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Item 3 — Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Barings Bdc, Inc. · 10-Q · Q2 FY2026 · Period ended Jun 30, 2026
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We are subject to market risk. Market risk includes risks that arise from changes in interest rates, commodity prices, equity prices and other market changes that affect market sensitive instruments. The fair value of securities held by us may decline in response to certain events, including those directly involving the companies we invest in; conditions affecting the general economy; overall market changes; global pandemics; legislative reform; local, regional, national or global political, social or economic instability; and interest rate fluctuations.
In addition, we are subject to interest rate risk. Interest rate risk is defined as the sensitivity of our current and future earnings to interest rate volatility, variability of spread relationships, the difference in re-pricing intervals between our assets and liabilities and the effect that interest rates may have on our cash flows. Changes in the general level of interest rates can affect our net interest income, which is the difference between the interest income earned on interest earning assets and our interest expense incurred in connection with our interest bearing debt and liabilities. Changes in interest rates can also affect, among other things, our ability to acquire and originate loans and securities and the value of our investment portfolio. Our net investment income is affected by fluctuations in various interest rates, including EURIBOR, BBSY, STIBOR, CORRA, SOFR, SONIA, SARON, NIBOR and BKBM. Our risk management systems and procedures are designed to identify and analyze our risk, to set appropriate policies and limits and to continually monitor these risks. We regularly measure exposure to interest rate risk and determine whether or not any hedging transactions are necessary to mitigate exposure to changes in interest rates. We currently, and may in the future, hedge against interest rate fluctuations by using hedging instruments such as additional interest rate swaps, futures, options and forward contracts. While hedging activities may mitigate our exposure to adverse fluctuations in interest rates, certain hedging transactions that we have entered into and may enter into in the future, such as interest rate swap agreements, may also limit our ability to participate in the benefits of changes in interest rates with respect to our portfolio investments.
The U.S. Federal Reserve has adjusted benchmark interest rates several times in recent years, including periods of raising interest rates to address inflation, as well as rate cuts and periods where rates were held steady. Changes in interest rates may affect our net investment income. A prolonged reduction in interest rates will reduce our gross investment income and could result in a decrease in our net investment income if such decreases in SOFR are not offset by a corresponding increase in the spread over SOFR that we earn on any portfolio investments, a decrease in our operating expenses, including with respect to our income incentive fee, or a decrease in the interest rate of our floating interest rate liabilities tied to SOFR.
As of June 30, 2026, approximately $1,925.8 million (principal amount) of our debt portfolio investments bore interest at variable rates, which generally are SOFR-based (or based on an equivalent applicable currency rate), and many of which are subject to certain floors. As of June 30, 2026, approximately $877.2 million (principal amount) of our borrowings bore interest at variable rates (approximately 62.2% of our total borrowings as of June 30, 2026) under the February 2019 Credit Facility, the February 2029 Notes and the September 2028 Notes. See “Note 5. Borrowings” to our Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements for information about the variable interest rates and spreads applicable to borrowings under the February 2019 Credit Facility, the February 2029 Notes and the September 2028 Notes.
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Based on our June 30, 2026 Unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheet, the following table shows the annual impact on net income of hypothetical base rate changes in interest rates on our debt investments and borrowings (considering interest rate floors for variable rate instruments) assuming no changes in our investment and borrowing structure:
(in thousands)Basis Point Change(1) Interest Income Interest Expense Net Income(2)
Up 300 basis points $ 57,774 $ 26,317 $ 31,457
Up 200 basis points 38,516 17,545 20,971
Up 100 basis points 19,258 8,772 10,486
Down 25 basis points (4,814) (2,193) (2,621)
Down 50 basis points (9,629) (4,386) (5,243)
(1) Excludes the impact of foreign currency exchange.
(2) Excludes the impact of Income-Based Fees. See “Note 2. Agreements and Related Party Transactions” to our Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements for more information on the Income-Based Fees.
We may also have exposure to foreign currencies related to certain investments. Such investments are translated into U.S. dollars based on the spot rate at the relevant balance sheet date, exposing us to movements in the exchange rate. In order to reduce our exposure to fluctuations in exchange rates, we generally borrow in local foreign currencies under the February 2019 Credit Facility to finance such investments. As of June 30, 2026, we had U.S. dollar borrowings of $122.5 million outstanding under the February 2019 Credit Facility with a weighted average interest rate of 5.594% (one month SOFR of 3.619%), borrowings denominated in Canadian dollars of C$2.0 million ($1.4 million U.S. dollars) with an interest rate of 4.451% (one month CORRA of 2.576%) and borrowings denominated in Euros of €134.1 million ($153.3 million U.S. dollars) with a weighted average interest rate of 4.056% (one month EURIBOR of 2.181%).