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A. History and Development of the Company
Overview
We design, convert, own and operate marine infrastructure for the liquefaction of natural gas, and are a leading provider of FLNG as a service. We believe that natural gas has a critical role to play in providing cleaner energy for many years to come. Our pioneering infrastructure solutions provide safe, competitive and sustainable ways of liquefying gas globally. Our mission is to be recognized as an organization with an outstanding reputation for safe, reliable and cost-effective operations; to employ and develop talented people who appreciate the impact of their work towards the Company's mission; to develop a portfolio of new FLNG infrastructure opportunities and convert the best opportunities into world-class projects; and to be a great business partner, where combining skills and resources makes a big difference.
Our strategy is to provide market-leading FLNG operations and maintain balance sheet flexibility to maximize shareholder returns through accretive FLNG projects. We offer gas resource holders a proven, capital efficient and timely solution to monetize stranded, associated, flared or otherwise underutilized gas reserves. Our industry leading FLNG operational track record and FLNG growth prospects allow gas resource holders, developers and customers access to a low-cost, low-risk, rapidly deployable solution for natural gas liquefaction.
FLNG projects provide a solution for gas reserves where geographical, technical, political and economic constraints limit monetization through traditional infrastructure. Our standardized FLNG units can be redeployed to new opportunities after producing a field and offer a viable economic alternative to large-scale land-based projects. Our liquefaction solution and accelerated execution model place liquefaction technology onboard an existing LNG carrier, converting such carriers into a fully commissioned FLNG. As of March 16, 2026, we are currently the only company with a proven track-record to deliver FLNG as a service to gas resource owners.
The FLNG industry is in the early stages of development, and we do not currently face significant competition from other providers of FLNG services. There are currently nine FLNGs on the water, including our two that provide liquefaction as a service (FLNG Hilli and FLNG Gimi), six FLNGs being used to liquefy the resource holder’s own gas and one being used to liquefy gas to service its downstream portfolio. Further, there are currently five FLNGs under conversion or construction, including our MKII FLNG. We anticipate that more companies will enter the FLNG industry at some point in the future, resulting in greater competition.
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History and development of the business
We are listed on Nasdaq under the ticker “GLNG”. We are incorporated under the name Golar LNG Limited as an exempted company under the Bermuda Companies Act of 1981 in the Islands of Bermuda on May 10, 2001, and our registered office is at 2nd Floor, S.E. Pearman Building, 9 Par-la-Ville Road, Hamilton HM 11, Bermuda. Our telephone number at that address is +(1) 441 295 4705. Our principal administrative office is located at 6th Floor, The Zig Zag, 70 Victoria Street, London, SW1E 6SQ, United Kingdom and our telephone number at that address is +44 207 063 7900. The Commission maintains an internet site that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information that we file electronically with the Commission and this can be obtained from the Commission’s website at (http://www.sec.gov) or from the “SEC filings” tab in the “Investor Relations” section of our website (www.golarlng.com). Information contained on our website does not constitute part of this annual report.
Our operations have evolved from LNG shipping, floating regasification, floating liquefaction and combined cycle gas fired power to a focus on floating liquefaction operations as we executed a strategic transformation to simplify our business to unlock value and deleverage our balance sheet.
Key developments during the past three years include the following:
Asset divestments
•Golar Arctic: In March 2025, we completed the sale of our last LNG carrier for $24.8 million. Following this sale, we have fully exited our legacy shipping business.
•Avenir LNG: In January 2025, we sold our equity method investment in Avenir for $39.1 million.
•Golar Gandria: In May 2023, we disposed of our LNG carrier, Gandria, for net proceeds of $15.2 million.
•Listed equity holdings: In 2023, we divested our holdings of 1.2 million shares in New Fortress Energy Inc. (“NFE”) and 4.5 million shares in Cool Company Ltd (“CoolCo”), generating total proceeds of $45.6 million and $56.1 million, respectively. In March 2023, we also exchanged our remaining 4.1 million NFE shares and $100.0 million in cash for NFE’s common units in FLNG Hilli.
FLNG developments
•FLNG Gimi: In June 2025, FLNG Gimi reached COD, triggering the commencement of the 20-year LOA for the GTA Project unlocking approximately $4.3 billion of Adjusted EBITDA backlog, of which Golar's share is approximately $3.0 billion.
