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A.History and Development of the Company
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Our legal name is Marex Group plc and our commercial name is Marex.
We were incorporated under the laws of England and Wales in November 2005.
Our principal executive offices are located at 155 Bishopsgate, London, EC2M 3TQ, United
Kingdom and 140 East 45th Street, 10th Floor, New York, New York 10017. The telephone numbers at
these addresses are +44 2076 556000 and (212) 618-2800, respectively.
Our agent for service of process in the United States is Marex Capital Markets Inc. located at 140
East 45th Street, 10th Floor, New York, New York 10017.
For a description of our principal capital expenditures and divestitures for the three years ended
December 31, 2025 and for those currently in progress, see Item 5. “Operating and Financial Review and
Prospects”; and Notes 15 and 16 to our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this
Annual Report.
The SEC maintains an Internet site that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and
other information regarding issuers, such as we, that file electronically, with the SEC at www.sec.gov.
Our website address is www.marex.com. Information contained on, or that can be accessed
through our website does not constitute a part of this Annual Report and is not incorporated by reference
herein. We have included our website address in this Annual Report solely for informational purposes.
B.Business Overview
Our Company
We provide market access, infrastructure services and essential liquidity to clients across global
commodity and financial markets. The Group provides comprehensive breadth and depth of coverage
across four services: Clearing, Agency and Execution, Market Making and Hedging and Investment
Solutions. It has a leading franchise in many major metals, energy and agricultural products, with access
to more than 60 exchanges. Marex has over 3,400 active clients, including some of the largest commodity
producers, consumers and traders, banks, hedge funds and asset managers. With more than 50 offices
worldwide, the Group has over 3,000 employees across Europe, Asia and the Americas.
Our History
Established in 2005, the transformation of our business has accelerated over the last several
years, beginning with the majority acquisition by a group of investors advised by JRJ Ventures LLP in
2010.
Since then, we have expanded into new products and geographies through investments in new
business divisions and hiring talented people, and undertaking several strategic acquisitions. In doing so,
we grew our client base, deepened our relationships with clients and diversified our business. In 2022, we
acquired the global clearing and agency and execution businesses of ED&F Man Capital Markets. This
acquisition significantly enhanced our geographic presence and market position in the Americas, APAC
and the Middle East, increased our position in the financial securities asset class and provided a platform
for further expansion. In 2023, we acquired Cowen’s legacy prime services and outsourced trading
business, which further expanded and diversified our product offering in financial securities and our U.S.
client base.
On April 24, 2024, the Group’s registration statement on Form F-1 related to its initial public
offering (“IPO”) was declared effective and, on April 25, 2024, the Group’s ordinary shares began trading
on the Nasdaq Global Select Market under the symbol “MRX”.
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Throughout 2025, the Group strengthened its service offering and broadened its capabilities
across key jurisdictions through a series of strategic acquisitions. These included: Winterflood Securities
– a leading UK equity market maker; Valcourt – a Geneva-based fixed income specialist; Agrinvest
Commodities – a Brazilian agricultural commodities business; Hamilton Court Group – a UK foreign
exchange (FX) specialist; Edgemere Terminals Limited – an LME-registered warehousing and logistics
provider specialising in non-ferrous metals; and Darton Commodities – a UK-based cobalt trading firm.
Our continued evolution has been underpinned by attracting and retaining exceptional talent,
which we regard as our greatest asset. This commitment enables us to deliver innovative products,
insightful solutions, and consistently high-quality service to our clients.
Our Principal Services
We provide broking and other essential specialist services to counterparties operating in the
major wholesale and exchange-traded commodity markets in the United Kingdom, Europe, North America
and certain markets in APAC and South America. Our services are divided into four core businesses:
Clearing, Agency and Execution, Market Making and Hedging and Investment Solutions, from which we
derived 26%, 52%, 12% and 10%, respectively, of our revenue for the year ended December 31, 2025.
Clearing
We provide clients with execution and clearing services on over 60 regulated exchanges
worldwide. We offer execution and clearing services in metals (both base and precious), agricultural
products (primarily soft commodities, which include cocoa, coffee, grains, livestock and sugar), energy
and fixed income, digital assets and equity futures and options. Clients have access to voice, electronic
and algorithm execution services for trades across all our principal markets.
