borrowings under revolving credit facility(2) — — (1) Excludes unamortized debt issuance costs. (2) Excludes ordinary course letters of credit (L/Cs). Three months ended June 30 Six months ended June 30 2026 2025 2026 2025 Net cash provided by operating activities $ 410.9 $ 152.4 $ 767.2 $ 282.7 Common Share repurchase activities: Aggregate cost (including transaction fees and excluding share buyback taxes) of Common Shares repurchased for cancellation $ — $ 40.0 $ 20.0 $ 115.0 Number of Common Shares repurchased for cancellation (in millions) (1) — 0.6 0.1 1.2 Weighted average price per share for repurchases $ — $ 70.48 $ 273.60 $ 94.05 Aggregate cost (including transaction fees) of Common Shares repurchased for delivery under stock-based compensation (SBC) plans $ — $ — $ — $ 221.6 Number of Common Shares repurchased for delivery under SBC plans (in millions) (2) — — — 1.7 (1) For Q2 2025 and 1H 2025, includes 0.6 million Common Shares purchased for cancellation under automatic share purchase plans (ASPPs). (2) Consists entirely of Common Share repurchases under ASPPs for SBC delivery obligations through an independent broker. Other performance indicators: In addition to the key operating results and financial information described above, management reviews the following measures: Q2 2026 Q1 2026 Q4 2025 Q3 2025 Q2 2025 Q1 2025 Days in A/R 63 65 63 68 70 72 Days in inventory 67 61 60 65 67 68 Days in accounts payable (A/P) (73) (60) (50) (54) (54) (51) Days in cash deposits* (10) (11) (12) (14) (17) (20) Cash cycle days 47 55 61 65 66 69 Inventory turns 5.4x 5.9x 6.1x 5.6x 5.4x 5.4x * We receive cash deposits from certain of our customers primarily to help reduce risks related to excess and/or obsolete inventory. See "Customer cash deposits for inventory" in the table below. (in millions) 2026 2025 June 30 March 31 December 31 September 30 June 30 March 31 Customer cash deposits for inventory $ 481.4 $ 388.7 $ 407.1 $ 381.6 $ 396.6 $ 471.8 Days in A/R is defined as the average A/R for the quarter divided by the average daily revenue. Days in inventory, days in A/P and days in cash deposits are calculated by dividing the average balance for each item for the quarter by the average daily cost of sales. Cash cycle days is defined as the sum of days in A/R and days in inventory minus the days in A/P and days in cash deposits. Inventory turns are determined by dividing 365 by the number of days in inventory. A lower number of days in A/R, days in inventory, and cash cycle days, and a higher number of days in A/P, days in cash deposits, and inventory turns generally reflect improved cash management performance. 27 We believe that cash cycle days (and the components thereof) and inventory turns are useful measures in providing investors with information regarding our cash management performance and are accepted measures of working capital management efficiency in our industry. Critical Accounting Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the application of accounting policies, the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses, and related disclosures with respect to contingent assets and liabilities. We base our judgments, estimates and assumptions on current facts, historical experience and various other factors that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances. The economic environment also impacts certain estimates and discount rates necessary to prepare our consolidated financial statements, including significant estimates and discount rates applicable to the determination of the fair value used in the impairment testing of our non-financial assets. Our assessment of these factors forms the basis for our judgments on the carrying values of our assets and liabilities, and the accrual of our costs and expenses. Actual results could differ materially from our estimates and assumptions. We review our estimates and underlying assumptions on an ongoing basis and make revisions as determined necessary by management. Revisions are recognized in the period in which the estimates are revised and may also impact future periods. Our review of the estimates, judgments and assumptions used in the preparation of the Q2 2026 Interim Financial Statements included those relating to, among others: our determination of the timing of revenue recognition, the determination of whether indicators of impairment existed for our assets and reporting units, our measurement of deferred tax assets and liabilities, our estimated inventory write-downs and expected credit losses and customer creditworthiness. Any revisions to estimates, judgments or assumptions may result in, among other things, write-downs, accelerated depreciation or amortization, or impairments of our assets or reporting units, any of which could have a material impact on our financial performance and financial condition. No significant revisions to our critical accounting estimates and/or assumptions were made in Q2 2026 and 1H 2026. In addition, we determined that no triggering event occurred in Q2 2026 and 1H 2026 that would require an interim impairment assessment of our reporting units. Due to global economic conditions, including the impact of ongoing trade conflicts, tariffs and geopolitical conflicts, there has been and we expect there will continue to be uncertainty in the global economy. Management has made estimates and assumptions based on information available as of the date of issuance of the Q2 2026 Interim Financial Statements taking into consideration certain possible impacts due to the foregoing factors. These estimates may change, as new events occur, or additional information is obtained. Significant accounting policies and methods used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements and recently issued accounting pronouncements are described in note 2 to our 2025 AFS and note 2 to our Q2 2026 Interim Financial Statements. Operating Results See "Overview" above for a discussion of the impact of recent market conditions on our segments and businesses. See the initial paragraph of "Operating Results" in Item 7, MD&A of our 2025 10-K for a general discussion of factors that can cause our financial results to fluctuate from period to period. Revenue: Revenue of $4.70 billion for Q2 2026 increased 62% compared to Q2 2025. Revenue of $8.75 billion for 1H 2026 increased 58% compared to 1H 2025. 28 The following table sets forth segment revenue information (in millions, except percentages) for the periods indicated: Three months ended June 30 Six months ended June 30 2026 2025 2026 2025 % of total % of total % of total % of total CCS segment revenue Communications $ 2,653.2 56 % $ 1,641.2 57 % $ 5,063.8 58 % $ 3,068.9 56 % Enterprise 1,157.1 25 % 433.1 15 % 1,987.5 23 % 846.8 15 % $ 3,810.3 81 % $ 2,074.3 72 % $ 7,051.3 81 % $ 3,915.7 71 % ATS segment revenue 888.3 19 % 819.1 28 % 1,694.3 19 % 1,626.3 29 % Total revenue $ 4,698.6 $ 2,893.4 $ 8,745.6 $ 5,542.0 CCS segment revenue increased $1,736.0 million (84%) in Q2 2026 compared to Q2 2025 and increased $3,135.6 million (80%) in 1H 2026 compared to 1H 2025. Communications end market revenue increased $1,012.0 million (62%) in Q2 2026 compared to Q2 2025 and increased $1,994.9 million (65%) in 1H 2026 compared to 1H 2025, driven by data center networking demand, including the continued growth of our switch programs. HPS revenue for Q2 2026 increased 58% to approximately $1.9 billion compared to Q2 2025, and accounted for 41% of our total Q2 2026 revenue (Q2 2025 — 43% of our total Q2 2025 revenue). Our HPS revenue for 1H 2026 increased 60% to approximately $3.6 billion compared to 1H 2025, and accounted for 41% of our total 1H 2026 revenue (1H 2025 — 41% of our total 1H 2025 revenue). Increases in HPS revenue was driven by strong demand for our networking switch programs with hyperscaler customers. Enterprise end market revenue increased $724.0 million (167%) in Q2 2026 compared to Q2 2025 and increased $1,140.7 million (135%) in 1H 2026 compared to 1H 2025, driven by the continued ramp-up of an AI/ML compute program with a hyperscaler customer and increased demand in our storage programs. ATS segment revenue for Q2 2026 increased $69.2 million (8%) compared to Q2 2025, driven by revenue increases in each of our ATS businesses. ATS segment revenue for 1H 2026 increased $68.0 million (4%) compared to 1H 2025, primarily due to growth in our HealthTech and Industrial businesses. We depend on a small number of customers for a substantial portion of our revenue. In the aggregate, our top 10 customers represented 83% of total revenue for Q2 2026 and 1H 2026 (Q2 2025 and 1H 2025 — 78%). Three customers (all in our CCS segment) individually represented 10% or more of total revenue in Q2 2026 (32%, 17% and 14%) and 1H 2026 (34%, 16% and 15%). Two customers (both in our CCS segment) individually represented 10% or more of total revenue in Q2 2025 (31% and 13%). Three customers (all in our CCS segment) individually represented 10% or more of total revenue in 1H 2025 (30%, 13% and 10%). Gross profit: The following table shows gross profit and gross margin (gross profit as a percentage of total revenue) for the periods indicated: Three months ended June 30 Six months ended June 30 2026 2025 2026 2025 Gross profit (in millions) $ 577.5 $ 371.0 $ 1,014.7 $ 644.9 Gross margin 12.3 % 12.8 % 11.6 % 11.6 % Gross profit increased by 56% or $206.5 million to $577.5 million in Q2 2026 compared to Q2 2025 and increased by 57% or $369.8 million to $1,014.7 million in 1H 2026 compared to 1H 2025, primarily driven by our strong revenue growth. Gross margin decreased to 12.3% in Q2 2026 from 12.8% in Q2 2025, primarily driven by mix dynamics in our CCS business. Gross margin remained flat at 11.6% in 1H 2026 compared to 1H 2025. Our gross profit and gross margin in Q2 2026 and 1H 2026 also included $7.8 million of higher favorable fair value adjustments (TRS FVAs) related to our total return swap agreement (TRS Agreement) compared to Q2 2025 and 1H 2025, respectively. See "Liquidity — Cash requirements — TRS" below for a description of our TRS Agreement. 