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Our operations and financial results are subject to various risks and uncertainties, including those described in Part I, Item 1A. “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025, filed on March 16, 2026, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and the trading price of our common stock. Other than as set forth below, there have been no material changes to the risk factors described in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Risks Related to the Pending Merger with SoundHound
The Mergers may not be completed, and the Amended and Restated Merger Agreement may be terminated in accordance with its terms. Failure to complete the Mergers could negatively impact the price of shares of LivePerson Common Stock, as well as LivePerson’s respective future businesses and financial results.
The Mergers are subject to a number of conditions that must be satisfied, including the approval by LivePerson stockholders of the merger proposal, or, to the extent permitted by applicable law, waived, in each case prior to the completion of the Mergers. These conditions to the completion of the Mergers, some of which are beyond the control of SoundHound and LivePerson, may not be satisfied or waived in a timely manner or at all, and, accordingly, the Mergers may be delayed or may not be completed.
In addition, if the First Merger is not completed by October 21, 2026, or, in certain instances, on or before December 5, 2026, either SoundHound or LivePerson may choose not to proceed with the Mergers by terminating the Amended and
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Restated Merger Agreement, and the parties can mutually decide to terminate the Amended and Restated Merger Agreement at any time, before or after LivePerson stockholder approval. Further, either SoundHound or LivePerson may elect to terminate the Amended and Restated Merger Agreement in certain other circumstances.
If the transactions contemplated by the Amended and Restated Merger Agreement are not completed for any reason, LivePerson’s ongoing business, financial condition and financial results may be adversely affected. Without realizing any of the benefits of having completed the transactions, LivePerson will be subject to a number of risks, including the following:
•LivePerson may be required to pay its costs relating to the transactions, which are substantial, such as legal, accounting, financial advisory and printing fees, whether or not the transactions are completed;
•LivePerson may owe a termination fee of $5 million, plus SoundHound transaction expenses, as further described below;
•time and resources committed by LivePerson’s management to matters relating to the transactions could otherwise have been devoted to pursuing other beneficial opportunities;
•LivePerson may experience negative reactions from financial markets, including negative impacts on the prices of its common stock, including to the extent that the current market price reflects a market assumption that the transactions will be completed;
•LivePerson may experience negative reactions from employees, customers or vendors; and
•since the Amended and Restated Merger Agreement restricts the conduct of LivePerson’s business prior to completion of the Mergers, LivePerson may not have been able to take certain actions during the pendency of the Mergers that would have benefited it as an independent company and the opportunity to take such actions may no longer be available.
If the Amended and Restated Merger Agreement is terminated and the LivePerson board of directors seeks another merger or business combination, LivePerson may not be able to find a party willing to offer equivalent or more attractive consideration than the consideration SoundHound has agreed to provide in the Mergers, or that such other merger or business combination is completed. If the Amended and Restated Merger Agreement is terminated under specified circumstances, LivePerson may be required to pay SoundHound a termination fee of $5 million, plus an additional amount equal to SoundHound’s documented expenses incurred prior to and including the date of the termination of the Amended and Restated Merger Agreement.
LivePerson stockholders that receive SoundHound Common Stock in the First Merger will not receive cash consideration (other than cash in lieu of fractional shares of SoundHound Common Stock) with which to pay any tax liability resulting from the First Merger.
The receipt of SoundHound Common Stock and any cash in lieu of fractional shares of SoundHound Common Stock by LivePerson stockholders entitled to receive the Per Share Merger Consideration in exchange for LivePerson Common Stock in the First Merger is intended to be treated as a taxable transaction for U.S. federal income tax purposes. The amount of gain or loss, if any, recognized by such LivePerson stockholders will vary depending on such LivePerson stockholders’ particular situation, including the fair market value of the SoundHound Common Stock and the amount of any cash in lieu of fractional shares of SoundHound Common Stock received by such LivePerson stockholder in the First Merger, and the adjusted tax basis of the LivePerson Common Stock exchanged by such LivePerson stockholder in the First Merger. LivePerson stockholders that receive SoundHound Common Stock in the First Merger will not receive any cash consideration (other than any cash received in lieu of fractional shares of SoundHound Common Stock) with which to pay any tax liability resulting from the First Merger.
LivePerson will be subject to business uncertainties while the Mergers are pending, which could adversely affect their business.
