JinkoSolar On February 25, 2025, First Solar filed suit in the district court for the District of Delaware asserting that JinkoSolar Holding Co., Ltd.; Jinko Solar Co., Ltd.; Jinko Solar (Vietnam) Industries Co. Ltd.; Jinko Solar Technology Sdn. Bhd.; Zhejiang Jinko Solar Co., Ltd.; JinkoSolar (U.S.) Holding Inc.; JinkoSolar (U.S.) Inc.; Jinko Solar (U.S.) Manufacturing Inc.; and Jinko Solar (U.S.) Industries Inc. (collectively, “JinkoSolar”) directly and indirectly infringe a First Solar patent through JinkoSolar’s manufacture, import, use, sale, and offering for sale of certain tunnel oxide passivated contact (“TOPCon”) solar products. First Solar alleges that the JinkoSolar TOPCon products contain solar cells manufactured using a method claimed in the patent. First Solar seeks both monetary damages and injunctive relief. On June 27, 2025, JinkoSolar filed an answer to the complaint and counterclaims asserting that the patent-in-suit is not valid and that it is not infringed by JinkoSolar. On July 18, 2025, First Solar filed an answer to the counterclaims. On April 2, 2026, the case was stayed until the determination of the USITC in Investigation No. 337-TA 1494 becomes final. On July 18, 2025, JinkoSolar Co. Ltd. filed an inter partes review before the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (the “USPTO”) alleging First Solar’s patent asserted in the District of Delaware litigation (the “’074 Patent”) is invalid over certain prior art. On September 29, 2025, First Solar filed a brief requesting that the inter partes review be discretionarily denied. On November 20, 2025, the U.S. Patent Trial and Appeal Board declined the petition, ending the proceeding. On December 15, 2025, JinkoSolar filed a petition for an ex parte reexamination of First Solar’s ‘074 patent. On February 3, 2026, the USPTO granted the request for ex parte reexamination. On April 3, 2026, First Solar filed a petition to terminate the ex parte reexamination. Mundra On April 15, 2025, Mundra Solar PV Limited (“Mundra”) filed suit in the district court of the District of Delaware seeking declaratory judgment that it does not infringe two of First Solar’s patents (the ’074 Patent and the ’732 Patent) through its manufacture, import, use, sale, and offering for sale of certain TOPCon solar products. On August 1, 2025, First Solar filed an answer to the complaint and pleaded counterclaims alleging that Mundra as well as its affiliates Mundra Solar Energy Ltd., Adani Solar USA Inc., Adani Solar USA LLC, and Adani Solar infringe the two First Solar patents. On September 22, 2025, Mundra filed an answer to First Solar’s counterclaims and added counterclaims asserting that the First Solar patents are invalid. On October 3, 2025, Adani Solar USA Inc. and Adani Solar USA LLC (collectively, “Adani Solar USA”) filed a motion to dismiss First Solar’s counterclaims with respect to Adani Solar USA. On October 8, 2025, First Solar filed an answer to Mundra’s counterclaims. First Solar filed an opposition to the motion to dismiss on October 17, 2025, and Adani Solar USA filed a reply brief on October 24, 2025. On March 27, 2026, the case was stayed until the determination of the USITC in Investigation No. 337-TA 1494 becomes final. On August 15, 2025, Mundra filed an inter partes review before the USPTO alleging that First Solar’s ’732 Patent is invalid over certain prior art. On October 17, 2025, First Solar filed a brief requesting that the inter partes review be discretionarily denied. On December 11, 2025, the U.S. Patent Trial and Appeal Board declined the petition, ending the proceeding. On December 19, 2025, Mundra filed a petition for an ex parte reexamination of First Solar’s ‘074 patent. On February 10, 2026, the USPTO granted the request for ex parte reexamination. On April 10, 2026, First Solar filed a petition to terminate the ex parte reexamination. 52 Table of Contents Canadian Solar On May 9, 2025, First Solar filed suit in the district court for the District of Delaware asserting that Canadian Solar Inc.; CSI Solar Co., Ltd.; Canadian Solar Manufacturing (Thailand) Co., Ltd.; Canadian Solar International Limited; Canadian Solar (USA) Inc.; and Canadian Solar US Module Manufacturing Corporation (collectively, “Canadian Solar”) directly and indirectly infringe a First Solar patent through Canadian Solar’s manufacture, import, use, sale, and offering for sale of certain TOPCon solar products. First Solar alleges that the Canadian Solar TOPCon products contain solar cells manufactured using a method claimed in the patent. First Solar seeks both monetary damages and injunctive relief. On August 11, 2025, Canadian Solar filed an answer to the complaint. On July 30, 2026, the case was stayed until the determination of the USITC in Investigation No. 337-TA 1494 becomes final. On August 22, 2025, Canadian Solar (USA) Inc. filed an inter partes review before the