•FLNG Hilli: In December 2024, we acquired the remaining non-controlling interest in FLNG Hilli for $59.9 million, resulting in full ownership of FLNG Hilli. In May 2025, we satisfied all conditions precedent in connection with agreements with SESA for a 20-year deployment of FLNG Hilli offshore Argentina, commencing in 2027. The contract is expected to generate approximately $5.7 billion in Adjusted EBITDA backlog, excluding inflation and commodity-linked upside.
•MKII FLNG: In September 2024, we executed the EPC agreement with CIMC for our first 3.5 mtpa MKII FLNG conversion, with an estimated total project cost of approximately $2.2 billion (excluding financing costs) and delivery expected in the fourth quarter of 2027. In October 2025, we satisfied all conditions precedent in connection with agreements with SESA for a 20-year deployment of the MKII FLNG offshore Argentina, commencing in 2028. The contract is expected to generate approximately $8.0 billion in Adjusted EBITDA backlog, excluding inflation and commodity-linked upside.
The achievement of commercial operations for FLNG Gimi, together with the long-term redeployment of FLNG Hilli and the contracting of our MKII FLNG offshore Argentina, collectively demonstrate the continued expansion of our contracted FLNG portfolio and our progress in advancing floating liquefaction solutions.
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Market outlook and commercial pipeline
We continue to observe increasing demand for additional FLNG capacity, supporting the development of our commercial opportunity pipeline. During the fourth quarter of 2025, we obtained updated shipyard availability, pricing and delivery terms for each of our three FLNG designs, discussed below, with liquefaction capacity ranging from approximately 2 mtpa to 5 mtpa.
While we strongly believe there is demand for additional FLNG units, FLNG project development is complex and typically involves extended timelines. In addition to negotiating commercial agreements, such projects require regulatory and environmental approvals, which may affect development timing.
During the second half of 2025, the LNG market saw increased attention on a projected wave of new liquefaction capacity expected to come online over the next approximately five years. A significant portion of this anticipated capacity is expected to be located in the United States, which is currently the largest LNG exporter and a key marginal supplier to the global LNG market. During the first quarter of 2026, the focus has shifted from focusing on the supply wave driven by US volumes to energy diversification and security in light of the ongoing war in the Middle East. We now see increasing pace of our commercial pipeline to deploy additional FLNG units.
We believe FLNG solutions remain competitive due to their ability to monetize gas reserves that may otherwise be difficult to develop, relatively competitive liquefaction capital costs, operational flexibility, and, in certain cases, shorter shipping distances between production sites and end markets compared with global averages. These developments support our strategy of pursuing additional long-term contracted FLNG infrastructure opportunities.
B. Business Overview
Our business
Golar’s business is to actively seek monetization of attractive gas reserves globally utilizing our FLNG technology. Liquefaction projects have three key cost factors: (i) cost of natural gas input, (ii) capex of liquefaction plant, and (iii) transportation cost or shipping distance from liquefaction to end-users. Floating liquefaction solutions enable monetization of proven stranded, associated and flare gas resources that can be sourced competitively compared to typical input gas cost for land-based liquefaction solutions. Golar has demonstrated a capex/ton of liquefaction capacity of up to approximately 40% compared to land-based liquefaction developments. The increased flexibility of a moveable asset that can be repositioned between gas fields enables monetization of gas reserves that would otherwise be too small or geographically located too challenging to be economically monetized through land-based liquefaction solutions.
The FLNG industry has grown from the first unit delivery in 2018 to now be 9 units in operation and another 5 currently under construction. We are pleased to see increased adoption of FLNG projects globally. Golar remains the only proven provider of FLNG as a service. Our unique position as the only service provider allows LNG resource owners a liquefaction solution with a proven design, market leading operational track record and no capex requirement for the FLNG solution until cash flow from LNG sales start.
The attractiveness of FLNG to monetize gas and Golar’s position as the only proven provider of FLNG as a service drive demand for our FLNG solutions. We target long term contracts for gas monetization of attractive gas resource where we aim to structure the commercial arrangements to align with the gas resource owners. Our commercial structures therefore vary from project to project. All our contracts are structured under English law, paid in US dollars and for our long-term contracts operational expenses are reimbursable or covered by the client directly.