Uncertainty about the effect of the Mergers on employees, industry contacts and business partners may have an adverse effect on LivePerson. These uncertainties may impair LivePerson’s ability to attract, retain and motivate key personnel until the Mergers are completed and for a period of time thereafter and could cause industry contacts, business partners and others that deal with LivePerson to seek to change their existing business relationships with LivePerson. Employee retention at LivePerson may be particularly challenging during the pendency of the Mergers, as employees may experience uncertainty about their roles with SoundHound following the Mergers. In addition, the Amended and Restated Merger Agreement restricts
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LivePerson from entering into certain corporate transactions and taking other specified actions without the consent of SoundHound. These restrictions may prevent LivePerson from pursuing attractive business opportunities that may arise prior to the completion of the Mergers.
SoundHound and LivePerson will incur significant transaction and merger-related costs in connection with the Mergers, which may be in excess of those anticipated by SoundHound or LivePerson.
Each of SoundHound and LivePerson has incurred and expects to continue to incur a number of non-recurring costs associated with negotiating and completing the Mergers and combining the operations of the two companies. These fees and costs have been, and will continue to be, substantial. The substantial majority of non-recurring expenses will consist of transaction costs related to the Mergers and include, among others, employee retention costs, fees paid to financial, legal and accounting advisors, severance and benefit costs, and filing fees.
SoundHound and LivePerson will also incur transaction fees and costs related to the integration of the companies, which may be substantial. Moreover, each company may incur additional unanticipated expenses in connection with the Mergers and the integration, including costs associated with any stockholder litigation related to the Mergers. Although SoundHound and LivePerson each expect that the elimination of duplicative costs, as well as the realization of other efficiencies related to the integration of the businesses, should allow SoundHound and LivePerson to offset integration-related costs over time, this net benefit may not be achieved in the near term, or at all. For additional information, see the risk factor entitled “The integration of LivePerson and SoundHound may not be as successful as anticipated, and SoundHound may not achieve the intended benefits or do so within the intended timeframe” below.
The costs described above, as well as other unanticipated costs and expenses, could have a material adverse effect on the financial condition and operating results of the combined company following the completion of the Mergers.
The Amended and Restated Merger Agreement limits LivePerson’s ability to pursue alternatives to the Mergers, which may discourage certain other companies from making favorable alternative transaction proposals and, in specified circumstances, could require LivePerson to pay SoundHound a termination fee.
The Amended and Restated Merger Agreement contains provisions that may discourage a third party from submitting a competing proposal to LivePerson that might result in greater value to LivePerson stockholders than the Mergers or, in the event that a third party competing proposal is made, a third party may propose to pay a lower per share price to acquire LivePerson than it might otherwise have proposed to pay. These provisions include a general prohibition on LivePerson soliciting or, subject to certain exceptions relating to the exercise of fiduciary duties by the LivePerson board of directors, entering into discussions with any third party regarding any acquisition proposal. Furthermore, there are only limited exceptions to the requirement under the Amended and Restated Merger Agreement that the LivePerson board of directors not withdraw or modify the LivePerson board of directors recommendation. Although the LivePerson board of directors is permitted to effect a recommendation change, after complying with certain procedures set forth in the Amended and Restated Merger Agreement, in response to certain superior proposals or certain intervening events (if the LivePerson board of directors determines in good faith, after having taken into account the advice of outside legal counsel, that a failure to do so would be inconsistent with its fiduciary duties under applicable law), such recommendation change would entitle SoundHound to terminate the Amended and Restated Merger Agreement and receive a cash termination fee in the amount of $5 million, plus an additional amount equal to SoundHound’s documented transaction expenses incurred prior to and including the date of the termination of the Amended and Restated Merger Agreement.
The integration of LivePerson into SoundHound may not be as successful as anticipated, and SoundHound may not achieve the intended benefits or do so within the intended timeframe.
The Mergers involve numerous operational, strategic, financial, accounting, legal, tax and other risks, potential liabilities associated with the acquired businesses, and uncertainties related to design, operation and integration of LivePerson’s internal control over financial reporting. Difficulties in integrating LivePerson into SoundHound may result in LivePerson performing differently than expected, operational challenges, or the failure to realize anticipated expense-related efficiencies. Potential difficulties that may be encountered in the integration process include, among others:
•the inability to successfully integrate the businesses of LivePerson into SoundHound in a manner that permits SoundHound to achieve the full revenue and cost savings anticipated from the Mergers;
•complexities associated with managing the larger, more complex, integrated business;
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•integrating personnel from the two companies and the loss of key employees;
•potential unknown liabilities and unforeseen expenses, delays or regulatory conditions associated with the Mergers;
•integrating relationships with industry contacts and business partners;
•performance shortfalls as a result of the diversion of management’s attention caused by completing the Mergers and integrating LivePerson’s operations into SoundHound; and
•the disruption of, or the loss of momentum in, ongoing business or inconsistencies in standards, controls, procedures and policies.
