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The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the attached interim condensed consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, as well as our audited consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto and management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2025 included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on March 2, 2026 and with the securities commissions in all provinces and territories of Canada on March 2, 2026. This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, including the following sections, contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results and events to differ materially from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. As a result of many factors, including without limitation those set forth under “Risk Factors” under Item 1A of Part II below, and elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, our actual results may differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements. We caution the reader not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which reflect management’s analysis only as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. We undertake no obligation to update forward-looking statements which reflect events or circumstances occurring after the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, except as required by law.
Overview
Zymeworks Inc. (“Parent”) together with its subsidiaries (collectively the “Company” or “Zymeworks”) is a global biotechnology company managing a portfolio of licensed healthcare assets and developing a diverse pipeline of novel, multifunctional biotherapeutics to improve the standard of care for difficult-to-treat conditions, including cancer, inflammation, and autoimmune disease. We believe our asset and royalty aggregation strategy differentiates us from other biotechnology companies because it provides us with an opportunity to optimize future milestone and royalty cash flows and selectively invest in high-quality assets while retaining the flexibility to return capital to stockholders.
We commenced operations in 2003 and have since devoted substantially all of our resources to research and development activities including developing our therapeutic platforms, identifying and developing potential product candidates and undertaking preclinical studies and clinical trials. Additionally, we have supported our research and development activities with general and administrative support, as well as by raising capital, conducting business planning and protecting our intellectual property. Other than the receipt of royalties on sales of zanidatamab and regulatory milestone payments relating to the regulatory approval of zanidatamab, we have not generated any revenue related to product approvals or the sale of approved products as of June 30, 2026. Other than the anticipated receipt of additional royalties and potential regulatory milestone payments relating to future regulatory decisions and sales of zanidatamab, we do not expect to generate any revenue related to product approvals or the sale of approved products until such time as we or our strategic partners’ obtain regulatory approval and commercialize one or more of our product candidates, or we acquire commercial products or sales revenue pursuant to a strategic transaction, such as our proposed acquisition of Theravance Biopharma, Inc. (“Theravance”) . We cannot be certain of the timing or success of approval of our product candidates.
Since our initial public offering (“IPO”) in 2017, we have funded our operations primarily through follow-on public offerings, and private placements including the issuance of pre-funded warrants, and payments received under our license and collaboration agreements, and non-recourse royalty financing. Payments received or receivables from our license and collaboration agreements include upfront fees, milestone and royalty payments, as well as research support and reimbursement payments. Prior to our IPO, we also received financing from private equity placements and the issuance of convertible debt, which was subsequently converted into equity securities, and a credit facility. From inception to June 30, 2026, we received $1,283.1 million, net of equity issuance costs, from these sources of financing including proceeds from exercises of stock options and employee stock purchase plans. As of June 30, 2026, we had $322.5 million of cash resources consisting of cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities.
Although it is difficult to predict our funding requirements, based upon our current operating plan, we anticipate that our existing cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities as of June 30, 2026, will enable us to fund our operating expenditures and capital expenditure requirements for at least the next twelve months from the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q is filed with the SEC.
We reported a net loss of $89.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2026 and as of June 30, 2026, we had an accumulated deficit of $1,171.2 million. We expect to continue to incur operating losses in the near to medium term as we execute our strategic plan announced in 2025, which emphasizes disciplined capital allocation, focused research and development investment, advancement of partnered programs, and active management of our royalty and asset portfolio. Our operating expense outlook
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reflects a multi-year planning framework designed to align spending with defined strategic priorities, including pipeline progression, technology platform advancement, and value-enhancing business development activities. We are prioritizing investments where we believe risk-adjusted returns are most attractive and expect operating expenses to be managed within this structured framework.
Our Strategy
Our strategy is focused on compounding long-term stockholder value through a combination of royalty growth, strategic acquisitions, and internal innovation, supported by disciplined capital allocation and a strengthened financial foundation through expected milestone payments and royalties from existing commercial partners. We pursue this strategy by discovering or acquiring and developing a diversified portfolio of preclinical or clinical healthcare assets while also evaluating strategic partnership opportunities to transfer certain costs and risks related to clinical development and/or commercialization to our strategic partners and secure the right to receive potential future royalty and milestone revenues. The following elements collectively support the execution of our strategy:
Royalty Portfolio and Cash Flow Generation
Through our asset and royalty aggregation strategy, we seek to optimize future cash flows from a growing portfolio of licensed products and product candidates, including Ziihera (zanidatamab-hrii) and pasritamig. As partnered therapies advance through late-stage development and commercialization, we expect to grow durable and predictable cash flows that can be deployed by us in order to seek attractive risk-adjusted returns for stockholders.
Strategic Acquisitions
We intend to evaluate and selectively acquire programs, technologies, product candidates and/or companies with high-quality assets or partnerships that align with our strategic objectives. By applying our scientific expertise, development capabilities, and operational efficiencies, we seek to enhance asset value and generate new royalty or cash flow streams. In evaluating acquisition opportunities, we consider multiple factors, including:
•Strategic fit;
•Royalty or cash flow potential;
•Differentiated assets or platform;
•Potential to address an unmet medical need;
•Adequate intellectual property protection; and
•Favorable cash or tax attributes.
Strategic Partnerships and Risk-Sharing
Partnerships and collaborations are central to our strategy as a potential source of funding for ongoing research and development while also reducing reliance on internal capital for later-stage clinical development of partnered assets. These arrangements enable risk sharing, particularly in late-stage development, and support disciplined R&D investment, which can reduce the need to use future milestone and royalty payments to fund planned operations.
Proprietary Technology Platforms and R&D Engine
We seek to leverage our expertise in protein engineering and drug chemistry to discover and develop next-generation antibody-based therapeutics to address significant unmet medical needs, particularly in hard-to-treat diseases. Our proprietary structure-guided molecular modeling, combined with internal antibody discovery and generation technologies, supports a fully integrated drug development engine capable of efficiently advancing a pipeline of innovative product candidates.
Our pipeline of multifunctional therapeutics is supported by our multispecific antibody therapeutics (“MSATs”) and antibody-drug conjugates (“ADCs”) technology platforms, which enable the development of novel therapeutics in cancer, inflammation, and autoimmune disease and create opportunities for new partnerships.
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Stockholder Returns and Capital Allocation Discipline
Our capital allocation strategy is focused on balancing investment in long-term growth with returning capital to stockholders. As our royalty portfolio matures and generates excess capital beyond the needs of our operations and strategic investments, we maintain the flexibility to opportunistically allocate capital to stock repurchases. We view stock repurchases as a potential tool to strategically reduce our share count and enhance total stockholder return over time, while continuing to prioritize investments that can help support sustainable value creation. Decisions regarding capital returns are evaluated within the context of our liquidity position, future cash flow outlook, and overall strategic objectives.
Royalty and Milestone Opportunities
Zanidatamab (Ziihera)
We maintain a portfolio of partnered programs that leverage our technology platforms and scientific expertise while enabling risk-sharing and the potential for near-term milestone and royalty-based returns.
Zanidatamab, our first internally developed product candidate to receive regulatory approval, illustrates the execution of this partnership-based approach. Ziihera (zanidatamab-hrii), a bispecific antibody targeting HER2-expressing tumors developed using our Azymetric platform, has demonstrated positive late-stage clinical results and achieved regulatory approvals for the treatment of previously treated, unresectable or metastatic HER2-positive (“HER2+”) (IHC 3+) biliary tract cancer (“BTC”) in multiple jurisdictions including the United States, China, Europe and Canada. We have entered into separate collaboration and license agreements with BeOne Medicines Ltd. (formerly BeiGene, Ltd. and, together with its affiliates, “BeOne”) and Jazz Pharmaceuticals Ireland Limited, a subsidiary of Jazz Pharmaceuticals plc (collectively with their affiliates, “Jazz”), granting each partner exclusive rights to develop and commercialize zanidatamab in different territories. Jazz has completed the supplementary biologic license application (“sBLA”) submission for zanidatamab in the first quarter of 2026 for the treatment of first-line ("1L") HER2+ locally advanced or metastatic gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma (“GEA”) under the real-time oncology review program in the United States, where zanidatamab has been granted Breakthrough Therapy Designation for patients with HER2+ GEA. In April 2026, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration ("FDA") accepted the sBLA filing for Ziihera® (zanidatamab-hrii) combinations for the first-line treatment of adult patients with HER2+ unresectable locally advanced or metastatic gastric, gastroesophageal junction ("GEJ"), or GEA for priority review with a PDUFA date of August 25, 2026. In April 2026, BeOne announced that the U.S. FDA has granted Priority Review to a sBLA for TEVIMBRA® (tislelizumab) in combination with ZIIHERA® (zanidatamab) and chemotherapy for the first-line treatment of unresectable locally advanced/metastatic HER2+ gastric, gastroesophageal junction, or esophageal adenocarcinoma. In April 2026, BeOne also received acceptance for the filing of the sBLA for zanidatamab by the Center for Drug Evaluation of the China National Medical Products Administration (“NMPA”) to seek approval for zanidatamab for the first-line treatment for HER2+ locally advanced or metastatic GEA, including cancers of the stomach, gastroesophageal junction, and esophagus. Additionally, zanidatamab is currently being evaluated in multiple global clinical trials for treatment of broader HER2-expressing indications including early and late-line breast cancer and other HER2-expressing cancers. The U.S. FDA has also granted Breakthrough Therapy Designation for zanidatamab, for the treatment of adults with previously treated, locally advanced, unresectable, or metastatic HER2-positive colorectal cancer. Our partnerships with Jazz and BeOne reflect our strategy of advancing internally discovered programs through collaborations that share development risk while preserving the potential for long-term royalty and milestone revenues.