The development of any major FLNG project involves multiple stakeholders, including resource owners, national and international energy companies, governments, contractors, technology providers, regulators and international organizations. While this collaborative structure requires coordination across multiple parties and approval processes, it also reflects the strategic importance of FLNG developments and the broad industry and governmental support typically associated with such projects. We actively engage with stakeholders throughout the project lifecycle to facilitate alignment and progress, although the timing and execution of future FLNG projects remain subject to commercial, technical, regulatory and governmental approvals, some of which are outside our direct control.
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Our Fleet
As of March 16, 2026, our fleet consists of two FLNGs on the water (FLNG Hilli and the FLNG Gimi) and one FLNG in conversion (Fuji LNG being converted into the MKII FLNG). Our fleet and standardized FLNG designs are summarized below.
FLNG Hilli
FLNG Hilli, currently operating offshore Cameroon, was the world's first converted FLNG from an LNG carrier. Originally constructed as a Moss-type LNG carrier, the Hilli was converted into a FLNG unit in 2018 and has a nameplate liquefaction capacity of approximately 2.45 mtpa. As of March 16, 2026, FLNG Hilli has offloaded a total of 148 LNG cargoes and produced around 10.4 million tonnes of LNG since the start of operations under the LTA.
FLNG Hilli is currently operating under an LTA with Perenco and SNH until July 2026. Upon maturity of the LTA, the vessel will undergo upgrades and life extension works at Seatrium’s shipyard in Singapore prior to its long-term redeployment offshore Argentina under a 20-year charter with SESA, expected to commence in the second half of 2027, subject to final commissioning and regulatory approvals.
We have committed $350 million of capital expenditures for refurbishment and life-extension works required prior to the redeployment of FLNG Hilli under a 20-year agreement with SESA.
FLNG Gimi
In 2019, Gimi MS Corporation (“Gimi MS”) and Golar MS Operator S.A.R.L., entered into the LOA in connection with the employment of FLNG Gimi as part of the first phase of bp’s GTA Project offshore Mauritania and Senegal.
The FLNG Gimi is designed to produce approximately 2.7 mtpa of LNG. The GTA field is estimated to contain approximately 15 trillion cubic feet of gas resources.
FLNG Gimi achieved COD in June 2025, triggering the commencement of the 20-year LOA. As of March 16, 2026, FLNG Gimi has offloaded a total of 26 LNG cargoes and produced around 1.8 million tonnes of LNG since the start of operations.
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MKII FLNG
The MKII FLNG represents our 3.5 mtpa next-generation design and is currently under construction at CIMC's shipyard in China. In 2023, we purchased the Fuji LNG which was identified as a suitable donor vessel for the FLNG conversion project. In September 2024, we executed the EPC agreement with CIMC for the conversion of Fuji LNG into our first 3.5 mtpa MKII FLNG.
The total conversion budget is estimated at approximately $2.2 billion, excluding financing costs. This estimate includes the donor vessel, conversion works, yard supervision, spares, crew recruitment and training, contingencies, initial bunker supply and voyage-related delivery costs.
Standardized FLNG Designs
We have developed three standardized FLNG designs, as follows:
•Mark I
FLNG Hilli and FLNG Gimi are both Mark I (“MKI”) FLNGs. The MKI design has a nameplate capacity of up to 2.7 mtpa and is based on the conversion of a Moss-type LNG carrier. Sponsons are added to either side of the LNG carrier to create the necessary deck space to accommodate the topsides liquefaction and gas processing equipment. Power generation, utility and auxiliary systems and storage are located within the new sponsons and the existing donor vessel hull.
The Mark I conversions were executed in collaboration with our principal contractors, Seatrium (formerly Keppel Shipyard) and Black & Veatch, who delivered both FLNG Hilli and FLNG Gimi.
•Mark II
The Mark II (“MKII”) FLNG design has a nameplate capacity of up to 3.5 mtpa and is also based on the conversion of a Moss-type LNG carrier. The MKII design involves the construction of a new midship section to accommodate the liquefaction and gas processing equipment, while power generation, utility and auxiliary systems and storage are located within the new midship section and the existing donor vessel hull.
The higher nameplate capacity is achieved through the use of larger liquefaction trains and a more efficient configuration of the liquefaction equipment. This modularized conversion approach is designed to reduce construction, delivery and commissioning timelines compared to earlier designs. This approach also expands the number of shipyards and fabrication facilities capable of executing the conversion, which could enhance competitive tension among contractors and potentially improve commercial terms, including construction pricing and payment structures.