29 SG&A: SG&A for Q2 2026 of $58.1 million (1.2% of total revenue) increased $19.2 million compared to $38.9 million (1.3% of total revenue) for Q2 2025. SG&A for 1H 2026 of $175.5 million (2.0% of total revenue) increased $24.1 million compared to $151.4 million (2.7% of total revenue) for 1H 2025. The increase in SG&A in Q2 2026 and 1H 2026 compared to the respective prior respective periods was primarily due to higher variable compensation and variable spend. Segment income and margin: Segment performance is evaluated based on segment revenue (set forth above), segment income, and segment margin (segment income as a percentage of segment revenue). See "Summary of Q2 2026 and Year-to-Date Period" above for a table showing segment income and segment margin for Q2 2026, 1H 2026 and the respective prior year periods. See the reconciliation of segment income to our earnings before income taxes for Q2 2026, 1H 2026 and the respective prior year periods in note 3 to the Q2 2026 Interim Financial Statements. CCS segment income increased $158.7 million (93%) in Q2 2026 compared to Q2 2025 and increased $288.8 million (91%) in 1H 2026 compared to 1H 2025, as a result of the CCS segment revenue increases in Q2 2026 and 1H 2026 described above. CCS segment margin increased to 8.7% in Q2 2026 from 8.3% in Q2 2025 and increased to 8.6% in 1H 2026 from 8.1% in 1H 2025, driven by operating leverage. ATS segment income increased $12.9 million (30%) in Q2 2026 compared to Q2 2025 and increased $20.2 million (24%) in 1H 2026 compared to 1H 2025, as a result of the ATS revenue increases in Q2 2026 and 1H 2026 described above. ATS segment margin increased to 6.3% in Q2 2026 from 5.3% in Q2 2025 and increased to 6.2% in 1H 2026 from 5.2% in 1H 2025, primarily due to improved product mix and operating leverage. SBC expense and TRS FVAs: Our SBC expense may fluctuate from period to period to account for, among other things, new grants, forfeitures resulting from employee terminations or resignations, and the recognition of accelerated SBC expense for employees eligible for retirement (generally in the first quarter of the year associated with our annual grants). The portion of our employee SBC expense that relates to performance-based compensation is subject to adjustment in any period to reflect changes in the estimated level of achievement of pre-determined performance goals and financial targets. We entered into the TRS agreement (TRS Agreement) to manage cash flow requirements and exposure to fluctuations in the share price of our Common Shares in connection with the settlement of certain outstanding equity awards under our SBC plans. See "Liquidity — Cash requirements — TRS" below for further detail. We grant restricted share units (RSUs) and performance share units (PSUs), and from time to time grant stock options, to employees. Directors may receive compensation in director share units or deferred share units (collectively, "DSUs"), RSUs, Director RSUs (D-RSUs), or cash. The following table shows employee SBC expense, TRS FVAs, and director SBC expense for the periods indicated: (in millions) Three months ended June 30 Six months ended June 30 2026 2025 2026 2025 Employee SBC expense in cost of sales $ 9.6 $ 7.3 $ 23.2 $ 17.4 Employee SBC expense in SG&A 9.7 7.9 26.6 23.8 Total employee SBC expense $ 19.3 $ 15.2 $ 49.8 $ 41.2 TRS FVAs: gains in cost of sales $ (48.4) $ (40.6) $ (40.9) $ (33.1) TRS FVAs: gains in SG&A (55.7) (56.8) (46.2) (45.2) Total TRS FVAs: gains $ (104.1) $ (97.4) $ (87.1) $ (78.3) Combined effect of employee SBC expense and TRS FVAs $ (84.8) $ (82.2) $ (37.3) $ (37.1) Director SBC expense in SG&A(1) $ 0.6 $ 0.5 $ 1.2 $ 1.1 (1) Expense consists of director compensation to be settled with Common Shares, or Common Shares and cash. 30 Restructuring and other charges (recoveries): We perform ongoing evaluations of our business, operational efficiency and cost structure, and implement restructuring actions as we deem necessary. Our restructuring activities consist primarily of actions to adjust our cost base to address reduced levels of demand in certain of our businesses and geographies. We recorded restructuring charges of $2.9 million in Q2 2026 and $5.1 million in 1H 2026 (Q2 2025 — $12.8 million; 1H 2025 — $15.0 million), consisting primarily of cash charges related to employee terminations. At June 30, 2026, our restructuring provision of $4.0 million (December 31, 2025 — $4.4 million) was recorded in accrued and other current liabilities and provisions on our consolidated balance sheets, which we intend to fund with cash on hand. See note 10 to the Q2 2026 Interim Financial Statements for details of other costs and recoveries included in the restructuring and other charges (recoveries) recorded in our consolidated statements of operations. Finance costs: Finance costs consist of interest expense and fees related to our credit facility (including debt issuance and related amortization costs), our interest rate swap agreements, our TRS Agreement, our A/R sales program, customer supplier financing programs (SFPs), and interest expense on our finance lease obligations. During Q2 2026 and 1H 2026, we incurred finance costs of $21.2 million and $39.2 million, respectively (Q2 2025 — $14.4 million; 1H 2025 — $29.4 million). See "Capital Resources" below for descriptions of our interest rate swap agreements, A/R sales program and customer SFPs. Interest expense under our credit facility recorded in finance costs, including the impact of our interest rate swap agreements, was $11.9 million in Q2 2026 and $22.6 million in 1H 2026 (Q2 2025 — $11.2 million; 1H 2025 — $24.3 million). See "Liquidity — Cash provided by and used in financing activities — Financing and finance costs" below. Interest costs incurred on our TRS Agreement in Q2 2026 and 1H 2026 were $5.0 million and $10.0 million, respectively (Q2 2025 — $1.8 million; 1H 2025 — $2.3 million). See "Liquidity — Cash requirements — TRS" below. Income taxes and tax contingencies: For Q2 2026, we had a net income tax expense of $72.8 million on earnings before tax of $441.6 million, compared to a net income tax expense of $46.3 million on earnings before tax of $257.3 million for Q2 2025. For 1H 2026, we had a net income tax expense of $116.8 million on earnings before tax of $697.9 million, compared to a net income tax expense of $73.8 million on earnings before tax of $371.0 million for 1H 2025. Our Q2 2026 and 1H 2026 net income tax expense included tax expense related to Pillar Two global minimum tax legislation (GMT) of $9.0 million and $16.2 million, respectively. Our Q2 2025 and 1H 2025 net income tax expense included withholding tax expense incurred to minimize the impact of GMT of $7.1 million and $13.9 million, respectively. Our 1H 2025 net income tax expense also included a $3.0 million of tax expense for tax uncertainties relating to one of our subsidiaries, offset in part by $1.9 million of reversals of tax uncertainties relating to another of our subsidiaries. Certain countries in which we do business grant tax incentives to attract and retain our business. Our tax expense could increase if certain tax incentives from which we benefit are retracted or exhausted. A retraction could occur if we fail to satisfy the conditions on which these tax incentives are based, or if they are not renewed or replaced upon expiration. Our tax expense could also increase if tax rates applicable to us in such jurisdictions are otherwise increased, or due to changes in legislation or administrative practices. Changes in our outlook in any particular country could impact our ability to meet the required conditions. We have been granted certain income tax incentives in Thailand, including tax holidays, that will expire in whole or in part at various dates during 2027 through 