In addition to $53.0 million already received for regulatory approval of Ziihera in BTC, we are entitled to receive up to $440.0 million in near-term milestone payments from Jazz and BeOne related to approvals of Ziihera in GEA in the United States, Europe, Japan, and China as follows: U.S. - $250.0 million; EU - $100.0 million; Japan - $75.0 million; China - $15.0 million. We also expect that royalty revenue from Ziihera sales will increase as potential regulatory approvals are obtained in global markets for GEA.
We also have the potential to receive milestone payments related to future regulatory approvals in a third indication totaling $89.0 million, collectively, from Jazz and BeOne. For Jazz this includes a $50.0 million milestone payment upon regulatory approval of zanidatamab from the FDA in a third indication and a $25.0 million milestone payment upon regulatory approval of zanidatamab from the European Commission in a third indication. For BeOne this includes $4.0 million payable upon first patient dosed with zanidatamab in a third registrational study in the BeOne's territory and $10.0 million upon approval of zanidatamab by a regulatory authority for the third indication in the BeOne's territory.
In addition, we could be eligible to receive future commercial milestones and increased royalties as additional indications of Ziihera are developed, approved and commercialized by Jazz and BeOne. Under our collaboration agreement with Jazz, we are eligible to receive tiered royalties of ten to high teens percentages on global (outside of Asia (other than Japan), Australia and New Zealand) annual net sales of Ziihera up to $2.0 billion and 20% on annual net sales above $2.0 billion. Under the collaboration agreement with BeOne, we are eligible to receive tiered royalties of mid-single to mid-double digit percentages on
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annual net sales of Ziihera in Asia (other than Japan), Australia and New Zealand up to $1.0 billion and 19.5% on annual net sales above $1.0 billion (with royalty rates increasing by 0.5% when cumulative amounts forgone as a result of a royalty reduction of 0.5% reaches a cap in the low double-digit millions of dollars).
Pasritamig (JNJ-78278343)
Pasritamig is a first-in-class, bispecific T cell engager (“TCE”) targeting human kallikrein 2 (“KLK2”), and was engineered using Zymeworks’ Azymetric platform. Pasritamig has demonstrated promising safety and antitumor activity in Phase 1 clinical trials. In September 2025, Johnson & Johnson Innovative Medicine (formerly Janssen Inc., “J&J”) announced the initiation of multiple Phase 3 clinical trials evaluating pasritamig as both monotherapy and in combination regimens in castration resistant prostate cancer.
Platform Partnerships
We continue to have revenue-generating strategic partnerships and collaborations with respect to our Azymetric and EFECT therapeutic platforms with the following pharmaceutical companies: GlaxoSmithKline Intellectual Property Development Limited (“GSK”), Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd. (“Daiichi Sankyo”), J&J, and Merck Sharp & Dohme Research GmbH (“Merck”). For additional information regarding these agreements, see the section titled “Strategic Partnerships and Collaborations” below.
Royalty Pharma Loan Arrangement
On March 2, 2026, Zymeworks BC Inc. (“Zymeworks BC”) entered into a sale agreement (the “Sale Agreement”) with Zymeworks Royalty Limited Partnership (the “Subsidiary”), a special purpose entity newly formed by Zymeworks BC and by its general partner Zymeworks General Partner ULC (“Zymeworks GP”), under which Zymeworks BC sold to the Subsidiary 30% of future royalty payments (not to exceed 120% of the maximum amount payable (excluding indemnification and other similar obligations) by the Subsidiary under the Loan Agreement (as defined below) related to Ziihera receivable under the Jazz Collaboration Agreement and Zanidatamab Agreement (each as defined below, and together, the “Covered Agreements”) at a purchase price of $250.0 million (such Ziihera-related assets and rights sold to the Subsidiary, the “Royalty Interest”).
Following the sale and transfer of the Royalty Interest, the Subsidiary entered into a Loan Agreement (the “Loan Agreement”), dated March 2, 2026, with Royalty Pharma Development Funding, LLC (“Royalty Pharma”) as administrative agent and lender, pursuant to which the lenders party to the Loan Agreement made a term loan to the Subsidiary (the “Loan”) in an aggregate principal amount of $250.0 million, that bears interest at a fixed rate and matures on December 31, 2042 (the “Maturity Date”). Under the terms of the Loan Agreement, the amount payable to the lenders no later than the Maturity Date is approximately $481.3 million, provided that if the Loan is repaid in full on or before December 31, 2033, the amount payable to the lenders is $412.5 million, in each case inclusive of all applicable interest, yield protection premiums, early redemption fees, exit fees and other amounts payable under the Loan Agreement (excluding indemnification and similar obligations). Any amount borrowed and repaid by Subsidiary may not be reborrowed.
We will retain 70% of royalties on Ziihera annual net sales throughout the term of the Loan, with full royalty rights reverting to us once the Loan and other amounts payable under the Loan Agreement to Royalty Pharma have been repaid in full. All earned regulatory and commercial milestone payments under the Covered Agreements will be retained by us. For additional information regarding this arrangement, see the section titled “Liquidity and Capital Resources” below.
Wholly-Owned Pipeline
Our wholly-owned programs include novel ADC and MSAT candidates, such as TCEs, focusing on highly-expressed targets which provide opportunities for benchmarking in preclinical development and expected clinical differentiation. Our ADC candidates exploit our proprietary topoisomerase 1 inhibitor (“TOPO1i”) payload, ZD06519, while exploring alternate mechanisms of action for longer-term development and leveraging validated peptide-cleavable linkers and stochastic conjugations. With potential for enhanced activity compared to combination therapy, our current MSAT candidates (ZW209 and ZW1528) include trispecific TCEs (“TriTCE”) incorporating conditional co-stimulation to enhance immune-mediated killing of cancer cells, and multi-cytokine blockers for treatment of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Our TriTCE molecules are carefully designed to optimize tumor cell engagement and enhance T cell activation to increase anti-tumor activity while also minimizing cytokine release and off-tumor toxicities.
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Solid Tumors in Oncology: Antibody-Drug Conjugates (ADCs)
ZW191: A clinical-stage ADC that targets folate receptor alpha (“FRα”)-expressing tumors including ovarian cancer, endometrial cancer, and non-small cell lung cancer (“NSCLC”), is built using our novel, bystander-active, TOPO1i payload technology, ZD06519. The FRα-targeting monoclonal antibody incorporated in ZW191 was selected based on compelling internalization characteristics to enable targeting of high, mid, and low levels of FRα expression. A drug-antibody-ratio (“DAR”) of eight was selected due to the restricted expression profile of FRα in normal tissues and to enhance our ability to deliver payload to tumors with lower levels of FRα. FRα is a clinically validated target, found in approximately 75% of high-grade serous ovarian carcinomas, over 50% of endometrial cancers, and in 70% of NSCLC. Preclinical data demonstrate strong ZW191 activity across a range of FRα-expressing patient-derived xenografts, including models with low levels of FRα. The ability to target lower levels of FRα is in part due to the DAR-eight format and the observed superior internalization, payload delivery, and tissue penetration derived from the ZW191 monoclonal antibody compared to other FRα monoclonal antibodies used in ADCs currently or previously in development. In a good laboratory practices (“GLP”) toxicology study, ZW191 achieved a highest non-severely toxic dose in non-human primates of 60 mg/kg, which presents a compelling profile and enables the expectation of potentially achieving an efficacious dose level in the Phase 1 clinical trial. We have completed enrollment for the ongoing global Phase 1, open-label, multicenter study of ZW191, registered under NCT06555744 on clinicaltrials.gov. The study aimed to enroll approximately 145 participants with advanced solid tumors, including ovarian, endometrial, and non-small cell lung cancers, across North America, Europe, and the Asia-Pacific region. The study is designed to evaluate the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and preliminary anti-tumor activity of ascending doses of ZW191. The U.S. FDA has granted Fast Track designation to ZW191, for the treatment of patients with advanced or metastatic platinum-resistant ovarian cancer.