We are currently executing our first MKII FLNG conversion project at CIMC, with Black & Veatch providing engineering and procurement services for the liquefaction and gas processing systems.
•Mark III
The Mark III design targets larger gas field developments and is intended to provide an offshore alternative to certain land-based LNG projects. This design has a nameplate capacity of up to 5.4 mtpa, increased storage capacity relative to the Mark I and Mark II designs, and is based on a newbuild hull rather than the conversion of an existing Moss-type LNG carrier. We currently estimate that a Mark III FLNG would require approximately four years from final investment decision to commissioning, subject to project scope, contracting structure and shipyard availability.
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Our Customers
Our FLNG units are under long-term contracts, including the MKII FLNG which is still under conversion, with international energy companies and regional partners. These contracts are structured to limit our exposure to sovereign, currency and operational risks, and to provide revenue visibility over the contract term. The contracts typically span up to 20 years and include defined operational and cost allocation mechanisms. In addition, although our FLNG units operate in foreign jurisdictions, contract payments are denominated in U.S. dollars and the agreements are governed by English law. The following chart summarizes key commercial terms of our FLNG contracts as of March 16, 2026:
FLNG FLNG Hilli FLNG Gimi FLNG Hilli MKII FLNG
Customer Perenco and SNH bp/Kosmos SESA
COD June 2018 June 2025 Expected H2 2027 Expected 2028
End date of fixed contract term July 2026 June 2045 Expected H2 2047 Expected 2048
Currency of contract payment USD USD USD USD
Country of operations Cameroon Mauritania / Senegal Argentina Argentina
Contract legal jurisdiction English law English law English law English law
Opex responsibility Covered by Golar Reimbursable by customer Covered by SESA Covered by SESA
FLNG Hilli
FLNG Hilli is currently operating under the LTA with Perenco and SNH which expires in mid-July 2026. Upon expiry of the LTA in July 2026, FLNG Hilli will undergo upgrade and life extension works in Singapore prior to commencing a 20-year redeployment contract with SESA offshore Argentina.
•Perenco and SNH
The contract with Perenco and SNH for FLNG Hilli is structured as a tolling arrangement with commodity-linked upside. The contract provides fixed capacity payments with additional upside linked to Brent and TTF price movements, with our commodity exposure limited to those reference indices.
•SESA
The contract with SESA consists of a fixed tariff of $285 million per year plus a commodity-linked upside. Scheduled to commence commercial operations in 2027, the contract is expected to generate approximately $5.7 billion of Adjusted EBITDA backlog, before commodity-linked upside and inflationary adjustments. All budgeted operating costs are borne by SESA, except for certain insurance costs.
The commodity linked tariff component is upside oriented. Golar will make 25% of realized Free on Board (“FOB”) prices above a reference price of US$ 8/mmbtu, with no cap to the upside for gas prices. Golar has also agreed to a mechanism where the charter hire can be partially reduced for FOB prices below a reference price of $7.5/mmbtu down to a floor of $6/mmbtu. Under this mechanism, the maximum accumulated discount over the life of FLNG Hilli's contract has a cap of $88 million, and any outstanding discounted amounts will be repaid through an additional upside sharing if FOB prices return to levels above $7.5/mmbtu. Golar is not exposed to further downside in the commodity-linked FLNG charter mechanism. The respective reference prices are subject to an inflationary adjustment after contract year five.
The FLNG Hilli will initially receive gas from the existing San Martin pipeline, until a dedicated pipeline is completed to supply gas directly from the Vaca Muerta shale deposit in the Neuquén Basin, the world’s second largest shale gas formation.
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FLNG Gimi
FLNG Gimi operates under a 20-year LOA with bp in connection with the Greater Tortue Ahmeyim (“GTA”) Project offshore Mauritania and Senegal. Following COD in June 2025, the 20-year lease term commenced and provides contracted revenue visibility through 2045. The LOA represents approximately $4.3 billion of Adjusted EBITDA backlog (100% basis), of which Golar’s share is approximately $3.0 billion.
The LOA for FLNG Gimi is structured as a pure tolling agreement with availability-based payments, ensuring that we assume no volume risk and limited utilization risk. The day rate is performance based, anchored to a 2.4 mtpa base capacity, which represents 90% of nameplate capacity. Availability and utilization payments are de-linked from oil and gas prices, allowing the LOA to provide attractive returns in a broad range of energy price environments. All budgeted operating costs and expenses, except for insurance, are passed through to bp for reimbursement. The LOA also provides protections in the event of contract termination, including termination payments equal to the lessee’s credit support amount.