USPTO alleging that First Solar’s ’074 Patent is invalid over certain prior art. On October 24, 2025, First Solar filed a brief requesting that the inter partes review be discretionarily denied. On December 18, 2025, the U.S. Patent Trial and Appeal Board declined the petition, ending the proceeding. Trina Solar On February 27, 2026, First Solar filed suit in the district court for the District of Delaware asserting that Trina Solar Co., Ltd.; Trina Solar (U.S.) Inc.; Trina Solar Energy Development Company Ltd.; Trina Solar Science & Technology (Thailand) Ltd.; Changzhou Trina Solar Energy Co., Ltd.; and Trina Solar Yiwu Technology Co., Ltd. (collectively, “Trina Solar”) directly and indirectly infringe a First Solar patent through Trina Solar’s manufacture, import, use, sale, and offering for sale of certain TOPCon solar products. First Solar alleges that the Trina Solar TOPCon products contain solar cells manufactured using a method claimed in the patent. First Solar seeks both monetary damages and injunctive relief. On March 31, 2026 the case was stayed until the determination of the USITC in Investigation No. 337-TA 1494 becomes final. USITC Proceeding On February 24, 2026, First Solar filed a petition with the USITC asserting that entities affiliated with Axitec Solar, Canadian Solar, JA Solar, JinkoSolar, Mundra, Philadelphia Solar, Hanwha QCells, Runergy, Trina Solar, and VSUN (collectively, the “Respondents”) directly and indirectly infringe a First Solar patent through the importation and sale of certain TOPCon solar products. First Solar alleges that the Respondents’ TOPCon solar products contain solar cells manufactured using a method claimed in the patent. First Solar seeks a general exclusion order preventing the importation of infringing TOPCon solar products made by any foreign entity or, in the alternative seeks a limited exclusion order preventing the importation of infringing TOPCon products by the Respondents. In addition, First Solar seeks a cease-and-desist order preventing the sale of infringing TOPCon products that were previously imported. On March 25, 2026, the USITC instituted an investigation, Investigation No. 337-TA 1494, as requested by First Solar’s petition. On April 14, 2026, BYD America LLC (“BYD”) filed a motion to intervene as a respondent in the investigation. On April 27, 2026, BYD’s motion was granted. On April 28, 2026, Tesla filed a motion to intervene as a respondent in the investigation. On May 11, 2026, Tesla’s motion was granted. On May 29, 2026, IC Star Solar (USA) LLC (“Imperial Star”) filed a motion to intervene as a respondent to the investigation. On June 25, 2026, the administrative law judge (“ALJ”) issued an initial determination granting Imperial Star’s motion to intervene. The USITC has until July 27, 2026 to review the ALJ’s initial determination. The hearing is scheduled to commence on February 16, 2027. A preliminary ruling is expected in May 2027 and a final ruling in September 2027. 53 Table of Contents Customer Contract Dispute On September 30, 2025, First Solar filed a complaint in the Supreme Court of the State of New York asserting that BP Solar Holding LLC and its affiliate Lightsource Renewable Energy Trading, LLC (together, the “Defendants”) breached their contractual obligations with First Solar, having entered into various master supply agreements to purchase solar modules from First Solar and then refusing to pay the amounts owed under the master supply agreements. As a result of the failure to cure such breaches, First Solar terminated the various master supply agreements, which triggered certain contractual termination payment provisions amounting to $384.6 million, of which First Solar recognized $61.0 million in revenue during the quarter related to advance payments previously received from the Defendants. First Solar seeks monetary damages, demanding payment from the Defendants for the remaining termination payments of $323.6 million along with certain other receivables for solar modules previously delivered to the Defendants. The Defendants’ answers to the complaint were filed on December 5, 2025, which included denials of First Solar’s claims and a series of counterclaims related to the performance of modules previously sold to Defendants and claimed breaches of existing contracts. Defendants’ have demanded damages in the amount of $175 million plus the return of $15 million credit support taken by First Solar. We do not believe the Defendants have a legal basis for these counterclaims. On February 10, 2026, First Solar filed and served a motion seeking dismissal of each of the Defendants’ counterclaims. Oral argument of the Motion to Dismiss has been scheduled for July 29, 2026. See Note 11. “Commitments and Contingencies” under the heading “Legal Proceedings” of our condensed consolidated financial statements for other legal proceedings and related matters.