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We have evaluated our risk factors and determined there are no changes to those set forth in Part I, Item 1A. of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025, and filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 26, 2026 other than the following additional risk factors resulting from our acquisition of Sun Country.
Our cargo business is concentrated with Amazon, and any decrease in volumes or increase in costs, or a termination of the ATSA, could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and prospects.
Cargo revenue under the ATSA represented approximately 16.4 percent of Sun Country’s total operating revenues for the stub period, and this cargo revenue consisted entirely of air cargo transportation services provided to Amazon under the ATSA. The ATSA does not require a minimum amount of flying and Amazon is permitted to decrease flying volume at any time. Our cargo business would decline if Amazon’s use of our cargo services decreases for any reason, including due to general economic conditions or preferences of Amazon and its customers. A decline in our cargo business would materially adversely affect our business, results of operations, and prospects.
In addition, the profitability of the ATSA is dependent on our ability to manage and accurately predict costs. Our projections of operating costs, crew productivity and maintenance expenses contain key assumptions, including flight hours, aircraft reliability, crew member productivity, compensation and benefits and maintenance costs. If actual costs are higher than projected or aircraft reliability is less than expected, or aircraft become damaged and are out of revenue service for repair, the profitability of the ATSA and future operating results may be negatively impacted. We rely on flight crews that are unionized. If our costs are increased under collective bargaining agreements and we cannot recover such increases under the ATSA, our operating results would be negatively impacted, in which case, it may be necessary for us to commit fewer resources to the Sun Country scheduled or charter service, which could limit our expected growth in those areas.
Performance under the ATSA is subject to a number of challenges and uncertainties, such as: unforeseen maintenance and other costs; our ability to hire pilots, crew and other personnel necessary to support our cargo services, which can be impacted by industry-wide staffing shortages; interruptions in the operations under the ATSA as a result of unexpected or unforeseen events, whether as a result of factors within our control or outside of our control; and the level of operations and results of operations, including margins, under the ATSA being less than our current expectations and projections. The ATSA also contains monthly incentive payments for reaching specific on-time arrival performance thresholds and there are monetary penalties for on-time arrival performance below certain thresholds. As a result, our operating revenues may vary from period-to-period depending on the achievement of monthly incentives or the imposition of penalties. We do not currently meet the reliability standards to avoid penalties under the ATSA. Further, we could be found in default of the ATSA if we do not maintain certain minimum thresholds over a period of time. If we are placed in default due to the failure to maintain reliability thresholds, Amazon may elect to terminate all or part of the services we provide. Amazon may also terminate the ATSA for convenience, subject to certain notice requirements and payment of a termination fee. The ATSA is also subject to two, two-year extension options, which Amazon may choose not to exercise.
To the extent our volume of flying for Amazon decreases or costs associated with our cargo business increase, or if the ATSA is terminated for any reason, our business, results of operations and prospects could be materially and adversely affected.
The Sun Country business is significantly tied to and consolidated in its main hub in Minneapolis-St. Paul (MSP), and any decrease in traffic in this hub could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and brand.
The Sun Country airline service is concentrated around our hub in MSP and our business is impacted by economic and geophysical factors of this region. We maintain a large presence in MSP as approximately 93% of Sun Country’s 2025 scheduled service capacity, as measured by ASMs, had MSP as either their origin or destination. Flight operations in Minneapolis can face extreme weather challenges in all seasons, but especially in the winter which at times has resulted in severe disruptions in our operation and the incurrence of material costs as a consequence of such disruptions. Our business could be further harmed by an increase in the amount of direct competition we face in the Minneapolis market or by continued or increased congestion, delays or cancellations. For instance, MSP is also a significant hub for Delta Air Lines. If we were to experience increased competition from LCCs or ULCCs, or increased competition on low-fare products from Delta Air Lines or another legacy network airline in the Minneapolis market, our business, results of operations and prospects could be materially adversely affected.
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Our business would also be negatively impacted by any circumstances causing a reduction in demand for air transportation in the Minneapolis area, such as adverse changes in local economic conditions, local regulations and/or mandates, health concerns, adverse weather conditions, negative public perception of Minneapolis, riots, social unrest, terrorist attacks or significant price or tax increases linked to increases in airport access costs and fees imposed on passengers.
We currently operate out of Terminal 2 at MSP. Our access to use our existing gates and other facilities in Terminal 2 is not guaranteed. We cannot assure you that our continued use of our facilities at MSP will be on acceptable terms with respect to operations and cost of operations, or at all, or that our ongoing use of these facilities will not include increased fees.
Political and economic instability in the international markets Sun Country operates as well as income and other taxes could negatively affect our business and operating results due to our international operations.
Some of Sun Country’s existing and targeted growth international markets include countries with less developed economies, legal systems, financial markets and business and political environments that are vulnerable to economic and political disruptions, such as significant fluctuations in gross domestic product, interest and currency exchange rates, civil disturbances, government instability, nationalization and expropriation of private assets, trafficking and the imposition of charges by governments, as well as health and safety concerns. The occurrence of any of these events in markets served by us now or in the future and the resulting instability may have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
Due to operating in multiple jurisdictions we may also become subject to a wide range of income and other taxes. Further, any changes in tax laws in any of the jurisdictions in which we are subject to tax, such as increases in tax rates or limitations on our ability to deduct certain expenses from taxable income could materially affect our tax obligations.
Our ability to use Sun Country's net operating loss carryforwards to offset future taxable income for U.S. federal and state income tax purposes may be limited as a result of previous ownership changes, this acquisition or taxable income failing to reach sufficient levels.
As of the acquisition closing date, Sun Country recognized an estimated $77.8 million federal net operating loss carryforwards (“NOLs”) which may be carried forward indefinitely, and an estimated $4.0 million of state NOLs which begin to expire in 2033.
Our ability to realize the benefit of these federal and state net operating loss will be impacted by the limitation imposed by Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code (the “Code”). As a result of our acquisition of Sun Country, Sun Country has experienced an “ownership change” as defined by Section 382 which imposes an annual limitation on the amount of the pre-ownership change NOLs we may utilize. The annual base limitation is determined based on the value of the corporation before the ownership change multiplied by the applicable long-term tax-exempt rate and may be increased or decreased by Sun Country’s built-in-gain or built-in-loss at the time of the ownership change. Any unused annual limitation may be carried over to subsequent taxable years with certain limitations.
A section 382 study is in progress but based on the initial assessment, we do not believe the Section 382 limitations will significantly impact our ability to utilize these NOLs in future periods.