2029, unless extended or otherwise renegotiated. These tax exemptions are subject to certain conditions with which we intend to comply. We develop our tax filing positions based upon the anticipated nature and structure of our business and the tax laws, administrative practices and judicial decisions currently in effect in the jurisdictions in which we have assets or conduct business, all of which are subject to change or differing interpretations. We are subject to tax audits in various jurisdictions which could result in additional tax expense in future periods relating to prior results. Reviews by tax authorities generally focus on, but are not limited to, the validity of our inter-company transactions, including financing and transfer pricing policies 31 which generally involve subjective areas of taxation and significant judgment, as well as withholding and indirect taxes. Any such increase in our income tax expense and related interest and/or penalties could have a significant adverse impact on our future earnings and future cash flows. In 2021, the Romanian tax authorities issued a final assessment in the aggregate amount of approximately 31 million Romanian leu (approximately $7 million at Q2 2026 period-end exchange rates), for additional income and value-added taxes for our Romanian subsidiary for the 2014 to 2018 tax years. In order to advance our case to the appeals phase and reduce or eliminate potential interest and penalties, we paid the Romanian tax authorities the full amount assessed in 2021 (without agreement to all or any portion of such assessment). We believe that our originally-filed tax return positions are in compliance with applicable Romanian tax laws and regulations, and continue to vigorously defend our position through all necessary appeals or other judicial processes. We are under examination by the Thailand tax authorities for tax years 2019 and 2020. The examination may lead to adjustments to our taxes with respect to the year under examination as well as other subsequent periods. In 2024, the Thailand tax authorities issued an assessment letter seeking to impose additional value-added taxes and surcharges in the aggregate amount of approximately 403 million Thai baht (approximately $12 million at Q2 2026 period-end exchange rates) for our Thailand subsidiary for the 2019 tax year. We believe that our original positions with respect to the value-added taxes are in compliance with applicable Thailand tax laws and regulations, and continue to vigorously defend our position through all necessary appeals or other judicial processes. A bank guarantee has been issued for the maximum potential liability. In our major tax jurisdictions, we may be subject to income tax examinations for tax years from 2018 to present. The successful pursuit of assertions made by any government authority, including tax authorities, could result in our owing significant amounts of tax or other reimbursements, interest and possibly penalties. We believe that adequate amounts have been accrued in accordance with GAAP (ASC 740 Income Taxes) for any adjustments to the income tax expense or other tax items that may ultimately result from these examinations. However, there can be no assurance as to the final resolution of any claims and any resulting proceedings. If any claims and any ensuing proceedings are determined adversely to us, the amounts we may be required to pay could be material, and in excess of amounts accrued. Net earnings: Net earnings for Q2 2026 of $368.8 million increased $157.8 million compared to Q2 2025, primarily due to $206.5 million in higher gross profit and $11.6 million in lower restructuring and other charges (recoveries), partially offset by $26.5 million in higher income tax expense, $19.2 million in higher SG&A expense and $12.3 million in higher R&D expenses. Net earnings for 1H 2026 of $581.1 million increased $283.9 million compared to 1H 2025, primarily due to $369.8 million in higher gross profit and $19.9 million in lower restructuring and other charges (recoveries), partially offset by $43.0 million in higher income tax expense, $35.9 million in higher R&D and $24.1 million in higher SG&A expense. See "Gross Profit", "SG&A" and "Restructuring and other charges (recoveries)" above for description of changes in gross profit, SG&A and restructuring and other charges (recoveries), respectively, in Q2 2026 and 1H 2026 compared to the respective prior year periods. Higher R&D expenses in Q2 2026 and 1H 2026 were to support the growth of our HPS business. Increases in income tax expenses in Q2 2026 and 1H 2026 compared to respective prior year periods were driven by higher earnings before income taxes in Q2 2026 and 1H 2026. Liquidity and Capital Resources Liquidity The following tables set forth key liquidity metrics for the periods indicated (in millions): June 30 December 31 2026 2025 Cash and cash equivalents $ 535.7 $ 595.6 Borrowings under credit facility* 740.0 723.7 * Excludes ordinary course L/Cs. 32 Three months ended June 30 Six months ended June 30 2026 2025 2026 2025 Net cash provided by operating activities $ 410.9 $ 152.4 $ 767.2 $ 282.7 Net cash used in investing activities (266.3) (35.0) (484.7) (71.7) Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities 13.1 (106.6) (342.4) (320.5) Changes in non-cash working capital items (included in operating activities above): A/R $ (170.8) $ (151.9) $ (700.1) $ (218.8) Inventories (728.8) (129.8) (1,213.7) (157.5) Other current assets (17.1) (9.4) 12.7 (6.4) A/P, accrued and other current liabilities, provisions and income taxes payable 1,025.3 270.4 2,096.7 316.2 Working capital changes $ 108.6 $ (20.7) $ 195.6 $ (66.5) Cash provided by operating activities: In 1H 2026, we generated $767.2 million of net cash from operating activities, primarily due to net earnings of $581.1 million, favorable changes in working capital of $195.6 million and non-cash expenses added back to net earnings, partially offset by non-cash recoveries (including favorable TRS FVAs of $87.1 million). Our favorable working capital changes in 1H 2026 were primarily driven by an increase in A/P balances in 1H 2026, the effects of which were largely offset by the increases in A/R and inventory balances in 1H 2026. A/P balances increased in 1H 2026 primarily due to our business growth, as well as timing of payments and purchases. A/R balances increased in 1H 2026 primarily due to timing and volume of revenue and collections. Increase in inventory balances in 1H 2026, primarily reflected our business growth (mostly in our CCS segment). Net cash provided by operating activities for 1H 2026 increased $484.5 million compared to 1H 2025, primarily driven by an increase in cash earnings and the favorable changes in working capital requirements. Non-GAAP free cash flow: Non-GAAP free cash flow is a non-GAAP financial measure without a standardized meaning and may not be comparable to similar measures presented by other companies. We define non-GAAP free cash flow as cash provided by or used in operations less the purchase of property, plant and equipment (net of proceeds from the sale of certain surplus assets, when applicable). Non-GAAP free cash flow does not represent residual cash flow available to Celestica for discretionary expenditures. Management uses non-GAAP free cash flow as a measure, in addition to GAAP cash provided by or used in operations (described above), to assess our operational cash flow performance. We believe non-GAAP free cash flow provides another level of transparency to our ability to generate cash from normal business operations. A reconciliation of non-GAAP free cash flow to cash provided by operating activities measured under GAAP is set forth below (in millions): Three months ended June 30 Six months ended June 30 2026 2025 2026 2025 GAAP cash provided by operations $ 410.9 $ 152.4 $ 767.2 $ 282.7 Purchase of property, plant and equipment, net of sales proceeds (263.8) (32.5) (482.2) (69.2) Non-GAAP free cash flow $ 147.1 $ 119.9 $ 285.0 $ 213.5 Our non-GAAP free cash flow of $285.0 million for 1H 2026 increased $71.5 million compared to 1H 2025, primarily due to $484.5 million in higher cash generated from operations (as described above), partially offset by $413.0 million in higher purchases of property, plant and equipment (see "cash used in investing activities" below), net of sales proceeds. Cash used in investing activities: Our capital expenditures for 1H 2026 were $493.3 million (1H 2025 — $69.2 million). Our capital expenditures for 1H 2026 were primarily to support revenue growth in our CCS business and enhance our manufacturing capabilities in various geographies (including at our Thailand and U.S. facilities). 