ZW251: A potential first-in-class clinical-stage ADC molecule designed for the treatment of glypican 3 (“GPC3”)-expressing hepatocellular carcinoma (“HCC”), incorporates the same Zymeworks proprietary bystander-active TOPO1i payload utilized in ZW191 (anti-FRα) and ZW220 (anti-NaPi2b), ZD06519. The GPC3-targeting monospecific antibody incorporated in ZW251 was selected based on favorable binding and internalization properties to enable targeting of a range of GPC3-expressing tumors. A DAR of four was selected for this program as a lower DAR potentially could unlock a broader range of dose levels, a potential benefit as HCC patients are commonly challenged by impairment of liver function as a result of chronic liver disease and cirrhosis. GPC3, a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored cell surface oncofetal antigen, is over-expressed in most HCC patients (>75%), and displays minimal normal adult tissue expression, making it an appealing ADC target. In preclinical studies, anti-tumor activity for ZW251 was observed in multiple patient-derived xenograft models of HCC reflecting a range of GPC3 over-expression. In GLP toxicology studies performed in non-human primates, ZW251 achieved an HNSTD of 100 mg/kg, suggesting the potential for high doses in humans. We are encouraged by published research demonstrating the potential of targeting GPC3 with an antibody in HCC patients as evidenced by tumor localization of iodine radio-labeled condrituzumab, a clinical-stage anti-GPC3 monoclonal antibody, and believe that ADC-based targeting of GPC3 could enable a novel and effective approach to treatment of HCC. In July 2025, we announced that the investigational new drug (“IND”) application for ZW251 was cleared by the FDA. We are currently recruiting patients in an ongoing global Phase 1, open-label, multicenter study of ZW251, registered under NCT07164313 on clinicaltrials.gov. The study aims to enroll approximately 100 participants with advanced solid tumors, including HCC, squamous NSCLC, and germ cell tumors, across North America, Europe, and the Asia-Pacific region. The study is designed to evaluate the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and preliminary anti-tumor activity of ZW251.
ZW220: An ADC that targets NaPi2b-expressing NSCLC and ovarian cancer, is built, like ZW191, using our proprietary bystander active TOPO1i payload technology, ZD06519. The strong and persistent bystander effect of the ZD06519 payload that we have observed in preclinical studies may help overcome NaPi2b heterogeneity across different cancers. The NaPi2b-targeting monospecific antibody incorporated in ZW220 was selected based on a favorable binding profile and enhanced internalization properties to enable targeting of both Napi2b-high and NaPi2b-low expressing tumors. Distinct from ZW191, ZW220 utilizes a DAR-four format paired with mutations in the fragment crystallizable (“Fc”) region to attenuate binding to Fc-gamma family receptors. These features were incorporated in ZW220 with the goal of minimizing potential toxicities associated with expression of NaPi2b in normal lung tissue. NaPi2b is expressed in approximately 83% of ovarian (serous) cancer, 81% of endometrial cancer, and 77% of adenocarcinoma NSCLC. Preclinical data demonstrate that ZW220 is active in models of ovarian cancer and NSCLC with strong anti-tumor activity observed in patient-derived xenograft models and growth inhibition observed in three-dimensional spheroid models. ZW220 is tolerated at high doses in non-GLP animal studies with a maximum tolerated dose (“MTD”) ≥90 mg/kg in non-human primates and ≥200 mg/kg in rats, suggesting the potential for high doses in humans. NaPi2b is a compelling ADC target, and we believe the design of ZW220 may overcome some of the challenges encountered with other NaPi2b-targeted ADCs, including Lifa-V, UpRi, and XMT-1592, and may potentially provide a safe and meaningful benefit to patients with NaPi2b-expressing tumors. We have paused the preparations for the commencement of a Phase 1 study of ZW220 to help facilitate the accelerated development of ZW251. However, we believe ZW220 remains a highly differentiated, IND-ready asset with strong clinical, commercial, and partnership potential.
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Solid Tumors in Oncology: Multispecific Antibody Therapeutics (MSATs)
ZW209: A novel TriTCE targeting Delta-like ligand 3 (“DLL3”)-expressing tumor cells, is designed using our clinically validated Azymetric and EFECT platforms. By leveraging obligate cis-T cell binding and conditional cluster of differentiation 28 (“CD28”) engagement, this potentially first-in-class molecule has been designed to prevent unintended T cell activation, while enabling tumor-targeted cytotoxicity. The innovative design has demonstrated differentiated long-term cytotoxicity in vitro at low E:T (effector to target) ratios, with enhanced T cell proliferation and survival, offering significant potential to increase durability of responses in DLL3-expressing cancers. We anticipate submitting an IND to commence Phase 1 clinical studies for ZW209 in 2026, with equivalent non-U.S. applications to be submitted thereafter.
Autoimmune and Inflammatory Diseases (AIID)
ZW1528: Our first program in AIID, is a novel IL-4R⍺ x IL-33 bispecific molecule designed to address respiratory inflammation such as mixed-type chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (“COPD”) by inhibiting multiple pathways. By blocking three cytokines (IL-4, IL-13, and IL-33) in a single biologic, ZW1528 offers a unique approach to inhibit clinically validated pathways. The bispecific antibody is designed to provide complete, prolonged IL-4R⍺ blockade with simultaneous blockade of IL-33. Based on non-clinical in vitro studies, the bispecific can independently suppress IL-4, IL-13, and IL-33 driven cell signaling equivalent to that achieved with anti-IL-4R⍺ monoclonal antibody (“mAb”) or anti-IL-33 clinical benchmarks mAbs. Furthermore, in preclinical studies, ZW1528-mediated blockade of cytokine-driven activation of human epithelial cells was superior to that achieved with mAbs targeting either IL-4R⍺ or IL-33, indicating potential benefits of dual blockade. Additionally, preclinical studies with human peripheral blood mononuclear cells demonstrate ZW1528 provides blockade of IL-33 mediated effects beyond that achievable with an anti-IL33 benchmark mAb. With native Immunoglobulin G-like geometry, ZW1528 demonstrates the potential for high manufacturability and incorporates half-life extending Fc modifications. We anticipate submitting a regulatory filing to commence Phase 1 clinical studies for ZW1528 in 2027.
Continued Pipeline Development
Going forward, we currently expect to focus our ADVANCE research efforts primarily on multispecific antibody and engineered-cytokine platforms. We anticipate that these activities will be partially supported through early-stage partnerships and collaborations. We also intend to continue disseminating scientific findings through peer-reviewed publications and data presentations across our preclinical and clinical programs, as appropriate.
With respect to our ADC portfolio, we currently expect to continue conducting Phase 1 clinical studies for ZW191 and ZW251 during 2026. We may pursue additional clinical development of our pan-RASi ADCs; ZW220, ZW327, and ZW418, only if and when partnerships, collaborations, spin-out formation, and/or other sources of external funding become available.
We intend to continue innovating with increased novelty in targets and unique mechanisms of action through bispecific or biparatopic ADCs, dual-payload ADCs, multi-specific immune cell engagers and immune-oncology, subject to strategic priorities, and the availability of resources.
Our Proprietary Therapeutic Platforms
Our expertise in protein engineering has enabled the development of our proprietary therapeutic platforms, a complementary suite of highly tailored biologics solutions. Our therapeutic platforms can be used alone or in combination to develop multifunctional fit-for-purpose biotherapeutics with bispecific capabilities (Azymetric), targeted cytotoxin payload delivery and linker technologies (drug conjugate platforms), finely tuned immune function modulation (EFECT), and tumor-specific immune co-stimulation (ProTECT). The modular design and ease of use of our therapeutic platforms allow for the design and evaluation of multiple candidates with different formats to determine the optimal therapeutic combination early in development. We continue to leverage these therapeutic platforms to expand our pipeline of next-generation multispecific and ADCs that we believe could represent significant improvements to the standard of care in multiple cancer types and other serious diseases.
Azymetric Multispecific Antibody Platform
The Azymetric multispecific antibody platform is our foundation platform, which can produce either the backbone of our ADCs or be the base of our multispecific therapeutics that can be combined with both our TriTCE technology and our ProTECT platform to develop potential best-in-class trispecifics. The U.S. FDA approval of zanidatamab in 2024 provides validation of our proprietary Azymetric technology and capabilities for design and development of novel medicines. The Azymetric platform
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consists of a library of proprietary amino acid substitutions that enable the transformation of monospecific antibodies into bispecific or trispecific antibodies, which gives them the ability to simultaneously bind two non-overlapping epitopes. The Azymetric platform enables the development of biotherapeutics with dual-targeting of receptors/ligands and simultaneous blockade of multiple signaling pathways, increasing tumor-specific targeting and efficacy while reducing toxicities and the potential for drug resistance. In preclinical studies, the dual targeting of Azymetric antibodies has demonstrated synergistic activity relative to the application of an equivalent dose of the corresponding monospecific antibodies. Azymetric multispecifics can also be engineered to enhance internalization of the antibody into the tumor cell and consequently increase the delivery of cytotoxins. Azymetric multispecifics retain the desirable drug-like qualities of monoclonal antibodies, including long half-life, stability and low immunogenic potential, which increases their probability of success. Azymetric multispecifics are also compatible with standard manufacturing processes with high production yields and purity.