Our clearing teams are based globally (London, New York, Chicago, Paris, Frankfurt, Abu Dhabi,
Singapore, Sydney, Hong Kong, Sao Paolo and Auckland). Our clearing activities are primarily
concentrated on CME and ICE and we have strong presence on LME, Eurex, Euronext, SGX and ASX.
We also clear fixed income treasuries and repos as well as equities in the US. We are a Ring Dealer and
one of nine Category 1 members on the LME, which allows us to trade LME contracts by open outcry in
the ring, by telephone and electronically through LME select, to issue client contracts to clients and to
clear trades on our own behalf and on behalf of our clients.
We act as principal on behalf of our clients and generate revenue through commissions earned
on executing and clearing trades. We also generate interest income from client cash balances that we
hold. Our Clearing fee pricing is determined on a client-by-client basis, based on factors including
creditworthiness, client type and asset class (commodities, for example, have a higher commission rate
on average than other asset classes, such as financial securities). We execute certain trades on behalf of
other brokers on a “give-up” basis, meaning they are cleared by another exchange member.
We are required to post margins with exchanges and Clearing Houses. As a result, we require
clients to provide margin deposits to cover initial and variation margins. We determine these margins
based on the “position limit” for the relevant client, which represents the maximum exposure that a client
can take. To facilitate on-exchange transactions, we grant margin credit facilities to selected clients for
both initial and variation margins, particularly in our metals and agriculture businesses. Many clients are
required to post collateral to secure credit, usually in the form of cash, cash equivalents, US government
bonds or, on occasion, metal warrants. To help us manage potential credit risks, all client credit lines are
uncommitted and can be cancelled at short notice. We also conduct daily margin calls.
Our Neon client portal complements our clearing capabilities with near real-time updates on
transactions and exposures, which we believe allows our clients to efficiently manage their accounts and
risk. We intend to expand our operations and exchange memberships in APAC, Latin America and
Canada.
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Agency and Execution
Our Agency and Execution business provides essential liquidity and execution services to our
clients, primarily through its Capital Markets and Energy divisions. We utilize market connectivity to match
buyers and sellers to facilitate price discovery and to enable buyers and sellers to transact directly. We
also provide execution services, where we execute transactions on a regulated exchange on behalf of our
clients and then pass the transaction to the relevant counterparty or clearing house to settle and, in
connection with our Prime Services, provide trade execution custody and clearing services. Our clients
can trade with us through multiple channels, including voice, electronic and algorithmic, across all of our
principal markets.
Capital Markets
Through our Capital Markets division, we offer liquidity, execution and risk management solutions
to clients across global financial markets. Leveraging our international network, we connect buyers and
sellers in products including equities, credit, financing, foreign exchange and rates, enabling price
discovery and tailored hedging strategies. Through our Prime business, we also deliver comprehensive
trading solutions for clients, including clearing, custody, capital introduction, portfolio financing and
outsourced trading.
In financial securities markets, we mostly operate on a matched principal basis, whereby we enter
into simultaneous transactions with both a buyer and seller in such a manner that minimizes our market
risk exposure under each side of the transaction, generating revenue through either a spread between
buying and selling prices or commission. Certain product lines within our Capital Markets division, in
respect of which we act as principal to buy or sell financial securities for our own account to increase
market liquidity, contribute to our Market Making segment, as set out below.
Energy
Our Energy division provides essential liquidity to clients by matching buyers and sellers in the
OTC energy market to facilitate price discovery.
Our Energy team operates globally, with offices in London, New York, Houston, Dubai, Singapore,
Tokyo and Sydney, and provides high-touch, hybrid and electronic services in OTC and listed contracts in
oil, energy and environmental markets. We also provide market data, analytics and market commentary.
We offer Energy services across the energy complex, including gas, power, environmental and crude oil
markets.
Our Energy division generates revenue through commissions from arranging trades and through
the sale of OTC energy market data. Unlike our Clearing business, our Energy business does not require
the use of credit lines.