33 Cash provided by and used in financing activities: Common Share repurchases: See "Summary of Q2 2026 and Year-to-Date Period" above for a table detailing Common Share repurchases for the periods indicated. Financing and finance costs: Credit Agreement We are party to a credit agreement (Credit Facility) with Bank of America, N.A., as Administrative Agent, and the lenders party thereto, which, as of the April 2026 Amendment, includes the Term A Loan in the original principal amount of $250.0 million, a term loan in the original principal amount of $500.0 million (Term B Loan), and the $1,750.0 million Revolver. Prior to the April 2026 Amendment, the Credit Facility included a term loan in the original principal amount of $250.0 million (Refinanced Term A Loan), the Term B Loan, and commitments of $750.0 million under the Revolver. The Refinanced Term A Loan was fully repaid at closing of the April 2026 Amendment, using a substantial portion of the proceeds of the Term A Loan. Notwithstanding the repayment of the Refinanced Term A Loan in full and its replacement with the Term A Loan, for accounting purposes, this transaction was treated as a non-substantial modification of the Refinanced Term A Loan. Term A Loan (or its predecessor term loan, the Refinanced Term A Loan) and the Term B Loan are referred to as the "Term Loans." The Term A Loan and the Revolver each mature in April 2031. The Term B Loan matures in June 2031. The Term A Loan requires quarterly principal repayments of $3.125 million (commencing in September 2026). The Term B Loan requires quarterly principal repayments of $1.250 million. Both Term Loans require a lump sum repayment of the remainder outstanding at maturity. See note 7 to the Q2 2026 Interim Financial Statements for a description of additional terms of the Credit Facility under the April 2026 Amendment. See note 11 to the 2025 AFS for a description of the Credit Facility terms prior to the April 2026 Amendment. Activity under our Credit Facility during 1H 2026 is set forth below (in millions): Revolver(Excluding L/C) Term Loans Outstanding balances as of December 31, 2025 $ — $ 723.7 Amount borrowed in Q1 2026 170.0 — Amount repaid in Q1 2026 (170.0) (4.375) (1) Amount borrowed in Q2 2026 430.0 250.0 (2) Amount repaid in Q2 2026 (430.0) (229.3) (3) Outstanding balances as of June 30, 2026 $ — $ 740.0 (1) Represents scheduled quarterly principal repayments under the Term Loans prior to the April 2026 Amendment. (2) Represents borrowings under the Term A Loan. (3) Represents the repayment and termination of the Refinanced Term A Loan and the scheduled quarterly principal repayment under the Term B Loan. Interest we paid under the Credit Facility (included in "net cash provided by operating activities"), including the impact of our interest rate swap agreements (described in "Capital Resources" below), was $21.3 million in 1H 2026 (1H 2025 — $23.1 million). Interest rates for outstanding borrowings under the Credit Facility at June 30, 2026 are described under "Capital Resources" below. Any increase in prevailing interest rates, margins, or amounts borrowed, would cause our interest expense to increase. Under the Credit Facility, we are required to pay a commitment fee on the unused portion of the Revolver. Commitment fees paid in 1H 2026 were $2.0 million (1H 2025 — $1.7 million). During 1H 2026, we paid $4.8 million in debt issuance costs related to the April 2026 Amendment. In 1H 2026, we paid $10.8 million (1H 2025 — $0.5 million) in interest costs under our TRS Agreement (included in "net cash provided by operating activities"). 34 See "Operating Results — Finance costs" above for a description of finance costs incurred in Q2 2026, 1H 2026 and the respective prior year periods. Principal payments of finance leases: In 1H 2026, we paid $5.0 million (1H 2025 — $5.2 million) in principal payment of finance leases. Proceeds from TRS re-strike transaction: The value of the TRS Agreement is determined by comparing the market price of our Common Shares to the fixed price paid by the counterparty for such shares (Strike Price). In each of December 2025 and March 2025, we re-struck our TRS Agreement at a Strike Price of $288.87 per share and $91.58 per share, respectively, and received $246.6 million and $98.6 million from the counterparty, respectively, each of which was recorded in cash provided by financing activities in our consolidated statements of cash flows. SBC cash settlements: In 1H 2026, we made a cash payment of $326.3 million for withholding taxes in connection with the SBC awards that vested during such period (1H 2025 — $156.0 million). Cash requirements: Our working capital requirements can vary significantly from month-to-month due to a range of business factors, including the ramping of new programs, expansion of our services and business operations, timing of purchases, higher levels of inventory for new programs and anticipated customer demand, timing of payments and A/R collections, and customer forecasting variations. The international scope of our operations may also create working capital requirements in certain countries while other countries generate cash in excess of working capital needs. Moving cash between countries on a short-term basis to fund working capital is not always expedient due to local currency regulations, tax considerations, and other factors. As a result, we make intra-quarter borrowings and repayments under the Revolver (Intra-Quarter B/Rs) (see "Financing and finance costs — Credit Agreement" above for Intra-Quarter B/Rs we made in 1H 2026), sell A/R through our A/R sales program, and/or participate in available customer SFPs when deemed necessary or desirable to effectively manage our short-term liquidity and working capital requirements. The timing and the amounts we borrow or repay under these facilities can vary significantly from month-to-month depending upon our cash requirements. Based on our current cash flow budgets and forecasts of our short-term and long-term liquidity needs, we continue to believe that our current and projected sources of liquidity will be sufficient to fund our anticipated liquidity needs for the next twelve months and beyond. Specifically, we believe that cash flow from operating activities, together with cash on hand, availability under the Revolver ($1,739.6 million at June 30, 2026), potential availability under uncommitted intraday and overnight bank overdraft facilities, and cash from accepted sales of A/R, will be sufficient to fund our anticipated working capital needs, planned capital spending, contractual obligations and other cash requirements (including any required SBC share repurchases and SBC cash settlements, debt repayments and finance costs). See "Capital Resources" below. Notwithstanding the foregoing, although we anticipate that we will be able to repay or refinance outstanding obligations under our Credit Facility when they mature (our primary current long-term cash liquidity requirement), there can be no assurance we will be able to do so, or that the terms of any refinancing will be favorable. In addition, we may require additional capital in the future to fund capital expenditures, acquisitions, strategic transactions or other investments. We will continue to assess our liquidity position and potential sources of supplemental liquidity in view of our objectives, operating performance, economic and capital market conditions and other relevant circumstances. Our operating performance may also be affected by matters discussed under Item 1A, Risk Factors of our 2025 10-K. These risks and uncertainties may adversely affect our long-term liquidity. There have been no material changes to the information set forth under "Contractual Obligations" and "Additional Commitments" of the "Liquidity" section of Item 7, MD&A of our 2025 10-K. Financing Arrangements: See "Liquidity — Cash provided by and used in financing activities — Financing and finance costs" above for interest and commitment fees paid under our Credit Facility in 1H 2026. Annual interest expense and fees under the Credit Facility, 35 including the impact of our interest rate swap agreements, based on amounts and swap agreements outstanding at June 30, 2026 are approximately $46 million. We expect to fund our finance costs with cash on hand. We do not believe that the aggregate amounts outstanding under our Credit Facility at June 30, 2026 ($740.0 million under the Term Loans and $10.4 million in ordinary course L/Cs), had or will have a material adverse impact on our liquidity, our results of operations or financial condition. In addition, we do not believe that Intra-Quarter B/Rs have had (or future Intra-Quarter B/Rs will have) a material adverse impact on our liquidity, results of operations or financial condition. See "Capital Resources" below for a description of our available sources of liquidity. See the Credit Facility activity table under "Financing and finance costs — Credit Agreement" above for Intra-Quarter B/Rs during 1H 2026. However, our current outstanding indebtedness and the mandatory repayment provisions of the Credit Facility (described in note 7 to the Q2 2026 Interim Financial Statements) require