The Azymetric platform is the foundation for the development of trispecific and trivalent antibodies. Our complementary suite of technologies can incorporate multiple targets and mechanisms of action within a single antibody-based therapeutic. To achieve efficacy and durability in a difficult tumor microenvironment, we have developed a TriTCE strategy that integrates checkpoint inhibition (“TriTCE-CPI”) and costimulatory technologies (“TriTCE-costim”). TriTCE-CPI technology is designed to navigate suppressive tumor microenvironments and enhance the activity of TCEs through incorporation of a checkpoint pathway binder to restore and enhance T cell engagement and overcome secondary resistance to provide durable responses. TriTCE-costim technology can increase T cell fitness, activation and proliferation via tumor-dependent T cell co-stimulation. Further, TCE technologies can integrate with ProTECT, a technology built to mask an antibody arm to improve selectivity to minimize off-target, and mitigate on-target, adverse events.
Drug Conjugate Platforms
Our drug conjugate platforms are a suite of proprietary cytotoxins (including both topoisomerase and microtubulin inhibiting toxins), stable linkers, and conjugation technologies that are compatible with and complementary to our product candidates and enable delivery of cytotoxins directly to target cells. We believe that our platforms provide multiple competitive advantages over existing ADC approaches, including optimized activity and tolerability profiles through increased drug delivery to target cells with reduced off-target effects, as well as improved pharmacokinetics and stability. Our drug conjugate platforms can be used in conjunction with our other therapeutic platforms to potentially increase safety and efficacy as compared to existing ADC platforms.
Our TOPO1i ADC platform is one of several proprietary Zymeworks linker-payload platforms. TOPO1i-based technologies have shown meaningful clinical benefit in a wide range of solid tumors, including hard-to-treat solid tumors, and have been validated across many targets. Our novel camptothecin ZD06519 (FD1) has been specifically designed for its application as an ADC payload. A panel of camptothecin analogs with different substituents at the C-7 and C-10 positions of the camptothecin core were prepared and tested in vitro. Selected compounds spanning a range of potency and hydrophilicity were elaborated into drug-linkers, conjugated to trastuzumab, and evaluated in vitro and in vivo. ZD06519 was selected based on its favorable properties as a free molecule and as an antibody conjugate, which include moderate free payload potency (~1 nanomolar), low hydrophobicity, strong bystander activity, robust plasma stability, and high-monomeric ADC content. When conjugated to different antibodies using a clinically validated MC-GGFG-based linker, ZD06519 demonstrated impressive efficacy in multiple cell-derived xenograft models and noteworthy tolerability in healthy mice, rats, and non-human primates.
EFECT Antibody Effector Function Modulation Platform
The EFECT platform consists of sets of modifications to the Fc region of antibodies that enable the selective modulation of recruited cytotoxic immune cells for diverse therapeutic applications. This allows us to rationally tailor the selective enhancement or suppression of immune effector function to optimize product candidates.
ProTECT Tumor-Specific Immune Co-stimulation Platform
The ProTECT platform is a novel conditionally active antibody technology that can simultaneously increase the tolerability and efficacy for therapeutics, thereby potentially enhancing therapeutic window and clinical utility. Functional, natural immunomodulatory heterodimers are introduced to sterically block antigen binding outside the tumor, enabling therapeutics with limited activity in normal healthy tissue, avoiding on-target, off-tumor toxicities. Once in the tumor microenvironment, specific proteases cleave and release one half of the functional block activating both the targeting antibody and the immunomodulatory function. The resulting activated multifunctional therapeutic enables immune modulation in concert with antigen binding, which enables an overall increase in the therapeutic window through selective tumor activity and enhanced potency.
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Recent Developments
Strategic Acquisitions
Proposed Theravance Acquisition
On June 28, 2026, Parent entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “Merger Agreement”) with Zymeworks Merger Sub 1, a wholly owned subsidiary of Parent (“Merger Sub”), and Theravance, providing for the merger of Merger Sub with and into Theravance (the “Merger”), with Theravance surviving the Merger as our wholly owned subsidiary (the “Surviving Company”).
Consummation of the Merger is subject to customary closing conditions, including, without limitation, the expiration or termination of any waiting periods under the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976, as amended, applicable to the Merger (“HSR Act Clearance”) and the approval of the Merger Agreement, the Merger and the other transactions contemplated thereby by the affirmative vote of holders of Ordinary Shares representing at least two-thirds of the Ordinary Shares (the “Theravance Requisite Vote”) present and voting in person or by proxy as a single class at an extraordinary general meeting of Theravance for the purpose of approving the Merger Agreement, the Merger and the other transactions contemplated thereby. The parties expect the Merger and the other transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement to close in the second half of 2026.
Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, each outstanding Theravance ordinary share will be converted into the right to receive $17.00 in cash and one contingent value right ("CVR"), subject to the terms and conditions of the Merger Agreement and the related CVR agreement. The CVR will provide holders with the opportunity to receive certain contingent payments tied to specified future ampreloxetine-related proceeds and milestones.
We expect to finance the Merger with a combination of cash on hand and new debt financing. In connection with, and concurrently with entry into, the Merger Agreement, Parent entered into a debt commitment letter dated June 28, 2026 (the “Debt Commitment Letter”) with OCM IP Healthcare Portfolio LP (“OMERS Life Sciences”), pursuant to which OMERS Life Sciences has agreed to purchase senior secured notes to be issued by certain newly formed special purpose vehicles in an aggregate principal amount of $350 million on the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in the Debt Commitment Letter for the purposes of financing the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement. The obligations of OMERS Life Sciences to provide the debt financing under the Debt Commitment Letter are subject to conditions customary for a transaction of this type.
Wholly-Owned Programs
On June 14, 2026, we presented new clinical data from the dose-escalation portion of the ongoing Phase 1 study evaluating ZW191, a folate receptor alpha-targeting antibody-drug conjugate , at the European Society for Medical Oncology Gynaecological Cancers Congress 2026. Among response-evaluable platinum-resistant ovarian cancer patients, ZW191 demonstrated a cORR of 78.6% in patients with FRα-positive tumors and 47.4% in patients with FRα-negative tumors across all dose levels. These findings demonstrate meaningful anti-tumor activity across both FRα-positive and FRα-negative tumors as well as in the overall population.
We continue to recruit patients in an ongoing Phase 1b study of ZW251, a GPC3-targeting antibody-drug conjugate, for the treatment of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, squamous non-small cell lung cancer and germ cell tumors.
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Partnered Programs
Zanidatamab
The top-line results from the second interim overall survival analysis for the HERIZON-GEA-01 trial doublet regimen are expected in the third quarter of 2026.
The FDA granted Breakthrough Therapy Designation ("BTD") for Zanidatamab ("Ziihera"), for the treatment of adults with previously treated, locally advanced, unresectable, or metastatic HER2-positive colorectal cancer.
The EmpowHER-303 trial is expected to complete patient enrollment in mid-2027 with top-line data expected by the end of 2027 or early 2028.
Results from Phase 3 HERIZON-GEA-01 published in The New England Journal of Medicine; Additional subgroup analyses presented in an oral presentation at the 2026 ASCO Annual Meeting showing improved clinical outcomes with zanidatamab-containing combinations regardless of PD-L1 expression, including in PD-L1-negative patients.
Zanidatamab has a U.S. PDUFA target action date of August 25, 2026 for the treatment of patients with 1L HER2+ locally advanced or metastatic GEA. Zymeworks remains eligible to receive a $250M milestone payment upon potential approval in the U.S., and up to $190 million in potential additional global regulatory milestones for 1L HER2+ GEA. Zymeworks will continue to receive royalties on Ziihera sales, with royalty revenues expected to increase following U.S. and global regulatory approvals for GEA.
Our royalty revenue from Jazz and BeOne was $1.8 million in the three months ended June 30, 2026, driven primarily by net product sales of Ziihera® by Jazz in the three months ended June 30, 2026.
Pasritamig
Johnson and Johnson Innovative Medicine ("J&J") expect to present Phase 1b clinical data for pasritamig, a first-in-class bispecific antibody against KLK2, in combination with JNJ-9401 in patients with advanced prostate cancer who have progressed after multiple lines of therapy, during the second half of 2026.
J&J increased the planned enrollment for its Phase 3 trial of pasritamig (JNJ-78278343) in combination with best supportive care in patients with late-line metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), from approximately 663 to 1,203 participants. The study is actively recruiting across 172 sites globally and is evaluating overall survival versus placebo, with median overall survival as the primary endpoint. The anticipated primary completion date is now estimated as December 2027, compared with the previously estimated May 2028 date (NCT07164443).
Other Matters
2026 Repurchase Program
On November 16, 2025, our board of directors approved a program pursuant to which the Company was authorized to repurchase, from time to time, up to $125.0 million worth of its outstanding common stock (the “2025 Repurchase Program”). As of May 13, 2026, the Company had utilized approximately $102.3 million of the 2025 Repurchase Program to acquire 4,197,553 shares at an average price of 24.36 per share (exclusive of commission expense and estimated excise tax).
On May 14, 2026, we terminated the 2025 Repurchase Program and our board of directors authorized a new share repurchase program providing the ability to repurchase up to $125.0 million in shares of our common stock (the “2026 Repurchase Program”). Through August 4, 2026, we have repurchased 1,971,454 common shares for $49.4 million at an average price per share of $25.04 (exclusive of commission expense and estimated excise tax) under our current 2026 Repurchase Program.