Market Making
We provide Market Making services across major commodities markets for metals, agricultural
products and energy. We also act in a market making capacity in respect of financial securities and
certain product lines within our Capital Markets division, including in equities and corporate bonds and
interest rate swaps products and through our Frontier FX desk. For the year ended December 31, 2025,
we traded a total of more than 62 asset classes and had an average of 165 front-office FTEs in our
Market Making business. Our significant scale and broad market connectivity enable us to provide
competitive prices on a principal basis in a wide variety of energy and commodity markets, which
differentiates our business from many of our peers. We believe that our Market Making activities are
principally concentrated on three key global exchanges: the LME, the CME and ICE.
We act as principal on Market Making transactions by buying and selling commodities and
securities on an exchange for our own account, which increases liquidity in the relevant market. We
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believe we incur limited market risk from taking positions during our Market Making activities, as we do
not take directional positions. The clients we serve in our Market Making business are categorized as
producers and refiners (such as Codelco, ZiJin, Cooxupe, Glencore, Gasum and ElectroRoute),
consumers (such as Wendy’s, Nestle, Nordon and Energie260), Banks (such as Goldman Sachs, BNP
Paribas and RWE), and trading firms and asset managers (such as BlackRock, Wellington Management,
Glencore and Shell Energy). We generally hold positions for a short period, typically on an intraday or
overnight basis, and conservatively manage risk limits as evidenced by our relatively low average VaR of
approximately $3.8m, $3.2m and $2.5m for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023,
respectively.
Other key tools in place for risk mitigation include sensitivity limits, concentration limits, stress
testing limits and additional non-limit control measures. Furthermore, the Market Making business is
positively levered to market volatility, which causes both trading volumes to increase and bid-ask spreads
we capture to widen. We believe our prudent risk management approach enables us to achieve greater
consistency in our profitability. For the year ended December 31, 2025, Market Making trading was
profitable 87% of days, 100% of weeks and 100% of months; for 2024, Market Making trading was
profitable 86% of days, 98% of weeks and 100% of months; and for 2023, Market Making trading was
profitable 88% of days, 100% of weeks and 100% of months.
Hedging and Investment Solutions
Through the Hedging Solutions division of our Hedging and Investment Solutions business, we
provide our clients with OTC traded hedging and customized OTC derivatives solutions. We generate
revenue from our Hedging and Investment Solutions business by building a return into the pricing of the
product. Our commodity hedging solutions allow producers and consumers of commodities to hedge their
exposure to movements in energy and commodity prices, as well as exchange rates, across a variety of
different time horizons.
Where a client’s requirements go beyond the solutions offered by exchange listed products, our
Hedging and Investment Solutions business creates a tailored derivatives solution through customized
OTC derivatives with the objective of matching the client’s needs. The division comprises two key sub-
divisions: (i) Hedging Solutions; and (ii) Financial Products.
We intend to further build out the distribution network for our Hedging and Investment Solutions
business in the United States, Brazil and APAC and explore opportunities in the environmentals market,
including carbon credits. We also plan to continue to invest in our derivatives engine and client portal to
further enhance our competitive advantage.
Hedging Solutions
The Hedging Solutions business provides our clients with tailored risk management solutions
across a spectrum of markets, including agriculture (including grains, soft commodities, forestry and
dairy), metals, energy (including biofuels), currency and interest rate markets. Clients include trading
houses, producers and consumers as well as banks and distributors.
Hedging Solutions organizes tailored hedging solutions into four primary categories:
•Participation: Participation products allow clients to participate one-to-one in the underlying
market, either in the underlying contract currency or in the local currency.
•Protection: Protection products allow clients to mitigate against adverse or unexpected
market moves that could otherwise damage the business.
•Price Improvement: Price improvement products enable clients to achieve a better sale price
compared to the market price, in exchange for less certainty in volume executed.
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•Range Extraction: Range extraction products extract value from range bound markets. These
can be tailored to give more appropriate risk profiles than listed alternatives.
The Hedging Solutions division offers some margin forgiveness to most clients for a pre-agreed
amount of their margin call. As a result, the Hedging Solutions division assumes a degree of credit risk for
its clients to the extent of such agreed amount. We also extend credit lines to select clients for variation
margin payments. Given the increased risk to our business, variation margin credit is subject to additional
limits, including the capping of credit offered in specific geographies. As part of our risk management
strategy, OTC exposures are hedged through a combination of exchange traded derivatives and OTC
trades with top-tier investment banks.