us to use a portion of our cash flow to service such debt, and may reduce our ability to fund future capital expenditures and/or acquisitions; limit our ability to obtain additional financing for future investments, working capital, or other corporate purposes; limit our ability to refinance our indebtedness on terms acceptable to us or at all; limit our flexibility to plan for and adjust to changing business and market conditions; increase our vulnerability to general adverse economic and industry conditions; and/or reduce our debt agency ratings. Existing or increased third-party indebtedness could have a variety of other adverse effects, including: (i) default and foreclosure on our assets if refinancing is unavailable on acceptable terms and we have insufficient funds to repay the debt obligations when due; and (ii) acceleration of such indebtedness or cross-defaults if we breach applicable financial or other covenants and such breaches are not waived. The Credit Facility contains restrictive covenants that limit our ability to engage in specified types of transactions, and limit share repurchases for cancellation if our consolidated secured leverage ratio (as defined in such facility) exceeds a specified amount, as well as specified financial covenants (described in "Capital Resources" below). Our A/R sales program requires us to comply with certain covenants, including those relating to the fulfillment of payment obligations and restrictions on the sale, assignment or creation of liens, with respect to A/R sold under this agreement. See "Capital Resources" below for a description of our A/R sales program and customer SFPs. We currently are and expect to remain in compliance with our Credit Facility covenants and A/R sales program covenants. However, our ability to maintain compliance with applicable financial covenants will depend on our ongoing financial and operating performance, which, in turn, may be impacted by economic conditions and financial, market, and competitive factors, many of which are beyond our control. A breach of any such covenants could result in a default under the instruments governing our indebtedness. TRS: We are party to a TRS Agreement with a third-party bank to manage our cash flow requirements and exposure to fluctuations in the price of our Common Shares in connection with the settlement of certain outstanding equity awards under our SBC plans. The value of the TRS Agreement is determined by comparing the market price of our Common Shares to the Strike Price. The counterparty under the TRS Agreement is obligated to make a payment to us upon Settlement based on the increase (if any) in the value of the TRS Agreement over the TRS Agreement’s term, in exchange for periodic payments made by us based on Secured Overnight Financing Rate plus a specified margin applied to the Equity Notional Amount (defined in the TRS Agreement as an amount equal to the product of (i) the number of Common Shares then subject to the TRS Agreement (notional quantity) multiplied by (ii) the Strike Price in effect). Similarly, if the value of the TRS Agreement decreases over the term of the TRS Agreement, we are obligated to pay the counterparty the amount of such decrease upon Settlement. The TRS Agreement does not qualify for hedge accounting. At June 30, 2026, our TRS Agreement had a notional quantity of 1.25 million Common Shares (December 31, 2025 — 1.25 million Common Shares). The Strike Price of our TRS Agreement in effect at June 30, 2026 was $288.87 per share. As the interest payments under the TRS Agreement will vary from period to period and the value of our Common Shares upon further Settlement cannot be ascertained in advance, we cannot determine future interest and/or other payments that may be payable by (or to) us with respect to our TRS Agreement. We expect to fund required payments under our TRS Agreement from cash on hand. 36 Repatriations: At June 30, 2026, approximately 95% of our cash and cash equivalents were held by foreign subsidiaries outside of Canada. We have repatriated and expect to continue repatriating funds from our foreign subsidiaries. Repatriation of certain foreign funds could result in additional tax liabilities under current tax laws. We have recorded tax liabilities in our consolidated financial statements for the anticipated repatriations in the foreseeable future. Capital Expenditures: Our capital spending varies each period based on, among other things, the timing of new business wins and forecasted sales levels. We continue to anticipate capital spending for 2026 to be approximately $1 billion, and expect to fund these expenditures from cash generated from operations. Common Share Repurchases and SBC settlements: We have funded and intend to continue to fund our Common Share repurchases (for cancellation under our NCIBs and to satisfy delivery obligations under SBC plans) and SBC cash settlements from cash on hand, borrowings under the Revolver, or a combination thereof. The timing of, and the amounts paid for, such repurchases and settlements can vary from period to period. See "Summary of Q2 2026 and Year-to-Date Period" above. Lease Obligations: At June 30, 2026, we recognized a total of $246.3 million of finance lease and operating lease obligations (December 31, 2025 — $197.2 million). All lease obligations are expected to be funded with cash on hand and through the financing arrangements described below under "Capital Resources." Litigation and contingencies: In the normal course of our operations, we may be subject to litigation, investigations and other claims, including legal, regulatory and tax proceedings. Management believes that adequate provisions have been recorded where required. Although it is not always possible to estimate the extent of potential costs, if any, management believes that the ultimate resolution of all such currently pending matters will not have a material adverse impact on our financial performance, financial position or liquidity. See "Operating Results — Income taxes and tax contingencies" above for a description of the ongoing Romanian income and value-added tax matter and Thailand tax matters. We provide routine indemnifications, the terms of which range in duration and scope, and often are not explicitly defined, including for third-party intellectual property infringement, certain negligence claims, and for our directors and officers. The maximum potential liability from these indemnifications cannot be reasonably estimated. In some cases, we have recourse against other parties or insurance to mitigate our risk of loss from these indemnifications. Historically, we have not made significant payments relating to these types of indemnifications. Capital Resources Our capital resources consist of cash provided by operating activities, access to the Revolver, uncommitted intraday and overnight bank overdraft facilities, an uncommitted A/R sales program, uncommitted SFPs, and our ability to issue debt or equity securities. We regularly review our borrowing capacity and make adjustments, as permitted, for changes in economic conditions and changes in our requirements. We centrally manage our funding and treasury activities in accordance with corporate policies, and our main objectives are to ensure appropriate levels of liquidity, to have funds available for working capital or other investments we determine are required to grow our business, to comply with debt covenants, to maintain adequate levels of insurance, and to balance our exposures to market risks. At June 30, 2026, we had cash and cash equivalents of $535.7 million (December 31, 2025 — $595.6 million), the majority of which was denominated in U.S. dollars. Our cash and cash equivalents are subject to intra-quarter swings, generally related to the timing of A/R collections, inventory purchases and payments, and other capital uses. As of June 30, 2026, an aggregate of $740.0 million was outstanding under the Term Loans, and other than ordinary course L/Cs, no amounts was outstanding under the Revolver (December 31, 2025 — $723.7 million outstanding under our Term Loans, and other than ordinary course L/Cs, no amounts outstanding under the Revolver). See "Liquidity — Cash 37 provided by and used in financing activities — Financing and finance costs" above for a discussion of amounts borrowed and repaid under our Credit Facility during 1H 2026. Except under specified circumstances, and subject to the payment of breakage costs (if any), we are generally permitted to make voluntary prepayments of outstanding amounts under the Revolver and Term Loans without any other premium or penalty. Repaid amounts on the Term Loans may not be re-borrowed. Repaid amounts on the Revolver may be re-borrowed. At June 30, 2026, we had $1,739.6 million available under the Revolver for future borrowings, reflecting outstanding L/Cs issued under the Revolver (December 31, 2025 — $739.2 million of availability). See note 7 to the