Since initiating its share repurchase program in August 2024, the Company has cumulatively utilized $213.6 million to reacquire 10,571,316 shares at an average price of $20.21 per share (exclusive of commission expense and estimated excise tax). As of August 4, 2026, the Company had approximately 71.0 million common shares outstanding.
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Strategic Partnerships and Collaborations
Our novel product candidates, together with our combination of proprietary protein engineering capabilities and resulting therapeutic platform technologies, have enabled us to enter into a number of strategic partnerships, many of which were subsequently expanded in scope. Our strategic partnerships and collaborations provide us with the ability to accelerate clinical development of our product candidates in certain geographical regions and provide our strategic partners with access to components of our proprietary therapeutic platforms for their own therapeutics development. In addition, these strategic partnerships have provided us with non-dilutive funding as well as access to proprietary therapeutic assets, which increase our ability to rapidly advance our product candidates while maintaining commercial rights to our own therapeutics.
Through collaboration agreements with Jazz and BeOne relating to our programs for zanidatamab and zanidatamab zovodotin, we have received an aggregate of $491.0 million through June 30, 2026 in the form of non-refundable upfront payments and milestone payments. In addition, through these partnerships with Jazz and BeOne with respect to zanidatamab, as of June 30, 2026, we remain eligible to receive up to $1.51 billion in potential regulatory, development and commercial milestone payments, as well as tiered royalties on potential future product sales, pending receipt of applicable regulatory approvals. Under our collaboration agreement with Jazz, we are eligible to receive tiered royalties of ten to high teens percentages on global (outside of Asia (other than Japan), Australia and New Zealand) annual net sales of Ziihera up to $2.0 billion and 20% on annual net sales above $2.0 billion. Under the collaboration agreement with BeOne, we are eligible to receive tiered royalties of mid-single to mid-double digit percentages on annual net sales of Ziihera in Asia (other than Japan), Australia and New Zealand up to $1.0 billion and 19.5% on annual net sales above $1.0 billion (with royalty rates increasing by 0.5% when cumulative amounts forgone as a result of a royalty reduction of 0.5% reaches a cap in the low double-digit millions of dollars).
These partnerships have provided us with a significant source of non-dilutive funding and provide for additional future direct funding by our strategic partners for our lead asset, zanidatamab. These partnerships also leverage our strategic partners’ commercial infrastructure, helping accelerate the development and expanding the potential reach of our lead product candidates.
The information included in the table below presents a summary of key aspects of our collaboration and licensing agreements as of June 30, 2026.
________________________
(1) Current stage and therapeutic indication reflects the current preclinical, clinical or commercial stage of development for the most advanced program under the partnership, as applicable.
(2) Figures reflect all potential future milestone payments under the applicable agreement, including, but not limited to, the lead asset. See further discussion of each partnership in "Item 1. Business - Strategic Partnerships and Collaborations" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K, for the year ended December 31, 2025 .
(3) Tiered royalties of up to 19.5% of annual net sales in BeOne territories, increasing to up to 20% when cumulative amounts forgone as a result of a royalty reduction of 0.5% reaches a cap in the low double-digit millions of dollars.
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In addition to the payments we have received through our collaboration agreements with Jazz and BeOne relating to zanidatamab and zanidatamab zovodotin, as of June 30, 2026, we have received $233.4 million in the form of non-refundable upfront and milestone payments from platform partnership and collaboration agreements. We continue to have revenue-generating strategic partnerships and collaborations with respect to our Azymetric and EFECT therapeutic platforms with the following pharmaceutical companies: GSK, Daiichi Sankyo, J&J, and Merck. As of June 30, 2026, we remain eligible to receive up to $0.78 billion in preclinical and development milestone payments and up to $2.97 billion in commercial milestone payments, as well as tiered royalties on potential future product sales, pending regulatory approval. It is possible, however, that our strategic partners’ programs will not advance as currently contemplated, which would negatively affect the amount of development and commercial milestone payments and royalties on potential future product sales we may receive. Importantly, these partnerships include predominantly non-target-exclusive licenses for any of our therapeutic platforms, so we maintain the ability to develop therapeutics directed to many high-value targets using our platforms. As of April 30, 2026, Celgene Corporation and Celgene Alpine Investment Co. LLC (now a Bristol-Myers Squibb company) has discontinued development of its remaining program under our collaboration agreement. For further information on the terms and conditions of our existing collaboration and license agreements, please refer to “Item 1. Business - Strategic Partnerships and Collaborations” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025.
Financial Operations Overview
Revenue
Our revenue consists of collaboration revenue, including amounts recognized relating to upfront non-refundable payments for licenses or options to obtain future licenses, research and development funding, milestone payments and royalties earned under collaboration and license agreements. We expect that collaboration revenue from our strategic partnerships will be our primary source of revenue for the foreseeable future.
Operating Expenses
Our operating expenses consist primarily of research and development expenses and general and administrative expenses. Personnel costs, including salaries, benefits, bonuses and stock-based compensation expense, comprise a significant component of research and development and general and administrative expenses. We allocate certain indirect expenses associated with our facilities, information technology, depreciation and other overhead costs between research and development and general and administrative categories based on employee headcount and the nature of work performed by each employee.
Research and Development Expense
Research and development expenses consist of expenses incurred in performing research and development activities such as conducting clinical trials and preclinical research studies, technical and manufacturing operations, regulatory affairs and other indirect expenses in support of advancing our product candidates and therapeutic platforms. Research and development expenses include third-party program costs, internal personnel costs and other indirect costs as follows:
•fees paid to CROs, consultants, subcontractors and other third-party vendors for work performed for our clinical trials, preclinical studies and regulatory activities;
•fees paid to third-party manufacturers to produce our product candidate supplies;
•amounts paid to vendors and suppliers for laboratory supplies;
•fees, milestone payments and other expenses incurred in connection with license agreements and amendments;
•employee-related expenses such as salaries and benefits and stock-based compensation;
•depreciation of laboratory equipment, computers and leasehold improvements; and
•overhead expenses such as facilities, information technology and other allocated items.
It is difficult to determine with certainty the duration and completion costs of our current or future clinical trials and preclinical programs of our product candidates, or if, when or to what extent we will generate revenue other than zanidatamab royalties from the commercialization and sale of any of our product candidates that obtain regulatory approval. We or our strategic partners may never succeed in achieving regulatory approval for any of our current or future product candidates. The duration, costs and timing
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of clinical trials and development of our product candidates will depend on a variety of factors, including the uncertainties of clinical trials and preclinical studies, uncertainties in clinical trial enrollment rates and significant and changing government regulation. In addition, the probability of success for each product candidate will depend on numerous factors, including competition, manufacturing capability and commercial viability. We will determine which programs to pursue and how much to fund each program in response to the scientific and clinical success of each product candidate, as well as an assessment of each product candidate’s commercial potential. As part of our recently announced strategy, we will continue to seek out partnerships and collaborations. If we are successful, over the next several years, we anticipate that our annual research and development expenses, excluding stock-based compensation expense, will trend lower.
General and Administrative Expense
General and administrative expenses consist of salaries, benefits and stock-based compensation costs for employees in our executive, finance, legal, intellectual property, business development, human resources and other support functions, as well as legal and professional fees, business insurance, facilities and information technology costs and other expenses. We anticipate over the next several years that our annual general and administrative expenses, other than stock-based compensation expense, will trend lower as we continue to pursue our strategic plan.
Other Income (Expense)
Other income (expense) primarily consists of interest income and foreign exchange gain (loss).
Critical Accounting Policies and Significant Judgments and Estimates
Our critical accounting policies are those policies that require the most significant judgments and estimates in the preparation of our interim condensed consolidated financial statements. A summary of our critical accounting policies is presented in note 2 of our annual consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2025.
Our management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations is based on our interim condensed consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The preparation of these interim condensed consolidated financial statements requires us to make estimates, judgments and assumptions that are inherently uncertain that affect the amounts reported in the interim condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable. We review and evaluate these estimates on an ongoing basis. These assumptions and estimates form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities and amounts that have been recorded as revenue and expenses. Actual results and experiences may differ from these estimates. The results of any material revisions would be reflected in the interim condensed consolidated financial statements prospectively from the date of the change in estimate.
There have been no material changes in our critical accounting policies and significant judgments and estimates during the three and six months ended June 30, 2026 as compared to what has been described in our most recent annual consolidated financial statements, other than the application of existing accounting policies to the royalty monetization transaction and the issuance of performance stock units, as well as capitalized deferred financing costs related to pending debt financing, as described in note 2 of our interim condensed consolidated financial statements for the quarter ended June 30, 2026 within this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
A summary of recent accounting pronouncements is presented in note 3 of our interim condensed consolidated financial statements for the quarter ended June 30, 2026 within this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
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Results of Operations for the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2026 and 2025
Revenue
Three Months Ended June 30, Increase/ (Decrease) Six Months Ended June 30, Increase/ (Decrease)
(dollars in millions) 2026 2025 2026 2025
Revenue from research and development collaborations $ 4.6 $ 48.7 $ (44.1) (91) % $ 7.0 $ 75.8 $ (68.8) (91) %
Our revenue relates primarily to non-recurring upfront fees, expansion payments or milestone payments from our licensing and collaboration agreements.