Financial Products
We launched Financial Products, our structured notes business, in 2018. The Financial Products
division had 967, 770 and 333 clients in the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024, and 2023,
respectively. These clients, include private banks, independent asset managers, pension funds and
corporates such as Bondpartners SA, Bank J. Safra Sarasin, Julius Baer and Union Bancaire Privée. The
structured notes business provides our clients with Structured Notes and represents a way to diversify our
sources of funding and to reduce the utilization of our Credit Facilities.
The structured notes business allows investors to build their own Structured Notes across
numerous asset classes, including commodities, equities, foreign exchange and fixed income products.
Our regulated subsidiary Marex Financial is the legal entity through which we conduct the structured
notes business and Marex Group plc and Marex Financial are both issuers under our Structured Notes
Program. Marex Financial is rated BBB by S&P, and Marex is rated BBB- (outlook stable) by S&P and
BBB- by Fitch.
We organize our investment solutions into four primary categories:
•Participation: Clients invest in a single security that provides access to the performance of a
selected underlying asset or assets, which can be actively managed by the client over time.
•Capital Protected: Low risk solutions that provide investors with their principal investment
back plus the growth of a chosen underlying asset at maturity.
•Yield Enhancement: In a low interest environment, clients receive a relatively large coupon if
the market remains flat or rallies but risk some capital if the market falls beyond a certain
level.
•Leverage: Investors receive full participation in the upside and downside of the chosen
underlying asset without providing the full cash value of the underlying asset.
We offer a diverse portfolio of Structured Notes, including auto-callable, fixed, stability and credit-
linked notes, with varied terms across numerous asset classes. Marex Group plc and Marex Financial act
as the “manufacturers” of the Structured Notes. The notes are distributed to investors through a network
of distributors. The Structured Notes are settled through the Clearstream clearing system to investors who
purchase and hold the structured notes through their custodian bank. Some of the Structured Notes
issued by Marex Financial are listed on the Vienna MTF, a multilateral trading facility operated by the
Vienna Stock Exchange.
In addition, we provide liquidity in the secondary market for our Structured Notes. As part of our
risk management strategy, the Structured Notes are hedged through a combination of exchange traded
derivatives and OTC trades with top-tier investment banks. Marex Financial also operates an alternative
structured notes program, the Tier 2 Program, which, due to the long-dated term of the structured notes
issued thereunder, enables the Tier 2 Notes to qualify as Tier 2 capital for the purposes of our regulatory
capital requirements.
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Information Technology
We have developed and continue to develop client-centric proprietary technology, which we
believe enables us to deliver innovative solutions to our clients and create a scalable operating
environment across our business and enables the efficient integration of our acquired businesses. We
deploy numerous computer and communications systems and networks to operate our broking business,
including front-end broking platforms available to clients and brokers to disseminate information, provide
analytics and collect and manage orders, alongside our back-office infrastructure.
Our operating platforms are supported by third-party platforms, including modern cloud-based
solution providers. These third-party providers help us to ensure that our technology is reliable, scalable
and provide a seamless client experience. Cloud services help us accelerate our product development by
ensuring that we can leverage existing technology and that we can bolt on additional services where
applicable. This enables us to focus our development efforts on the platforms that differentiate our
offerings and reduce our time-to-market.
Information security and resilience remain core to our approach. As cyber threats grow more
sophisticated, particularly with the rise of AI, we continue to strengthen our infrastructure. Our approach
combines preventative safeguards, continuous detection and tested recovery processes, ensuring the
firm can respond effectively to emerging risks while continuing to scale securely. By integrating security
into our platform design and operational workflows, we support business growth without compromising
client service, performance or reliability. Strong cyber resilience is therefore not only a protective
measure, but a core enabler of sustainable expansion.
Artificial intelligence continued to advance across Marex during the year, moving from targeted
initiatives to broader implementation across business lines. We deployed AI tools to enhance productivity,
support risk analysis and deliver improved insights. Building on this foundation, we plan to extend AI
capabilities further across the firm, scaling applications and exploring new opportunities that enhance
client service, strengthen decision-making and support sustainable growth.
At the core of our technology offering are Neon and Agile, our digital portals providing electronic
products and services across the trade lifecycle.