Q2 2026 Interim Financial Statements for a description of interest rates, margins and commitment fees applicable to borrowings under the Credit Facility, as well as the sub-limits for swing line loans and letters of credit under the Revolver and the accordion feature. At June 30, 2026, outstanding amounts under the Term A Loan bore interest at term Secured Overnight Financing Rate (Term SOFR) plus 1.50%; outstanding amounts under the Term B Loan bore interest at Term SOFR plus 1.75%. In order to partially hedge against our exposure to interest rate variability on our Term Loans, we are party to various agreements with third-party banks to swap the variable interest rate with a fixed rate of interest. At June 30, 2026, associated with the Term A Loan, we had: (i) interest rate swaps with $80.0 million notional amount expiring in June 2027; (ii) interest rate swaps with $40.0 million notional amount expiring in June 2029; and (iii) interest rate swaps with $80.0 million notional amount commencing June 2027 and expiring in June 2029. At June 30, 2026, associated with the Term B Loan, we had: (i) interest rate swaps with $230.0 million notional amount expiring in June 2027; and (ii) interest rate swaps with $230.0 million notional amount commencing in June 2027 and expiring in June 2029. These derivatives when in effective hedge relationships are designated as cash flow hedging instruments. At June 30, 2026, the interest rate risk related to $390.0 million of borrowings under the Credit Facility was unhedged (December 31, 2025 — $373.7 million), consisting entirely of unhedged amounts outstanding under the Term Loans. We are required to comply with certain restrictive covenants under the Credit Facility, including those relating to the incurrence of certain indebtedness, the existence of certain liens, the sale of certain assets, specified investments and payments, sale and leaseback transactions, and certain financial covenants relating to a defined interest coverage ratio and leverage ratio that are tested on a quarterly basis. At June 30, 2026, we were in compliance with all restrictive and financial covenants under the Credit Facility. Our Credit Facility also limits share repurchases for cancellation if our consolidated secured leverage ratio (as defined in such facility) exceeds a specified amount (Repurchase Restriction). The Repurchase Restriction did not prohibit Common Share purchases during Q2 2026 or at June 30, 2026. The obligations under the Credit Facility are guaranteed by us and certain specified subsidiaries. Subject to specified exemptions and limitations, all assets of the guarantors are pledged as security for the obligations under the Credit Facility. The Credit Facility contains customary events of default. If an event of default occurs and is continuing (and is not waived), the Administrative Agent may declare all amounts outstanding under the Credit Facility to be immediately due and payable and may cancel the lenders' commitments to make further advances thereunder. In the event of a payment or other specified defaults, outstanding obligations accrue interest at a specified default rate. At June 30, 2026, we had $10.4 million outstanding in L/Cs under the Revolver (December 31, 2025 — $10.8 million). We also arrange bank guarantees and surety bonds outside of the Revolver. At June 30, 2026, we had $37.0 million of bank guarantees and surety bonds outstanding (December 31, 2025 — $38.1 million). At June 30, 2026, we also had a total of $211.9 million in uncommitted bank overdraft facilities available for intraday and overnight operating requirements (December 31, 2025 — $198.5 million). There were no amounts outstanding under these overdraft facilities at June 30, 2026 or December 31, 2025. We are party to an agreement with a third-party bank to sell up to $450.0 million in A/R on an uncommitted, revolving basis, subject to pre-determined limits by customer. This agreement provides for automatic annual one-year extensions. This agreement may be terminated at any time by the bank or by us upon 3 months' prior notice, or by the bank upon specified defaults. We also participate in customer SFPs, pursuant to which we sell A/R from the relevant customer to third-party banks on an uncommitted basis to receive earlier payment. At June 30, 2026, we participated in two customer SFPs (both ATS customers). The SFPs have indefinite terms and may be terminated at any time by the customer or by us upon specified prior notice. A/R are sold under these arrangements net of discount charges. As our A/R sales program and the SFPs are on an uncommitted basis, there can be no assurance that any of the banks will purchase any of the A/R we intend to sell to them thereunder. However, as the A/R that we offer to sell under these programs are largely from customers we deem to be creditworthy, we believe that such offers will continue to be accepted. Both at June 30, 2026 and at December 31, 2025, we 38 have nil outstanding balances under our A/R sales program and SFPs. During Q2 2026 and 1H 2026, we sold an aggregate of $565 million and $879 million, respectively, under our A/R sales program and customer SFPs (Q2 2025 — nil; 1H 2025 — approximately $10 million). We vary the amounts we offer to sell under our A/R sales program and customer SFPs depending on our short-term ordinary course cash requirements. The timing and the amounts we borrow and repay under our Revolver (including Intra-Quarter B/Rs) and overdraft facilities, or sell under the SFPs or our A/R sales program, can vary significantly from month-to-month depending on our working capital and other cash requirements. See "Operating Results — Finance costs", "Liquidity — Cash provided by and used in financing activities — Financing and finance costs" and "Liquidity — Cash requirements — Financing Arrangements" above. Our strategy on capital risk management has not changed significantly since the end of 2025. Outstanding Share Data As of July 22, 2026, we had 114,982,086 outstanding Common Shares. As of such date, we also had 38,549 outstanding stock options, 623,095 outstanding RSUs, 782,474 outstanding PSUs assuming vesting of 100% of the target amount granted (PSUs that will vest range from 0% to 200% of the target amount granted), 115,460 outstanding DSUs, and 5,691 outstanding D-RSUs; each vested option or unit entitling the holder thereof to receive one Common Share (or in certain cases, cash) pursuant to the terms thereof, subject to certain time or performance-based vesting conditions. Unaudited Quarterly Financial Highlights Q2 2026 compared to Q1 2026: Total revenue for Q2 2026 increased $651.6 million or 16% compared to Q1 2026. ATS segment revenue in Q2 2026 increased by $82.3 million (10%) compared to Q1 2026, primarily driven by increased demand in our Industrial, Capital Equipment and A&D businesses. CCS segment revenue increased $569.3 million (18%) in Q2 2026 compared to Q1 2026. Communications end market revenue increased $242.6 million (10%) sequentially, primarily due to increased demand for networking products from our hyperscaler customers, including the growth of our switch programs. Enterprise end market revenue increased $326.7 million (39%) sequentially, primarily due to the continued ramp-up of an AI/ML compute program with a hyperscaler customer and stronger demand in our storage programs. Gross profit for Q2 2026 increased sequentially by $140.3 million (32%), primarily driven by the higher revenue in Q2 2026 and favorable changes in TRS FVAs recorded in cost of sales ($48.4 million gain in Q2 2026 compared to $7.5 million loss in Q1 2026) driven by the fluctuation in our Common Share price. Gross margin increased from 10.8% in Q1 2026 to 12.3% in Q2 2026, primarily due to the favorable changes in TRS FVAs recorded in cost of sales as described above. CCS segment income for Q2 2026 of $329.9 million increased $52.7 million from Q1 2026, primarily due to the sequential increase in CCS segment revenue. CCS segment margin increased from 8.6% in Q1 2026 to 8.7% in Q2 2026. ATS segment income for Q2 2026 of $56.4 million increased by $8.4 million from Q1 2026, primarily due to the sequential increase in ATS segment revenue. ATS segment margin increased from 6.0% in Q1 2026 to 6.3% in Q2 2026, primarily driven by more favorable mix. SG&A in Q2 2026 decreased $59.3 million from Q1 2026 primarily due to the favorable changes in TRS FVAs recorded in SG&A ($55.7 million gain in Q2 2026 compared to $9.5 million loss in Q1 2026). Net earnings for Q2 2026 of $368.8 million increased $156.5 million compared to net earnings of $212.3 million for Q1 2026, primarily due to $140.3 million in higher gross profit and $59.3 million in lower SG&A, partially offset by $28.8 million in higher income tax expense (driven by higher earnings before income taxes). Summary of Selected Q2 2026 Results: Q2 2026 Actual Q2 2026 Guidance Revenue (in billions) $4.70 $4.15 to $4.45 GAAP earnings from operations as a % of revenue 9.8% N/A GAAP EPS (1) $3.17 N/A Adjusted operating margin (non-GAAP)* 8.2% 8.0% at the mid-point of our revenue and adjusted EPS (non-GAAP) guidance ranges Adjusted EPS (non-GAAP)* $2.54 $2.14 to $2.34 * See "Non-GAAP Financial Measures" below. 