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Item 3 — Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Medical Properties Trust Inc · 10-Q · Q2 FY2026 · Period ended Jun 30, 2026
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Market risk includes risks that arise from changes in interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates, commodity prices, equity prices, and other market changes that affect market-sensitive instruments. We seek to mitigate the effects of fluctuations in interest rates by matching the terms of new investments with new long-term fixed rate borrowings to the extent possible. We may or may not elect to use financial derivative instruments to hedge interest rate or foreign currency exposure. For interest rate hedging, these decisions are principally based on our policy to match investments with comparable borrowings, but are also based on the general trend in interest rates at the applicable dates and our perception of the future volatility of interest rates. For foreign currency hedging, these decisions are principally based on how our investments are financed, the long-term nature of our investments, the need to repatriate earnings back to the U.S., and the general trend in foreign currency exchange rates.
In addition, the value of our facilities will be subject to fluctuations based on changes in local and regional economic conditions and changes in the ability of our tenants to generate profits.
Our primary exposure to market risks relates to fluctuations in interest rates and foreign currency. The following analyses present the sensitivity of the market value, earnings, and cash flows of our significant financial instruments to hypothetical changes in interest rates and exchange rates as if these changes had occurred. The hypothetical changes chosen for these analyses reflect our view of changes that are reasonably possible over a one-year period. These forward-looking disclosures are selective in nature and only address the potential impact from these hypothetical changes. They do not include other potential effects which could impact our business as a result of changes in market conditions. In addition, they do not include measures we may take to minimize our exposure such as entering into future interest rate swaps to hedge against interest rate increases on our variable rate debt.
Interest Rate Sensitivity
For fixed rate debt, interest rate changes affect the fair market value but do not impact net income to common stockholders or cash flows. Conversely, for floating rate debt, interest rate changes generally do not affect the fair market value but do impact net income to common stockholders and cash flows, assuming other factors are held constant. At June 30, 2026, our outstanding debt totaled $9.8 billion (excluding the effects of any discount or debt issue costs recorded), which consisted of fixed-rate debt of approximately $8.9 billion and variable rate debt of $0.9 billion. If market interest rates increase or decrease by 10% on our fixed rate debt, the fair value of our debt at June 30, 2026 would decrease or increase by approximately $216 million. Changes in the fair value of our fixed rate debt will not have any impact on us unless we decided to repurchase the debt in the open market.
If market rates of interest on our variable rate debt increase by 10%, the increase in annual interest expense on our variable rate debt would decrease future earnings and cash flows by $5.5 million per year. If market rates of interest on our variable rate debt decrease by 10%, the decrease in interest expense on our variable rate debt would increase future earnings and cash flows by $5.5 million per year. This assumes that the average amount outstanding under our variable rate debt for a year is $0.9 billion, the balance of such variable rate debt at June 30, 2026.
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Foreign Currency Sensitivity
With our investments in the U.K., Germany, Spain, Italy, Portugal, Switzerland, Finland, and Colombia, we are subject to fluctuations in the British pound, euro, Swiss franc, and Colombian peso to U.S. dollar currency exchange rates. Although we generally deem investments in these countries to be of a long-term nature, are typically able to match any non-U.S. dollar borrowings with investments in such currencies, and historically have not needed to repatriate a material amount of earnings back to the U.S., increases or decreases in the value of the respective non-U.S. dollar currencies to U.S. dollar exchange rates may impact our financial condition and/or our results of operations. Based on our 2026 results to-date, a 10% increase or decrease in exchange rates would decrease or increase our net loss by $8.9 million.