Additionally, the success of the Mergers will depend, in part, on SoundHound’s ability to realize the anticipated benefits from combining SoundHound’s and LivePerson’s businesses. The anticipated benefits of the Mergers may not be realized fully or at all, may take longer to realize than expected, or could have other adverse effects that SoundHound does not currently foresee.
Because the value ascribed to the SoundHound Common Stock, the Aggregate Consideration Amount and the Closing TASE Cash Merger Consideration will be subject to adjustment and because the market price of SoundHound Common Stock will fluctuate, LivePerson stockholders cannot be certain of the precise value of the Per Share Merger Consideration they may receive in the First Merger or the Per Share Cash Merger Consideration they may receive in the Second Merger, as applicable.
If the First Merger is completed, at the First Effective Time, each issued and outstanding eligible share of LivePerson Common Stock (other than (i) shares held by LivePerson as treasury shares, (ii) shares held by any subsidiary of LivePerson, (iii) shares held by SoundHound or any subsidiary of SoundHound (such shares described in the foregoing clauses (i) through (iii), “Cancelled LivePerson Shares”) or (iv) TASE Shares) will be converted into the right to receive the Per Share Merger Consideration. The Per Share Merger Consideration is calculated by dividing the Closing Merger Consideration by the total number of shares of LivePerson Common Stock that are issued and outstanding, or that are issuable upon the conversion, exercise or settlement in full of other rights to acquire LivePerson Common Stock, immediately prior to the First Effective Time (other than Cancelled LivePerson Shares and the TASE Shares). The Closing Merger Consideration, being the aggregate amount of consideration payable by SoundHound to holders of LivePerson Common Stock (other than Cancelled LivePerson Shares and TASE Shares) in connection with the First Merger, will be a number of shares of SoundHound Common Stock equal to the quotient of (a) the Aggregate Consideration Amount, divided by (b) the SoundHound Closing Stock Price. The Aggregate Consideration Amount refers to an amount equal to (I) $42,784,532.64, minus (II) the LivePerson Shortfall Cash, plus (III) the aggregate dollar amount of the exercise prices of all In-the-Money Options (other than Assumed Options). LivePerson Shortfall Cash refers to an amount equal to (x) $74,000,000, minus (y) the aggregate principal amount of the 2026 Notes repurchased by LivePerson between April 1, 2026 and the closing date, minus (z) the cash and cash equivalents on LivePerson’s balance sheet as of 12:01 a.m. Pacific Time on the closing date (net of certain LivePerson transaction expenses) (as estimated in accordance with the Amended and Restated Merger Agreement); provided that, if a negative number results from such calculation, LivePerson Shortfall Cash will be $0. The SoundHound Closing Stock Price is subject to a collar and will be the volume-weighted average sales price per share of SoundHound Common Stock on the Nasdaq for each of the ten consecutive trading days ending on (and including) the trading day that is three (3) trading days prior to the Closing Date (the “SoundHound Closing VWAP Stock Price”); provided that it will be no greater than $12.00 and no less than $7.00.
If the Second Merger is completed, at the Second Effective Time, each issued and outstanding eligible TASE Share (other than any Dissenting Shares) will be converted into the right to receive the Per Share Cash Merger Consideration. The Per Share Cash Merger Consideration is calculated by dividing the Closing TASE Cash Merger Consideration by the Fully Diluted TASE Common Number. The Closing TASE Cash Merger Consideration will be equal to the Closing Merger Consideration, multiplied by the SoundHound Closing VWAP Stock Price, multiplied further by the Closing TASE Merger Consideration Percentage, which will be a figure equal to the total number of TASE Shares issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Second Effective Time, divided by the Fully Diluted Common Number. If the Closing TASE Cash Merger Consideration is greater than $7.5 million, then the Closing TASE Cash Merger Consideration will be deemed to equal $7.5 million.