In June 2025, the FLNG Gimi completed acceptance tests and reached its COD. COD triggered the start of the 20-year LOA term that unlocks the equivalent of around $4.3 billion Adjusted EBITDA, of which we have a 70% ownership interest.
MKII FLNG
The MKII FLNG is currently undergoing conversion at CIMC and is expected to deliver from the Shipyard at the end of 2027. In October 2025 all outstanding conditions precedent and customary closing conditions were satisfied for MKII FLNG's 20-year contract with SESA offshore Argentina in the Gulf of San Matías.
The contract with SESA consists of a fixed tariff of $400 million per year plus a commodity linked upside. Scheduled to commence commercial operations in 2028, the contract is expected to generate approximately $8.0 billion of Adjusted EBITDA backlog, before commodity-linked upside and inflationary adjustments. All budgeted operating costs are borne by SESA, except for certain insurance costs.
The commodity linked tariff component is upside oriented. Golar will make 25% of realized FOB prices above a reference price of US$ 8/mmbtu, with no cap to the upside for gas prices. Golar has also agreed to a mechanism where the charter hire can be partially reduced for FOB prices below a reference price of $7.5/mmbtu down to a floor of $6/mmbtu. Under this mechanism, the maximum accumulated discount over the life of MKII FLNG's contract has a cap of $122 million, and any outstanding discounted amounts will be repaid through an additional upside sharing if FOB prices return to levels above $7.5/mmbtu. Golar is not exposed to further downside in the commodity-linked FLNG charter mechanism. The respective reference prices will be subject to an inflationary adjustment after contract year five.
Overall, our contracted FLNG units provide approximately $17 billion of forward-looking Adjusted EBITDA backlog over the next 20 years, before commodity-linked upside and inflationary adjustments. As of December 31, 2025, backlog is primarily attributable to the 20-year LOA for FLNG Gimi and the 20-year charters for FLNG Hilli and MKII FLNG offshore Argentina as summarized below.
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Seasonality
Historically, LNG trade volumes, and consequently LNG commodity prices, have increased during the northern hemisphere winter months and eased during the summer months, as demand for LNG for heating rises in colder weather and declines in warmer weather. Seasonal demand during the summer months has increased in certain markets due to energy requirements for air conditioning and, in some regions, reduced availability of hydropower generation.
Certain of our tolling arrangements include both fixed capacity payments and variable components that provide exposure to underlying commodity price indices. As a result of seasonal fluctuations in LNG demand and pricing, and to the extent our revenues include commodity-linked components, results of operations for individual quarterly periods may vary and may not be indicative of full-year results.
Seasonality can also impact production volumes. The throughput of a liquefaction plant is sensitive to ambient temperatures, with colder conditions generally supporting higher production efficiency. Accordingly, throughput variations between winter and summer months should be expected. Where our invoicing includes volume-based components, such seasonal throughput variations may also contribute to fluctuations in quarterly operating results.
Vessel Maintenance
Safety is our top operational priority. Our vessels are operated in a manner intended to protect the health and safety of our employees, the general public and the environment. We carry out inspections of our vessels on a regular basis which result in a report containing recommendations for improvements to the overall condition of the vessel, maintenance, safety and crew welfare. Based in part on these evaluations, we create and implement a program of continual maintenance and improvement for our vessels and their systems.
We also actively work to manage the risks inherent in our business and are committed to preventing incidents that may compromise safety, such as fires, environmental spills or any harm to people. Additionally, we are committed to minimizing emissions and waste and have established key performance indicators to facilitate regular monitoring of operational performance, including lost time injury frequency monitoring, total recordable case frequency reporting, carbon dioxide, sulfur oxide, nitrogen oxide, methane and particulate matter emissions, total waste disposed of, spills, and crew retention rates, among others. We set targets to drive continuous improvement, and regularly review performance indicators to determine if remedial action is necessary to reach our targets.
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Our operations utilize a thorough risk management program that includes, among other things, computer-aided risk analysis tools, maintenance and assessment programs, offshore worker’s competence training program, offshore worker’s workshops and membership to emergency response organizations. Golar Management AS maintains its ISO 9001 certification for a quality management system, ISO 14001 certification for an environmental management system and ISO 45001 certification for an occupational health and safety management system and is certified in accordance with the IMO’s International Safety Management (“ISM”), on a fully integrated basis. The ISO 27001 certification for Golar Management AS’s IT Department, is also maintained.