Neon
We launched Neon, our trading, risk and data platform, in 2020. Neon is Marex’s client portal, providing
access to our services across the full trade life cycle. Our goal is to integrate acquired platforms into
Neon, giving clients a single, consistent view of the entire Marex offering. This allows clients to automate
workflows, access analytics, and integrate directly with Marex systems, embedding them into our
platform. Neon can be accessed by multiple channels including via desktop and mobile. The number of
Neon users was approximately 24,000, 22,000, 16,000, 10,000, 8,000 and 2,000 for the years ended
December 31, 2025, 2024, 2023, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively. We calculate the number of users
based on the number of subscribers that accessed the platform during each respective year.
Neon’s applications are summarized below:
•Neon Insights: Research, commentary and insights across energy, metals, agricultural and
financial markets.
•Neon Energy: Fully customizable, real-time view of our highly liquid energy markets.
•Neon Metals: Access to our liquidity in base metals, from adjusting 3M positions to trading
spreads.
•Neon Crude: Real-time crude trading platform, allowing users to view and trade bids for the
Canadian crude market.
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•Neon Trader: Real-time exchange trading with access to multiple global futures and options
markets.
•Neon Risk: Comprehensive post trade risk management, allowing users to manage risk
effectively with real-time P&L at instrument, account, trading group or firm level.
Agile
Agile is our full-service commodity broking platform that allows clients to manage their OTC
hedging portfolio electronically. Our Agile platform aims to provide clients with full transparency and
control through the hedging life cycle. Through Agile, clients can explore new trade ideas in real time,
monitor and analyze their hedging portfolio and access up-to-date market data and pricing information.
Our Principal Markets
EMEA
We have offices in London, Paris, Versailles, Dublin, Milan, Frankfurt, Bruchköbel, Amsterdam,
Rotterdam, Lisbon, Madrid, Belfast, Geneva, the DIFC and Tel Aviv.
Americas
We have offices in New York, Chicago, Houston, Stamford, Miami, San Francisco, Des Moines, Clark,
Saint Louis Park, Red Bank, Richmond, Schaumburg, Calgary, Montreal and São Paulo. Our North
American energy business is based in our Houston office, our agricultural business is based in Chicago
and our New York office focuses on our financial products.
APAC
We have offices in Hong Kong, Singapore, Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane and Auckland. In
addition to clients served by our Asia desks, our European and North American offices have a growing
base of clients located in Asia that are principally served by our London and New York desks.
Seasonality
See Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospectus.
Regulation
As a global financial services platform, we have the following regulated financial services
companies.
Regulated Entities in the U.K.
The below is a list of all of our entities that are regulated in the United Kingdom (the “U.K.
Regulated Entities”):
•Marex Financial is regulated in the United Kingdom by the Financial Conduct Authority
(“FCA”), in Italy by the Commissione Nazionale per le Società e la Borsa (“Consob”), in Dubai
by the Securities & Comissions Authority (“SCA”) and in Australia by the Australian Securities
and Investment Commission (“ASIC”);
•Marex Spectron International Limited (“MSIL”) is regulated by the FCA and by the Alberta
Securities Commission in Canada;
•Marex Capital Markets Inc. (“MCMI”) (UK Branch) is regulated by the FCA;
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•Marex Prime Services Limited is regulated by the FCA;
•Marex FX Limited (formerly Hamilton Court Foreign Exchange Limited) is regulated by the
FCA; and
•HPC Investment Services Limited is regulated by the FCA.
Regulated Entities in the U.S.
The below is a list of all of our entities that are regulated in the United States (the “U.S. Regulated
Entities”):
•MCMI is regulated as an FCM by the CFTC, and is a member of and regulated by the NFA.
MCMI is also regulated by the CME (its designated SRO), and as a broker-dealer by the SEC
and FINRA;
•MSIL is regulated as an introducing broker (“IB”) by the CFTC and is a member of and
regulated by the NFA;
•Marex MENA Limited (“MML”) is regulated as an IB by the CFTC and is a member of and
regulated by the NFA;
•Marex Derivative Products Inc. ("MDPI") is a CFTC regulated swap dealer;
•Marex Securities Products Inc ("MSPI") is SEC regulated swap dealer;
•X-Change Financial Access LLC is a CFTC and SEC regulated broker, is a member of and
regulated by the NFA and the Chicago Board Options Exchange (“CBOE”) (in respect of the
CBOE, as its designated SRO);
•Marex Puerto Rico LLC (“MPR LLC”), is regulated as an IB by the CFTC and is a member of
and regulated by the NFA.