If the Mergers are completed, there will be a time lapse between each of the date of the proxy statement/prospectus for the special meeting at which LivePerson stockholders vote to approve the merger proposal, the date of the special meeting and the date on which LivePerson stockholders entitled to receive the Per Share Merger Consideration or the Per Share Cash Merger Consideration, as applicable, actually receive the Per Share Merger Consideration or the Per Share Cash Merger Consideration, as applicable. The market value of shares of SoundHound Common Stock will fluctuate, possibly materially, during and after these periods as a result of a variety of factors, including general market and economic conditions, changes in
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SoundHound’s businesses, operations and prospects, and regulatory considerations. Such factors are difficult to predict and, in many cases, may be beyond the control of SoundHound and LivePerson. Furthermore, LivePerson’s cash balance will fluctuate over the interim period. The actual value of any Per Share Merger Consideration or Per Share Cash Merger Consideration, as applicable, received by LivePerson stockholders at the completion of the Mergers will depend in part on the market value of the shares of SoundHound Common Stock and the cash and cash equivalents on LivePerson’s balance sheet at that time and, in the case of the Per Share Cash Merger Consideration, the total number of TASE Shares issued and outstanding at that time. Additionally, if the market value of the SoundHound shares exceeds $12.00 or is less than $7.00 at the relevant measurement time before Closing, the SoundHound Closing Stock Price used to determine the number of shares of SoundHound Common Stock the LivePerson stockholders will be entitled to receive in the First Merger will be adjusted. Consequently, at the time LivePerson stockholders decide whether to approve the merger proposal, they will not know the actual market value of the Per Share Merger Consideration or the Per Share Cash Merger Consideration, as applicable, they will receive when the Mergers are completed. For additional information about the merger consideration, please see Note 1 to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
LivePerson stockholders who receive the Per Share Merger Consideration will have a reduced ownership and voting interest in the combined company after the First Merger compared to their current ownership in LivePerson and will exercise less influence over the combined company’s management, and LivePerson stockholders who receive the Per Share Cash Merger Consideration as a result of the Second Merger will not have any ownership or voting interest in the combined company after the Second Merger.
Currently, LivePerson stockholders have the right to vote in the election of the LivePerson board of directors and the power to approve or reject any matters requiring stockholder approval under Delaware law and the LivePerson organizational documents. Upon completion of the First Merger, each LivePerson stockholder who receives shares of SoundHound Common Stock in the First Merger will become a stockholder of SoundHound with a percentage ownership of SoundHound that is smaller than such LivePerson stockholder’s current percentage ownership of LivePerson. Based on the number of issued and outstanding shares of SoundHound Common Stock and LivePerson Common Stock and LivePerson Options as of July 6, 2026, and assuming there is no cash adjustment to the Aggregate Consideration Amount and the Closing Merger Consideration is approximately 3.0 million to 5.1 million shares of SoundHound Common Stock, after the First Merger LivePerson stockholders who receive the Per Share Merger Consideration are expected to become owners of approximately 1.5% to 0.9% of the outstanding shares of SoundHound Common Stock. Even if all former LivePerson stockholders voted together on all matters presented to SoundHound stockholders from time to time, the former LivePerson stockholders would exercise significantly less influence over the management and policies of SoundHound after the Mergers than they now have on the management and policies of LivePerson.
SoundHound and LivePerson may be targets of securities class action and derivative lawsuits that could result in substantial costs and may delay or prevent the Mergers from being completed.
Securities class action lawsuits and derivative lawsuits are often brought against public companies that have entered into merger agreements. Even if the lawsuits are without merit, defending against these claims can result in substantial costs and divert management time and resources. An adverse judgment could result in monetary damages, which could have a negative impact on SoundHound’s and LivePerson’s respective liquidity and financial condition. Any such lawsuit could also seek, among other things, injunctive relief or other equitable relief, including a request to rescind parts of the Amended and Restated Merger Agreement already implemented or to otherwise enjoin the parties from consummating the Mergers. If a plaintiff is successful in obtaining an injunction prohibiting completion of the Mergers, then that injunction may delay or prevent the Mergers from being completed, which may adversely affect SoundHound’s and LivePerson’s respective business, financial position and results of operations.
One of the conditions to the closing of the Mergers is that no injunction, order or award by any court or governmental entity having jurisdiction over any party has been entered and continues to be in effect and no law has been adopted or is effective, in either case, that prohibits or makes illegal the consummation of the Mergers. Consequently, if a lawsuit is filed and a plaintiff is successful in obtaining an injunction prohibiting consummation of the Mergers, then that injunction may delay or prevent the Mergers from being completed within the expected timeframe or at all, which may adversely affect SoundHound’s and LivePerson’s respective business, financial position, and results of operations.
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