Total revenue decreased by $44.1 million in the three months ended June 30, 2026 compared to the same period in 2025. The decrease was driven primarily by the absence of significant non-recurring collaboration revenue recognized in 2026, including a $20.0 million development milestone from BeOne, $18.3 million of deferred revenue recognized in connection with the amended ZW25 license agreement and termination of the ZW49 agreement, and a $7.5 million option exercise fee from Bristol Myers Squibb that were recognized in 2025. In addition, revenue declined due to lower development support and drug supply revenue from Jazz, reflecting the transition of responsibility for certain zanidatamab clinical activities to Jazz under our amended agreements. These decreases were slightly offset by higher royalty revenue from Jazz and BeOne in 2026. Royalty revenue from Jazz and BeOne is expected to increase over time as commercial sales of Ziihera increase.
Total revenue decreased by $68.8 million in the six months ended June 30, 2026 compared to the same period in 2025. The decrease was driven primarily by the absence of significant non-recurring collaboration revenue recognized in 2026, including a $20.0 million development milestone from BeOne, $18.3 million of deferred revenue recognized in connection with the amended ZW25 license agreement and termination of the ZW49 agreement, development milestones of $14.0 million from GSK and $3.1 million from Daiichi Sankyo, and a $7.5 million option exercise fee from Bristol Myers Squibb, all of which were recognized in 2025. In addition, revenue declined due to lower development support and drug supply revenue from Jazz, reflecting the transition of responsibility for certain zanidatamab clinical activities to Jazz under our amended agreements. These decreases were slightly offset by higher royalty revenue from Jazz and BeOne in 2026. Royalty revenue from Jazz and BeOne is expected to increase over time as commercial sales of Ziihera increase.
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Research and Development Expense
Three Months Ended June 30, Increase/ (Decrease) Six Months Ended June 30, Increase/ (Decrease)
(dollars in millions) 2026 2025 2026 2025
Third-party research and development program expenses:
Zanidatamab $ 2.2 $ 1.5 $ 0.7 47 % $ 2.8 $ 2.9 $ (0.1) (3) %
Zanidatamab zovodotin — (0.1) 0.1 100 % — 0.2 (0.2) (100) %
ZW171 (0.5) 3.3 (3.8) (115) % 0.7 5.5 (4.8) (87) %
ZW191 3.1 2.8 0.3 11 % 6.2 4.5 1.7 38 %
ZW220 (0.2) 0.3 (0.5) (167) % (0.1) 2.5 (2.6) (104) %
ZW251 3.2 2.3 0.9 39 % 5.1 6.3 (1.2) (19) %
Other preclinical and research programs 4.2 6.3 (2.1) (33) % 11.5 12.1 (0.6) (5) %
12.0 16.4 (4.4) (27) % 26.2 34.0 (7.8) (23) %
Unallocated departmental research and development expenses:
Salaries and benefits 7.3 9.0 (1.7) (19) % 18.1 18.5 (0.4) (2) %
Stock-based compensation expense 3.4 3.0 0.4 13 % 7.3 6.3 1.0 16 %
Other unallocated expenses 4.7 6.0 (1.3) (22) % 10.3 11.4 (1.1) (10) %
Research and development expense $ 27.4 $ 34.4 $ (7.0) (20) % $ 61.9 $ 70.2 $ (8.3) (12) %
Research and development expense decreased by $7.0 million for the three months ended June 30, 2026 compared to the same period in 2025. The decrease was driven primarily by lower third-party research and development program expenses, largely due to reduced spending on ZW171 following the discontinuation of the program in 2025 and lower spending on earlier-stage preclinical and research programs. The decrease in spending on earlier-stage programs was driven primarily by ZW209, for which IND-enabling activities were completed in 2025. These decreases were partially offset by higher spending on ZW191 and ZW251 associated with the progression of ongoing clinical studies. Unallocated research and development expenses decreased compared to the prior-year period, primarily due to lower salaries and benefits resulting from reduced headcount.
Research and development expense decreased by $8.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2026 compared to the same period in 2025. The decrease was driven primarily by lower third-party research and development program expenses, largely due to reduced spending on ZW171 following the discontinuation of the program in 2025 and lower spending on ZW220 following the completion of certain IND-enabling activities in 2025. Spending on ZW251 also decreased compared to the prior-year period, as higher costs incurred for IND-enabling activities in 2025 exceeded ongoing clinical trial costs in 2026. Lower spending on earlier-stage preclinical and research programs, including ZW209, also contributed to the decrease. These decreases were partially offset by higher spending on ZW191 associated with the progression of ongoing clinical studies.
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General and Administrative Expense
Three Months Ended June 30, Increase/ (Decrease) Six Months Ended June 30, Increase/ (Decrease)
(dollars in millions) 2026 2025 2026 2025
Salaries and benefits $ 4.3 $ 4.2 $ 0.1 2 % $ 10.4 $ 8.6 $ 1.8 21 %
Stock-based compensation expense 7.9 2.8 5.1 182 % 11.0 6.0 5.0 83 %
Professional fees, consulting and business insurance 5.4 4.5 0.9 20 % 9.0 9.3 (0.3) (3) %
Other general and administrative expenses 1.7 3.4 (1.7) (50) % 4.0 8.0 (4.0) (50) %
General and administrative expense $ 19.3 $ 15.0 $ 4.3 29 % $ 34.4 $ 31.9 $ 2.5 8 %
General and administrative expense increased by $4.3 million for the three months ended June 30, 2026 compared to the same period in 2025. The increase was driven primarily by higher non-cash stock-based compensation expense resulting from equity awards granted in 2026, including awards granted in connection with executive leadership transitions, higher grant date fair values associated with an increase in our stock price, and the introduction of performance-based equity awards. The increase also reflects professional fees incurred in connection with the proposed Theravance acquisition. These increases were partially offset by lower software amortization and software subscription expenses following the completion of a significant enterprise systems transition.
General and administrative expense increased by $2.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2026 compared to the same period in 2025. The increase was driven primarily by higher non-cash stock-based compensation expense resulting from equity awards granted in 2026, including awards granted in connection with executive leadership transitions, higher grant date fair values associated with an increase in our stock price, and the introduction of performance-based equity awards. The increase also reflects higher salaries and benefits, including severance-related expenses associated with previously disclosed leadership transitions recognized during the period. These increases were partially offset by lower software amortization and software subscription expenses following the completion of a significant enterprise systems transition.
Other Income, net
Three Months Ended June 30, Increase/ (Decrease) Six Months Ended June 30, Increase/ (Decrease)
(dollars in millions) 2026 2025 2026 2025
Other (expense) income, net $ (3.1) $ 2.8 $ (5.9) (211) % $ (2.3) $ 6.3 $ (8.6) (137) %
Other income, net decreased by $5.9 million for the three months ended June 30, 2026 compared to the same period in 2025, primarily due to interest expense related to the Loan Agreement with Royalty Pharma executed in March 2026, partially offset by interest income earned on cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities.
Other income, net decreased by $8.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2026 compared to the same period in 2025, primarily due to interest expense related to the Loan Agreement with Royalty Pharma executed in March 2026, partially offset by interest income earned on cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities.
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Income Tax
Three Months Ended June 30, Increase/ (Decrease) Six Months Ended June 30, Increase/ (Decrease)
2026 2025 2026 2025
(dollars in millions)
Income tax (recovery) expense $ (0.3) $ (0.2) $ (0.1) (50) % $ (2.5) $ 0.3 $ (2.8) (933) %
Income tax recovery increased by $0.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2026, compared to the same period in 2025. The change was not significant.
Income tax expense decreased by $2.8 million for the three months ended June 30, 2026, compared to the same period in 2025. The change for the three month period ending June 30, 2026 is primarily due to the tax benefit associated with changes in undistributed earnings of foreign subsidiaries during the reporting period.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Sources of Liquidity
Since our IPO in 2017, we have funded our operations primarily through follow-on public offerings and private placements (including the issuance of pre-funded warrants), loans, as well as from upfront fees, milestone payments, and research support payments generated from our strategic collaborations and licensing agreements. As part of our previously announced asset and royalty aggregation strategy, we anticipate that funds used in operations will increasingly be derived from royalty and milestone payments that we receive through our strategic collaboration and licensing agreements. We also evaluate other sources of capital to finance our operations, including through debt financings, asset monetizations, strategic partnerships, grant funding, and public and private equity offerings.
In August 2024, we entered into a sales agreement (the “Cowen Sales Agreement”) with TD Securities (USA) LLC. (“TD Cowen”) to sell shares of our common stock subject to a maximum aggregate dollar amount registered pursuant to an applicable prospectus supplement, from time to time, through an “at-the-market” equity offering program under which TD Cowen acts as our sales agent. Sales of shares of common stock through TD Cowen, if any, will be made by any method permitted by law deemed to be an “at-the-market” offering as defined in Rule 415(a)(4) under the Securities Act. As of the date of this report, no shares of our common stock have been sold under the Cowen Sales Agreement. As part of the ongoing management of our operations and related funding needs, we evaluate various financing vehicles, including “at-the-market” equity offering programs, and may enter into similar “at-the-market” equity offering programs in the future, as well as other financing transactions depending on our capital needs and the then-available terms of any such financings.
