We are involved in various investigations, lawsuits, claims, demands, labor disputes and other legal proceedings, including with respect to environmental and human exposure or other personal injury matters, arising out of or incidental to the conduct of our business. While it is not possible to determine the ultimate disposition of each of these matters and proceedings, we do not believe that their ultimate disposition will have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows. Additionally, we are involved in the following legal proceeding: Brazil Clause IV Pending litigation in Brazil has been brought by employees seeking to recover additional amounts and interest thereon under certain wage increase provisions applicable in 1989 and 1990 under collective bargaining agreements to which employers in the Bahia region of Brazil were a party (including our subsidiary in Brazil). Companies in Brazil have settled claims arising out of these provisions and, in May 2015, the litigation was remanded by the Brazilian Supreme Court in favor of the employees union. After denying an interim appeal by the Bahia region employers on June 26, 2019, the Brazilian Supreme Court finally ruled in favor of the employees union on September 26, 2019. The employers union has determined not to seek annulment of such decision. Separately, on October 1, 2015, a related action was filed by current and former employees against our subsidiary in Brazil to recover amounts under such provisions, plus interest thereon, and such amounts together with interest could be material to us. If the Brazilian Supreme Court proceeding above had been determined in favor of the employers union, it would also have resolved this proceeding in our favor. In the first quarter of 2017, the lower state court initially ruled in favor of the employees. GrafTech Brazil appealed, and the appeal was rejected by the labor court of appeal. GrafTech Brazil filed a further appeal to the Superior Labor Court (“TST”). The 5th Panel of the TST reversed the prior decisions, holding that the Labor Union’s claim was fully time barred. The employees filed a further appeal, and, on September 12, 2022, we filed our response in opposition. On March 19, 2026, the SDI-I at the TST granted the appeal filed by the employees to reject one of the statute of limitations defenses argued by GrafTech Brazil and remanded the case to the 5th Panel for further adjudication on secondary defenses. On May 8, 2026, GrafTech Brazil filed a motion for clarification at the SDI-1 of the TST. While GrafTech Brazil's appeal is pending, the Labor Union applied for the provisional enforcement to quantify the compensation to be paid to employees. The proceeding is still in the early stages and no quantification has been made to date. We intend to vigorously defend our position. As of June 30, 2026, we are unable to assess the potential loss associated with these proceedings as the claims do not currently specify the number of employees seeking damages or the amount of damages being sought.