39 (1) GAAP EPS for Q2 2026 included an aggregate charge of $0.28 per share (pre-tax) for employee SBC expense, amortization of intangible assets (excluding computer software), and restructuring charges. See "Operating Results" above and "Non-GAAP Financial Measures" below for per-item charges. This aggregate charge was within our previously communicated Q2 2026 anticipated range of between $0.24 to $0.30 per share (pre-tax) for these items. GAAP EPS for Q2 2026 also included $0.90 per share (pre-tax) positive impact attributable to TRS FVAs. For Q2 2026, our revenue exceeded the high end of our guidance range due to higher than anticipated customer demand and strong operational execution. Our non-GAAP adjusted operating margin for Q2 2026 exceeded the mid-point of our revenue and non-GAAP adjusted EPS guidance ranges and our Q2 2026 adjusted EPS exceeded the high end of our guidance range, primarily driven by stronger than anticipated operating leverage. Our GAAP effective tax rate for Q2 2026 was 16%. Our adjusted effective tax rate (non-GAAP) for Q2 2026 was 20%, lower than our anticipated estimate of approximately 21%, primarily due to favorable profit mix. In the Company’s press release dated July 27, 2026, "Celestica Announces Second Quarter 2026 Financial Results", under the heading "2026 Annual Outlook and Long-Term Demand Update", management updated its annual financial outlook for 2026. This press release can be accessed under the Company’s profile at www.sedarplus.ca and www.sec.gov. The information included in this press release does not constitute a part of this Q2 2026 10-Q and is not incorporated by reference herein. Non-GAAP Financial Measures Management uses non-GAAP financial measures (including ratios based on GAAP financial measures) described herein to (i) assess operating performance, financial leverage and the effective use and allocation of resources, (ii) provide more normalized period-to-period comparisons of operating results, (iii) enhance investors' understanding of the core operating results of our business and (iv) set management incentive targets. We believe the non-GAAP financial measures enable investors to evaluate and compare our results from operations by excluding specific items that we do not consider to be reflective of our core operations, to evaluate cash resources that we generate from our business each period, to analyze operating results using the same measures our chief operating decision maker uses to measure performance, and to help compare our results with those of our competitors. In addition, management believes that the use of adjusted tax expense and adjusted effective tax rate provides additional transparency into the tax effects of our core operations, and are useful to management and investors for historical comparisons and forecasting. These non-GAAP financial measures reflect management’s belief that the excluded items are not indicative of our core operations. Non-GAAP financial measures do not have any standardized meaning prescribed by GAAP and therefore may not be directly comparable to similar measures presented by other companies. Non-GAAP financial measures are not measures of performance under GAAP and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for any GAAP financial measure. Reconciliations of the non-GAAP financial measures to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures are below. The following non-GAAP financial measures are included in this MD&A: adjusted gross profit, adjusted SG&A, adjusted operating earnings (or adjusted EBIAT), adjusted net earnings, and each of the foregoing measures as a percentage of revenue, adjusted EPS, adjusted return on invested capital (ROIC), free cash flow, adjusted tax expense and adjusted effective tax rate. Our non-GAAP financial measures are calculated by making the following adjustments (as applicable) to our GAAP financial measures: Employee SBC expense, which represents the estimated fair value of stock options, RSUs and PSUs granted to employees, is excluded because grant activities vary significantly from quarter-to-quarter in both quantity and fair value. We believe excluding this expense allows us to compare core operating results with those of our competitors, who also generally exclude employee SBC expense in assessing operating performance, and may have different granting patterns, equity awards, and valuation assumptions. Total return swap fair value adjustments (TRS FVAs) represent mark-to-market adjustments to our TRS Agreement, as the TRS Agreement is re-measured at fair value at each quarter end. We exclude the impact of these non-cash fair value adjustments (which reflect fluctuations in the market price of our Common Shares recorded in cost of sales and SG&A) from 40 period to period as such fluctuations do not represent our ongoing operating performance. In addition, we believe that excluding these non-cash adjustments permits a helpful comparison of our core operating results to our competitors. Amortization of intangible assets (excluding computer software) consist of non-cash charges for intangible assets that are impacted by the timing and magnitude of acquired businesses. Amortization of intangible assets varies among our competitors, and we believe that excluding these charges permits a helpful comparison of core operating results to our competitors who also generally exclude amortization charges in assessing operating performance. Restructuring and Other Charges (Recoveries) consist of, when applicable: Restructuring Charges (Recoveries) (defined below); Transition Costs (Recoveries) (defined below); consulting, transaction and integration costs related to potential and completed acquisitions; where applicable, certain fair value adjustments of contingent consideration in connection with acquisitions; where applicable, legal settlements (recoveries); and where applicable, related costs pertaining to our transition to a U.S. domestic filer. We exclude these charges and recoveries because we believe that they are not directly related to ongoing operating results and do not reflect our expected future operating expenses after completion of the relevant actions. Our competitors may record similar items at different times, and we believe these exclusions permit a helpful comparison of our core operating results with those of our competitors who also generally exclude these items in assessing operating performance. Restructuring Charges (Recoveries), consist of costs or recoveries relating to: employee severance, site closings and consolidations, accelerated depreciation of owned and leased property and equipment which are no longer used and are held for sale, and reductions in infrastructure. Transition Costs (Recoveries) consist of costs and recoveries in connection with: (i) the transfer of manufacturing lines from closed sites to other sites within our global network; (ii) the sale of real properties unrelated to restructuring actions; and (iii) where applicable, specified charges or recoveries related to the sublet of a 10-year building lease in Toronto that we previously anticipated to be our corporate headquarters. Transition Costs consist of direct relocation and duplicate costs (such as rent expense, utility costs, depreciation charges, and personnel costs) incurred during the transition periods, as well as cease-use and other costs incurred in connection with idle or vacated portions of the relevant premises that we would not have incurred but for these relocations, transfers and dispositions. We believe that excluding Transition Costs and Recoveries permits a helpful comparison of our core operating results from period-to-period, as they do not reflect our ongoing operations once these specified events are complete. Miscellaneous Expense (Income) consists primarily of: (i) certain net periodic benefit costs (gains) related to our pension and post-employment benefit plans consisting of interest costs, expected returns on plan balances, and amortization of actuarial gains or losses; (ii) where applicable, gains on insurance claims settlement; and (iii) where applicable, gains or losses related to interest rate swaps that we entered into prior to 2024. Those interest rate swap contracts were accounted for as cash flow hedges (qualifying for hedge accounting) under International Financial Reporting Standards. However, those contracts were not accounted for as such under GAAP until January 1, 2024. Certain gains and losses related to those contracts were recorded in Miscellaneous Expense (Income). We exclude such items because we believe they are not directly related to our ongoing operating results. Tax effects of the non-core