As of March 16, 2026, all our vessels are “in class”. The FLNG Hilli and FLNG Gimi are certified by Det Norske Veritas. These class certificates are renewed every five years.
Our contractual vessel management obligations to certain customers have been outsourced to third-party ship managers. Outsourcing this non-core aspect of our operations affords operational and cost efficiency and provides appropriate access to supporting administrative functions.
Risk of Loss and Insurance
The operation of our FLNGs has inherent risks which includes mechanical failure, personal injury, collision, property loss, vessel or cargo loss or damage and business interruption due to physical damage and/or political circumstances in foreign countries and/or war risk situations or hostilities, cyber risk or pandemics. In addition, there is always an inherent possibility of marine disaster, including explosion, spills and other environmental casualties, and the liabilities arising from owning and operating FLNGs in international trade.
We have obtained:
•property damage (also known as hull and machinery) insurance on all of our FLNGs to protect us against marine and war risks, which include the risks of damage to our FLNGs, salvage or towing costs, and also insure against actual or constructive total loss of any of our FLNGs. However, our insurance policies contain deductible amounts for which we will be responsible in the event of a claim. We have also obtained additional total loss coverage for each FLNG, which provides additional coverage in the event of the total loss of an FLNG;
•business interruption insurance to protect us against loss of income in the event one of our FLNGs cannot be employed due to property damage that is covered under the terms of the insurance. Under our business interruption policies, our insurer will indemnify our losses up to the daily rate agreed in respect of each FLNG for each day, in excess of a certain number of deductible days, for the time that the FLNG is out of service as a result of eligible damage. The maximum coverage is 360 days, with number of deductible days varying from 60 days to 90 days, depending on the FLNG; and
•protection and indemnity insurance, which covers our third-party legal liabilities in connection with our FLNG activities, is provided by mutual protection and indemnity associations (“P&I clubs”). This includes third-party liability and other liability arising from injury or death of crew members, passengers and other third-party persons, loss or damage to cargo, claims arising from collisions with other vessels or from contact with jetties or wharves and other damage to other third-party property, including pollution arising from oil or other substances, and other related costs, including wreck removal. Subject to the capping discussed below, our coverage, except for pollution, is unlimited.
The current protection and indemnity insurance coverage for pollution is $1.0 billion per vessel per incident. The twelve P&I clubs that comprise the International Group of Protection and Indemnity Clubs (the “International Group”) insure approximately 90% of the non-sanctioned global commercial tonnage and have entered into a pooling agreement to reinsure each association’s liabilities. Each P&I club has capped its exposure in this pooling agreement so that the maximum claim covered by the pool and its reinsurance would be approximately $8.9 billion per accident or occurrence. We are a member of Skuld P&I club. As a member, we are subject to a call for additional premiums based on the clubs’ claims record, as well as the claims record of all other members of the P&I clubs comprising the International Group.
We have also obtained ship manager’s liability insurance to protect us against contractual liabilities with one of our customers and insurances for our on-shore inventory and the global transport of materials for our operations, in addition to a company-wide comprehensive third-party liability cover. Moreover, a cybersecurity insurance has been obtained which provides cover for property damage, business interruption and enterprise or hardware risk.
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We believe that our current insurance coverage is adequate to protect us against the accident-related risks involved in the conduct of our business and that we maintain appropriate levels of environmental damage and pollution insurance coverage consistent with standard industry practice. However, not all risks can be insured, and there can be no guarantee that any specific claim will be paid, or that we will always be able to obtain adequate insurance coverage at reasonable premiums.
Environmental and Other Regulations
General
Our operations are subject to various international treaties and conventions, and to the applicable local, national and subnational laws and regulations of the countries in which our vessels operate or are registered. Such laws and regulations cover a variety of topics, including but not limited to, air, water pollution, waste and oily waste and hazardous material management, protection of natural resources, biodiversity conservation and occupational health and safety of our offshore personnel, which may require us to obtain governmental permits and authorizations before we conduct certain activities. Failure to comply with these laws or to obtain the necessary business and technical licenses could result in sanctions including suspension and/or freezing of our operations and responsibility for all damages arising from any violation.