In December 2023, we completed a private placement pursuant to which we sold 5,086,521 pre-funded warrants at a price of $9.8299 per pre-funded warrant. We received gross proceeds of $50.0 million, and net proceeds were $49.9 million, after expenses. Each pre-funded warrant was exercisable for one share of common stock at an exercise price of $0.0001 per share, subject to adjustments as provided under the terms of the pre-funded warrants. In June 2025, these pre-funded warrants were fully exercised on a net exercise basis resulting in the issuance of 5,086,480 shares of common stock.
Royalty Pharma Loan Arrangement
On March 2, 2026, Zymeworks BC entered into the Sale Agreement with the Subsidiary, pursuant to which Zymeworks BC sold to the Subsidiary 30% of future royalty payments (not to exceed 120% of the maximum amount payable by the Subsidiary under the Loan Agreement) (excluding indemnification and other similar obligations) related to Ziihera (zanidatamab-hrii) receivable under the Covered Agreements at a purchase price of $250.0 million. Under the Sale Agreement, Zymeworks BC is restricted from taking certain actions with respect to the Covered Agreements, including (i) entering into any contracts, or amending, modifying or waiving provisions of any contracts, relating to the royalties receivable under the Covered Agreements that would undermine the Royalty Interest or reasonably be expected to result in a material adverse effect, (ii) taking actions that would, or would give the right to an applicable commercial partner to, terminate a Covered Agreement or certain material in-license agreements covering Ziihera, or amending, modifying, waiving any provision, providing any consent or taking any action under any Covered Agreement that would reduce any Royalty Interest payments or reasonably be expected to result in a material
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adverse effect, without the prior written consent of the Subsidiary and Royalty Pharma, (iii) selling, transferring, disposing of or encumbering its interests in applicable Ziihera-specific intellectual property, Ziihera, a Covered Agreement or certain material in-license agreements covering Ziihera, or entering into monetization or similar transactions with respect to Zymeworks BC’s retained royalty interests under any Covered Agreement, except, in each case, without certain assumption and other arrangements protective to Royalty Pharma’s interests, and (iv) permitting Covered Agreement counterparties to acquire more than 50% of Zymeworks BC’s retained royalty interests under any Covered Agreement without certain assumption and other arrangements protective to Royalty Pharma’s interests, in addition to being subject to other customary covenants.
The Sale Agreement also includes customary indemnification obligations by us and Zymeworks BC in favor of the Subsidiary and Royalty Pharma. The obligations of the parties under the Sale Agreement terminate automatically upon the payment in full of the Loan and the other obligations under the Loan Agreement.
Following the sale and transfer of the Royalty Interest, the Subsidiary entered into the Loan Agreement with Royalty Pharma as administrative agent and lender (in the capacity as lender under the Loan Agreement, the “Lender” and together with such other lenders party to the Loan Agreement from time to time the “Lenders”), pursuant to which the Lenders made a term loan to the Subsidiary in an aggregate principal amount of $250.0 million, that bears interest at a fixed rate and matures on December 31, 2042. Under the terms of the Loan Agreement, the amount payable to the Lenders no later than the Maturity Date is approximately $481.3 million, provided that if the Loan is repaid in full on or before December 31, 2033, the amount payable to the Lenders is $412.5 million, in each case inclusive of all applicable interest, yield protection premiums, early redemption fees, exit fees and other amounts payable under the Loan Agreement (excluding indemnification and similar obligations). Any amount borrowed and repaid by Subsidiary may not be reborrowed.
We will retain 70% of royalties on Ziihera annual net sales throughout the term of the Loan, with full royalty rights reverting to us once the Loan and other amounts payable under the Loan Agreement to Royalty Pharma have been repaid in full. All earned regulatory and commercial milestone payments under the Covered Agreements will be retained by us.
Under our collaboration agreement with Jazz, we are eligible to receive tiered royalties of ten to high teens percentages on global (outside of Asia (other than Japan), Australia and New Zealand) annual net sales of Ziihera up to $2.0 billion and 20% on annual net sales above $2.0 billion. Under the collaboration agreement with BeOne, we are eligible to receive tiered royalties of mid-single to mid-double digit percentages on annual net sales of Ziihera in Asia (other than Japan), Australia and New Zealand up to $1.0 billion and 19.5% on annual net sales above $1.0 billion (with royalty rates increasing by 0.5% when cumulative amounts forgone as a result of a royalty reduction of 0.5% reaches a cap in the low double-digit millions of dollars).
In connection with entering into the Loan Agreement, (i) the Subsidiary entered into a security agreement with Royalty Pharma, whereby the Subsidiary granted a security interest in all of its assets (the “Collateral”) in favor of Royalty Pharma, and (ii) Zymeworks BC and Zymeworks GP entered into a pledge and security agreement with Royalty Pharma, whereby Zymeworks BC and Zymeworks GP pledged their respective equity interests in the Subsidiary, with Zymeworks BC also pledging its equity in Zymeworks GP. If certain events of default occur, including the termination of the Jazz Agreement or the BeOne Agreement and a change of control of the Company, as well as other customary events of default, the administrative agent may terminate the Loan Agreement and demand immediate payment of an amount equal to the outstanding principal amount of the Loan plus all applicable fees, premiums and accrued and unpaid interest thereon and exercise all rights and remedies available under or pursuant to the Loan Agreement. The Loan Agreement includes certain customary affirmative and negative covenants applicable to the Subsidiary, including restrictions on the incurrence of additional indebtedness, creation of liens, asset transfers, mergers, dividends and certain transactions with affiliates. In addition, the Subsidiary is subject to covenants designed to limit its activities primarily to holding and administering its rights and obligations under certain transaction agreements including the Loan Agreement and the Sale Agreement, and the Subsidiary may not amend or terminate the Sale Agreement without the Lenders’ consent.
The Loan Agreement also contains other customary terms and conditions, including representations and warranties, as well as indemnification obligations in favor of Royalty Pharma. The payment obligations under the Loan Agreement are limited to the Subsidiary, and the Lenders have no recourse under the Loan Agreement against the Company or Zymeworks BC or any assets other than the Collateral and Zymeworks BC’s equity interest in Zymeworks GP and the Subsidiary, and Zymeworks GP’s equity interests in the Subsidiary.
We intend to use the net cash received from this arrangement to support our ongoing stock repurchase program and fund potential strategic acquisitions, as well as for working capital and other general corporate purposes.
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Proposed Theravance Acquisition
On June 28, 2026, Parent entered into the Merger Agreement, pursuant to which, and upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth therein, at the effective time of the Merger (the “Effective Time”), each ordinary share, par value $0.00001 per share, of Theravance (“Ordinary Shares”) that is issued and outstanding immediately prior to such time (other than shares owned by Theravance as treasury shares or by any direct or indirect subsidiary of Theravance, Parent or any direct or indirect subsidiary of Parent, and any Dissenting Shares (as defined in the Merger Agreement)) will be canceled and converted into the right to receive (i) $17.00 in cash, without interest (the “Per Share Cash Consideration”) and (ii) one contingent value right (“CVR”). Each CVR represents a non-tradeable contractual contingent right to receive (i) a pro rata share of 80% of the net proceeds received by Parent or its affiliates (including the Surviving Company) from any license, divestiture or other monetization transaction of ampreloxetine executed within the ten (10)-year period following the Effective Time (the “CVR License Expiration Date”), (ii) a pro rata share of $50 million in cash upon the first commercial sale of ampreloxetine by Parent or its affiliates (including the Surviving Company) in the U.S., UK, Spain, France, Germany or Italy on or prior to the CVR License Expiration Date and (iii) a pro rata share of 10% of the net sales received by Parent or its affiliates (including the Surviving Company), on a country-by-country basis, from the date of the first commercial sale until the later of the 10th anniversary of such date, patent expiration or the loss of exclusivity, in each case, subject to the terms and conditions of the CVR Agreement to be entered into on or prior to the closing date of the Merger, among Parent and a rights agent selected by Theravance and reasonably acceptable to Parent.
We expect to finance the Merger with a combination of cash on hand and new debt financing. In connection with, and concurrently with entry into, the Merger Agreement, Parent entered into the Debt Commitment Letter with OMERS Life Sciences, pursuant to which OMERS Life Sciences has agreed to purchase senior secured notes to be issued by certain newly formed special purpose vehicles in an aggregate principal amount of $350 million on the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in the Debt Commitment Letter for the purposes of financing the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement. The obligations of OMERS Life Sciences to provide the debt financing under the Debt Commitment Letter are subject to conditions customary for a transaction of this type.
The parties expect the Merger and the other transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement to close in the second half of 2026.
As of June 30, 2026, we had $322.5 million of cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities, comprised of $179.4 million in cash and cash equivalents and $143.1 million in marketable securities.