items, which include our non-GAAP adjustments above, are excluded from GAAP tax expense to calculate adjusted tax expense (non-GAAP), as we do not believe these costs or recoveries reflect our core operating performance and vary significantly among our competitors who also generally exclude such items in assessing operating performance. Our non-GAAP financial measures include the following: Adjusted operating earnings (Adjusted EBIAT) is defined as GAAP earnings from operations excluding the impact of Employee SBC expense, TRS FVAs, Amortization of intangible assets (excluding computer software), and Restructuring and Other Charges (Recoveries). Adjusted operating margin is adjusted operating earnings as a percentage of GAAP revenue. Management uses adjusted operating earnings (adjusted EBIAT) as a measure to assess performance related to our core operations. Adjusted net earnings is defined as GAAP net earnings excluding the impact of Employee SBC expense, TRS FVAs, Amortization of intangible assets (excluding computer software), Restructuring and Other Charges (Recoveries), Miscellaneous Expense (Income) and adjustment for taxes. Adjusted EPS is calculated by dividing adjusted net earnings by the number of 41 diluted weighted average shares outstanding. Management uses adjusted net earnings as a measure to assess performance related to our core operations. Non-GAAP free cash flow is defined as cash provided by (used in) operations less the purchase of property, plant and equipment (net of proceeds from the sale of certain surplus assets, when applicable). Free cash flow does not represent residual cash flow available to Celestica for discretionary expenditures. Management uses free cash flow as a measure, in addition to GAAP cash provided by (used in) operations, to assess our operational cash flow performance. We believe free cash flow provides another level of transparency to our ability to generate cash from normal business operations. Adjusted ROIC is calculated by dividing annualized adjusted EBIAT by average net invested capital for the period. Net invested capital (calculated in the tables below) is derived from GAAP financial measures, and is defined as total assets less: cash, ROU assets (operating and finance leases), accounts payable, accrued and other current liabilities and provisions (excluding finance and operating lease liabilities) and income taxes payable. Management uses adjusted ROIC as a measure to assess the effectiveness of the invested capital we employ to build products or provide services to our customers, by quantifying how well we generate earnings relative to the capital we have invested in our business. The determination of the GAAP effective tax rate and adjusted effective tax rate (non-GAAP) is described in footnote 1 to the table below. The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the various non-GAAP financial measures discussed above, and a reconciliation of such non-GAAP financial measures to the most directly comparable financial measures determined under GAAP (in millions, except percentages and per share amounts): 42 Three months ended June 30 Six months ended June 30 2026 2025 2026 2025 % of revenue % of revenue % of revenue % of revenue GAAP revenue $ 4,698.6 $ 2,893.4 $ 8,745.6 $ 5,542.0 GAAP gross profit $ 577.5 12.3 % $ 371.0 12.8 % $ 1,014.7 11.6 % $ 644.9 11.6 % Employee SBC expense 9.6 7.3 23.2 17.4 TRS FVAs: gains (48.4) (40.6) (40.9) (33.1) Adjusted gross profit (non-GAAP) $ 538.7 11.5 % $ 337.7 11.7 % $ 997.0 11.4 % $ 629.2 11.4 % GAAP SG&A $ 58.1 1.2 % $ 38.9 1.3 % $ 175.5 2.0 % $ 151.4 2.7 % Employee SBC expense (9.7) (7.9) (26.6) (23.8) TRS FVAs: gains 55.7 56.8 46.2 45.2 Adjusted SG&A (non-GAAP) $ 104.1 2.2 % $ 87.8 3.0 % $ 195.1 2.2 % $ 172.8 3.1 % GAAP earnings from operations $ 458.3 9.8 % $ 272.5 9.4 % $ 730.4 8.4 % $ 401.3 7.2 % Employee SBC expense 19.3 15.2 49.8 41.2 TRS FVAs: gains (104.1) (97.4) (87.1) (78.3) Amortization of intangible assets (excluding computer software) 9.9 9.9 19.9 19.9 Restructuring and other charges (recoveries) 2.9 14.5 (1.5) 18.4 Adjusted operating earnings (adjusted EBIAT) (non-GAAP) $ 386.3 8.2 % $ 214.7 7.4 % $ 711.5 8.1 % $ 402.5 7.3 % GAAP net earnings $ 368.8 7.8 % $ 211.0 7.3 % $ 581.1 6.6 % $ 297.2 5.4 % Employee SBC expense 19.3 15.2 49.8 41.2 TRS FVAs: gains (104.1) (97.4) (87.1) (78.3) Amortization of intangible assets (excluding computer software) 9.9 9.9 19.9 19.9 Restructuring and other charges (recoveries) 2.9 14.5 (1.5) 18.4 Miscellaneous Expense (Income) (0.7) 1.7 (0.9) 3.1 Adjustments for taxes(1) (0.7) 6.3 (16.4) (0.2) Adjusted net earnings (non-GAAP) $ 295.4 6.3 % $ 161.2 5.6 % $ 544.9 6.2 % $ 301.3 5.4 % Diluted EPS Weighted average # of shares (in millions) 116.2 115.9 116.0 116.4 GAAP EPS $ 3.17 $ 1.82 $ 5.01 $ 2.55 Adjusted EPS (non-GAAP) $ 2.54 $ 1.39 $ 4.70 $ 2.59 # of shares outstanding at period end (in millions) 115.0 115.0 115.0 115.0 GAAP cash provided by operations $ 410.9 $ 152.4 $ 767.2 $ 282.7 Purchase of property, plant and equipment, net of sales proceeds (263.8) (32.5) (482.2) (69.2) Free cash flow (non-GAAP) $ 147.1 $ 119.9 $ 285.0 $ 213.5 GAAP ROIC % 65.8 % 45.0 % 53.9 % 33.2 % Adjusted ROIC % (non-GAAP) 55.5 % 35.5 % 52.5 % 33.3 % (1) The adjustments for taxes represent the tax effects (reflecting applicable effective tax rates) of the non-core items, which include our non-GAAP adjustments above. Our GAAP effective tax rate is calculated as (i) GAAP tax expense divided by (ii) earnings from operations minus finance costs, net of interest income, and Miscellaneous Expense (Income) recorded on our statements of operations. Our adjusted effective tax rate (non-GAAP) is calculated as (i) adjusted tax expense (non-GAAP) divided by (ii) adjusted operating earnings (non-GAAP) minus finance costs, net of interest income. The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, our calculation of GAAP effective tax rate and adjusted effective tax rate (non-GAAP): 43 Three months ended Six months ended June 30 June 30 2026 2025 2026 2025 GAAP tax expense $ 72.8 $ 46.3 $ 116.8 $ 73.8 Earnings from operations $ 458.3 $ 272.5 $ 730.4 $ 401.3 Finance costs (21.2) (14.4) (39.2) (29.4) Interest income 3.8 0.9 5.8 2.2 Miscellaneous Income (Expense) 0.7 (1.7) 0.9 (3.1) $ 441.6 $ 257.3 $ 697.9 $ 371.0 GAAP effective tax rate 16 % 18 % 17 % 20 % Adjusted tax expense (non-GAAP) $ 73.5 $ 40.0 $ 133.2 $ 74.0 Adjusted operating earnings (non-GAAP) $ 386.3 $ 214.7 $ 711.5 $ 402.5 Finance costs (21.2) (14.4) (39.2) (29.4) Interest income 3.8 0.9 5.8 2.2 $ 368.9 $ 201.2 $ 678.1 $ 375.3 Adjusted effective tax rate (non-GAAP) 20 % 20 % 20 % 20 % The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, our calculation of GAAP ROIC % and non-GAAP adjusted ROIC % (in millions, except GAAP ROIC % and non-GAAP adjusted ROIC %): Three months ended Six months ended June 30 June 30 2026 2025 2026 2025 GAAP earnings from operations $ 458.3 $ 272.5 $ 730.4 $ 401.3 Multiplier to annualize earnings 4 4 2 2 Annualized GAAP earnings from operations $ 1,833.2 $ 1,090.0 $ 1,460.8 $ 802.6 Average net invested capital for the period* $ 2,786.6 $ 2,419.9 $ 2,711.8 $ 2,418.2 GAAP ROIC % 65.8 % 45.0 % 53.9 % 33.2 % Three months ended Six months ended June 30 June 30 2026 2025 2026 2025 Adjusted operating earnings (adjusted EBIAT) (non-GAAP) $ 386.3 $ 214.7 $ 711.5 $ 402.5 Multiplier to annualize earnings 4 4 2 2 Annualized adjusted EBIAT (non-GAAP) $ 1,545.2 $ 858.8 $ 1,423.0 $ 805.0 Average net invested capital for the period* $ 2,786.6 $ 2,419.9 $ 2,711.8 $ 2,418.2 Adjusted ROIC % (non-GAAP) 55.5 % 35.5 % 52.5 % 33.3 % 44 June 30 2026 March 31 2026 December 31 2025 Net invested capital consists of: Total assets $ 9,787.6 $ 8,260.0 $ 7,213.1 Less: cash 535.7 378.0 595.6 Less: ROU assets (operating and finance leases) 218.5 199.9 173.1 Less: A/P, accrued and other current liabilities and provisions (excluding finance and operating lease liabilities) and income taxes payable 6,120.7 5,021.7 3,882.0 Net invested capital at period end* $ 2,912.7 $ 2,660.4 $ 2,562.4 June 30 2025 March 31 2025 December 31 2024 Net invested capital consists of: Total assets $ 6,241.1 $ 5,834.9 $ 5,988.2 Less: cash 313.8 303.0 423.3 Less: ROU assets (operating and finance leases) 174.9 178.6 180.8 Less: A/P, accrued and other current liabilities and provisions (excluding finance and operating lease liabilities) and income taxes payable 3,265.7 3,000.3 2,969.2 Net invested capital at period end* $ 2,486.7 $ 2,353.0 $ 2,414.9 * We use a two-point average to calculate average net invested capital for the quarter and a three-point average to calculate average net invested capital for the six-month period. Average net invested capital for Q2 2026 is the average of net invested capital at June 30, 2026 and March 31, 2026 and average net invested capital for 1H 2026 is the average of net invested capital at June 30, 2026, March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025.