Governments may also periodically revise their environmental laws and regulations or adopt new ones, and the effects of new or revised laws and regulations on our operations cannot be predicted. Any non-compliance or failure to obtain and maintain necessary permits or approvals could require us to incur substantial costs or temporarily suspend the operation of one or more of our vessels. There can be no assurance that additional significant costs and liabilities will not be incurred to comply with such current and future laws and regulations, or that such laws and regulations will not have a material effect on our operations. Similar or more stringent laws, regulations and permitting requirements may also apply to our customers, including oil and gas exploration and production companies, which may impact demand for our services.
•Environmental regulations in Cameroon
Our operations in Cameroon are governed by the Ministry of Environment, Nature Protection and Sustainable Development, which, among other things, administers the National Environmental Management Plan, requires environmental impact assessments for any development which may endanger the environment, and regulates pollution to the air, water, and other biological resources, including maritime activities. Cameroon is a signatory to international agreements regarding climate change and greenhouse gases including the Paris Agreement and the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (“UNFCCC”).
•Environmental regulations in Mauritania and Senegal
Our operations in Mauritania and Senegal are governed by various government bodies, including the respective Ministries of Environment and Sustainable Development in Mauritania and Senegal, and the Department of Environment and Classified Establishments in Senegal. Mauritania and Senegal have also entered into several international conventions, protocols and bilateral agreements which establish environmental quality standards for waste management, including discharge of chemicals to the marine environment. Mauritania and Senegal are also signatories to the Paris Agreement and the UNFCCC.
•Environmental regulations in Brazil
Our operations in Brazil are governed by various environmental laws and regulations, including the Brazilian Institute for the Environment and Renewable Natural Resources, the National Environmental Council, and state environmental agencies. These agencies regulate environmental licensing for activities that could cause significant adverse environmental impact, water use permitting, and quality standards for air, water, and soil. Brazil is also a signatory to the Paris Agreement and the UNFCCC.
•U.S. and International Maritime Regulations
We must comply with key regulations set forth by the International Maritime Organization (“IMO”), such as the International Safety Management Code, International Code for the Construction and Equipment of Ships Carrying Liquefied Gases in Bulk (“IGC Code”), amendments to the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, the International Ship and Port Facility Security Code, and the IMO’s Marine Pollution standards. The evolving nature of IMO regulations poses uncertainties to our business, and non-compliance may result in increased liability, penalties, reductions in insurance coverage, or port access issues.
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With respect to our limited exposure to U.S. waters, we are subject to various federal, state, and local laws and regulations relating to the protection of the environment, including the Oil Pollution Act, Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act, the Clean Water Act, and the Clean Air Act. These environmental laws and regulations may impose substantial penalties for noncompliance and liabilities for pollution.
Sustainability reporting
We have published our annual Environmental, Social and Governance (“ESG”) Report on our website since 2020. Our 2024 ESG Report is currently available on our website, and the 2025 ESG Report will be published in the coming months.
The European Union’s CSRD, which entered into force in January 2023 and has subsequently been modified. At this time, based on our current structure and operations, we do not believe that we are subject to CSRD reporting obligations. In March 2026, the Omnibus I Directive was adopted, which simplifies the CSRD and limits its application. However, the regulatory landscape continues to evolve, and future guidance or amendments from the European Commission could potentially affect the applicability of these requirements to the Company.
In addition, regulatory developments in the United States, particularly at the state level with respect to climate-related disclosure requirements, aimed at increasing transparency around climate-related risks, greenhouse gas emissions, and governance practices. While these requirements are not currently applicable to the Company, we continue to monitor regulatory developments in both the European Union and the United States to assess potential implications for our future reporting obligations.
C. Organizational Structure
Golar LNG Limited is a Bermuda-incorporated holding company. For a list of our significant subsidiaries, see Exhibit 8.1 to this annual report and note 4 “Subsidiaries” of our consolidated financial statements included herein. All of our subsidiaries are, directly or indirectly, wholly-owned by us except for Gimi MS.
D. Property, Plant and Equipment
For information on our fleet, please see the section of “Item 4 - B. Business Overview”.
We do not own any interest in real estate. As of December 31, 2025, we lease the following office spaces: 10,700 square feet in London, England; 27,100 square feet in Oslo, Norway; 2,500 square feet in Hamilton, Bermuda; 2,100 square feet in Douala, Cameroon; 415 square feet in Nouakchott, Mauritania; and 130 square feet in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.