Cash Flows
The following table represents a summary of our cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025:
Six Months Ended June 30,
2026 2025
(dollars in millions)
Net cash (used in) provided by:
Operating activities $ (77.7) $ 8.7
Investing activities 87.0 20.9
Financing activities 128.8 2.6
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents 0.1 (0.1)
Net change in cash and cash equivalents $ 138.3 $ 32.2
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Operating Activities
During the six months ended June 30, 2026, cash used in operating activities was $77.7 million compared to $8.7 million of cash provided by operating activities for the same period in 2025. Net cash generated in operating activities in 2025 was primarily due to milestone revenues and favorable movements in working capital in 2025.
Investing Activities
Net cash provided by investing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2026 primarily related to net proceeds from marketable securities of $87.2 million partially offset by cash outflows of $0.2 million for expenditures for office equipment and software implementation. Net cash provided by investing activities for the same period in 2025 primarily related to net proceeds from marketable securities of $22.1 million partially offset by cash outflows of $1.2 million for expenditures related to software implementation.
Financing Activities
Net cash provided by financing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2026 included net proceeds of $244.7 million related to the Loan Agreement with Royalty Pharma, $11.6 million from stock option exercises and $0.6 million from the issuance of shares of common stock under our employee stock purchase plan. These were partially offset by $128.1 million used for the 2025 and 2026 Repurchase Programs. Net cash used in financing activities for the same period in 2025 included net proceeds of $2.2 million from stock option exercises and $0.5 million from the issuance of shares of common stock under our employee stock purchase plan.
Funding Requirements
Our revenue through June 30, 2026 has been primarily revenue from the license of our proprietary therapeutic platforms for the development of product candidates. We anticipate that at least over the short term we will not be net income positive on a regular basis as we continue our research and development of our product candidates and implement our recently announced strategy. In addition, inflationary pressure could adversely impact our financial results. Our funding requirements in the short-term and long-term will consist of the operational, capital, and manufacturing expenditures, a portion of which contain contractual or other obligations including future minimum lease payments under non-cancelable operating leases as presented in Note 10 - Leases and other commitments and contingencies as presented in Note 11 - Commitments and Contingencies to the interim condensed consolidated financial statements. Because of the inherent risks and uncertainties associated with the development of our product candidates and the successful implementation of our recently announced strategy, it is difficult to predict the amounts of capital outflows and operating expenditures associated with our current and anticipated clinical trials and preclinical studies.
Although it is difficult to predict our funding requirements, based on our current operating plan, we anticipate that our existing cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities will enable us to fund our operating expenses and capital expenditure requirements for at least the next twelve months from the date this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q is filed with the SEC. This assessment excludes the receipt of potential future milestone payments from strategic partners or the completion of contingent financing, acquisition or other strategic transactions. As we continue our transition toward a revenue-generating business supported by royalty, profit-share and other recurring cash flow streams, we no longer intend to focus on cash runway measures. We have based our expectations on assumptions and plans which may change and which could impact the magnitude and/or timing of operating expenses, capital expenditures and our cash flows. The successful development of our product candidates and the achievement of milestones by our strategic partners is uncertain. As a result of the foregoing, it is difficult to predict the actual funds we will require to fund our planned operations. See Part II, Item 1A, “Risk Factors – Risks Relating to Our Business,” “Risk Factors – Risks Relating to Development of our Product Candidates,” and “Risk Factors –Risks Related to Our Financial Position and Need for Additional Capital.”
Additionally, on August 1, 2024, our board of directors authorized the 2024 Repurchase Program, under which we were authorized to repurchase up to $60.0 million of our common stock. As of November 10, 2025, we completed the entire $60.0 million of the 2024 Repurchase Program. On November 16, 2025, our board of directors authorized the 2025 Repurchase Program, whereby we were authorized to repurchase up to $125.0 million of our outstanding common stock. On May 14, 2026, we terminated the 2025 Repurchase Program and our board of directors authorized the 2026 Repurchase Program providing the ability to repurchase up to $125.0 million in shares of our common stock. We repurchased 4,197,553 shares of our common stock under the 2025 Repurchase Program until its termination in 2026. As of August 4, 2026, we have repurchased 1,971,454 shares of our common stock under the 2026 Repurchase Program, and there is $75.6 million of remaining capacity under the 2026
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Repurchase Program. The shares may be repurchased from time to time in open market transactions, or other means in accordance with Rule 10b5-1 of the Exchange Act and Rule 10b-18 of the Exchange Act. The timing, number of shares repurchased, and prices paid for any additional shares of the stock repurchased under this program will depend on general business and market conditions as well as corporate and regulatory limitations, prevailing stock prices, and other considerations. The 2026 Repurchase Program may be suspended or discontinued at any time and does not obligate us to acquire any additional shares of common stock.
We will need substantial additional funding to support our continuing operations and pursue our long-term business plans. Accordingly, our future funding requirements will depend on many factors, including but not limited to:
•the number and characteristics of other product candidates that we pursue;
•the scope, progress, timing, cost and results of research, preclinical development, and clinical trials;
•the magnitude and frequency of any strategic transactions we engage in to build out our pipeline or enhance our royalty aggregation strategy;
•our ability to maintain, expand and defend the scope of our intellectual property portfolio, including the amount and timing of any payments we may be required to make in connection with the licensing, filing, defense and enforcement of any patents or other intellectual property rights;
•our ability to hire when needed additional management, scientific and medical personnel;
•our need to implement additional internal systems and infrastructure, including financial and reporting systems; and
•the economic and other terms, timing of and success of our existing strategic partnerships, and any collaboration, asset monetization, licensing, or other arrangements into which we may enter in the future, including the timing of receipt of any milestone or royalty payments under these agreements.
If adequate funds are not available at favorable terms, we may be required to reduce operating expenses, delay or reduce the scope of our product development and strategic transactions, obtain funds through arrangements with others that may require us to relinquish rights to certain of our technologies or products that we would otherwise seek to develop or commercialize, either alone or with our strategic partners, or cease operations. If we do raise additional capital through public or private equity or convertible debt offerings, the ownership interest of our existing stockholders will be diluted, and the terms of these securities may include liquidation or other preferences that adversely affect our stockholders’ rights. If we raise additional capital through debt financing, we may be subject to covenants limiting or restricting our ability to take specific actions, such as incurring additional debt, making capital expenditures or declaring dividends. A deterioration in the equity or credit markets may make any necessary debt or equity financing more difficult, more costly and more dilutive.
Segment Reporting
We view our operations and manage our business in one segment, which is the Management of a portfolio of licensed healthcare assets and development of novel multifunctional biotherapeutics.
Outstanding Share Data
Our authorized share capital consists of 1,000,000,000 shares of stock, consisting of 900,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.00001 per share, and 100,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value 0.00001 per share. As of August 4, 2026, 70,959,241 shares of common stock were issued and outstanding. In addition, as of August 4, 2026, we had 4,278,906 shares of common stock issuable pursuant to 4,278,906 exercisable outstanding stock options, 4,055,876 shares of common stock issuable pursuant to 4,055,876 outstanding options that were not exercisable at that date, and 2,615,644 shares of common stock issuable upon vesting of outstanding time-based restricted stock units and performance stock units.
In connection with the Plan of Arrangement (as defined in Note 8 - Stockholders' Equity - Authorized Share Capital and Preferred Stock of our interim condensed consolidated financial statements as of and for three months ended June 30, 2026 within this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q), we issued to Computershare Trust Company of Canada, a trust company existing under the laws of Canada (the “Share Trustee”), one share of our preferred stock, par value $0.00001 per share, which has certain variable voting rights in proportion to the number of Exchangeable Shares outstanding, enabling the Share Trustee to exercise voting rights for the benefit of the holders of Exchangeable Shares. In connection with the consummation of the Plan of Arrangement, 1,424,533 Exchangeable Shares were issued to former Zymeworks BC shareholders. We will issue shares of our common stock as
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consideration when a holder of Exchangeable Shares calls for Exchangeable Shares to be retracted by ExchangeCo, when ExchangeCo redeems Exchangeable Shares from the holder, or when Zymeworks CallCo ULC (“CallCo”) purchases Exchangeable Shares from the holder of Exchangeable Shares under CallCo’s overriding call rights. Unless redeemed earlier in accordance with their terms, any Exchangeable Shares that remain outstanding on the seventh anniversary of the effectiveness of our Redomicile Transactions will be redeemed on such seventh anniversary, subject to any extension approved by the directors of ExchangeCo. For additional information and the meaning of defined terms referenced in this paragraph, please see Note 8 - Stockholders' Equity - Authorized Share Capital and Preferred Stock of our interim condensed consolidated financial statements as of and for the three months ended June 30, 2026, within this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
As of August 4, 2026, 883,732 Exchangeable Shares have been exchanged on a one-to-one basis for 883,732 shares of our common stock and 540,801 Exchangeable Shares are held by former Zymeworks BC shareholders and are exchangeable on a one-to-one basis, subject to adjustment, for up to 540,801 shares of our common stock.