Regulated Entities in the E.U.
The below is a list of all our entities that are regulated in the European Union (the “E.U.
Regulated Entities”):
•Marex SA is regulated by the Autorité des marchés financiers (“AMF”) and the Autorité de
Contrôle Prudentiel et de Résolution (“ACPR”) in France. Marex SA has regulated branches
in:
•Portugal (regulated by the Portuguese Securities Market Commission “CMVM”);
•Italy (regulated by the Consob); and
•Sweden (regulated by the Financial Supervisory Authority “FI”).
•MSEL is regulated by the Central Bank of Ireland (“CBI”) and has regulated branches in
Germany (regulated by the German Federal Financial Supervisory Authority “BaFin”) and
Spain, (regulated by the Spanish National Securities Market Commission “CNMV”);
•Marex France SAS (“Marex AIFM”) is an Alternative Investment Fund Manager (“AIFM”)
regulated by the AMF in France;
•Arfinco SA is regulated by the ACPR in France;
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•Hamilton Court Foreign Exchange Payments S.r.l. is regulated as a foreign exchange broker
with the Banca d'Italia (“BDI”);
•Hamilton Court Foreign Exchange Securities Trading Company SIM S.p.A.is regulated as a
foreign exchange broker with the BDI and has a branch in Spain that is regulated by the
CNMV.
Regulated Entities in other jurisdictions
The below is a list of all our entities that are regulated in jurisdictions other than the United
Kingdom, the United States or the European Union:
•Marex Spectron Asia Pte. Ltd. (“MSAPL”) is regulated by the Monetary Authority of Singapore
(“MAS”) in Singapore and the NFA in the United States;
•Marex Hong Kong Limited (“MHKL”) is a regulated broker with the Securities & Futures
Commission of Hong Kong (“SFC”) in Hong Kong;
•Marex Financial Services Hong Kong Limited (“MFS HK”) is a regulated broker with the SFC
•MML is a regulated broker with the Dubai Financial Services Authority (“DFSA”) in the Dubai
International Financial Centre (“DIFC”);
•Marex Australia Pty Ltd (“MAPL”) is a regulated broker with ASIC in Australia;
•Marex Capital (AD) Limited is a regulated broker with the Financial Services Regulatory
Authority in Abu Dhabi; and
•Ceres Assessoria de Investimentos Ltda. is regulated by the Securities and Exchange
Commission of Brazil (“CVM”) as an agricultural brokerage.
Each regulated company generally provides services to clients based both within and outside of
its home jurisdiction in accordance with the applicable legal and regulatory requirements. In certain
jurisdictions, this involves relying on applicable exemptions. In addition to the regulatory regimes in each
company’s home jurisdiction, our companies may be subject to overseas law and regulation when they
provide services on a cross-border basis. We are also subject to anti-money laundering, counter-terrorism
financing and sanctions laws and regulations in the jurisdictions in which we operate.
Several areas of regulation have either seen recent change or are areas where future change is
anticipated. Where these changes may pose a material risk to the future operation of our business, they
have been disclosed in “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Regulation.”
United Kingdom
The statutory framework for the regulation of financial services in the United Kingdom is set out in
the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (“FSMA”). FSMA requires firms that provide financial
services in the United Kingdom to be authorized and regulated by the relevant regulatory authority.
Financial services firms are subject to supervision by one or both of two U.K. regulators—the FCA and the
Prudential Regulation Authority (“PRA”). The PRA is responsible for regulating banks and building
societies (as deposit takers), insurers and credit unions and large investment firms (e.g., investment
banks) for prudential purposes. The FCA regulates all other investment firms for prudential purposes, and
regulates all financial services firms for conduct purposes.
Entities Subject to the FCA’s Supervision
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In the United Kingdom, we have five regulated entities: Marex Financial, MSIL, MCMI, Marex
Prime Services Limited and HPC Investment Services Limited. The U.K. Regulated Entities are regulated
and authorized by the FCA as their sole U.K. regulator for both prudential and conduct matters. HPC
Investment Services Limited is regulated and authorized by the FCA as the operator of an OTF, which is
the platform through which our U.K.-based clients can trade certain products and asset classes. The FCA
is also the prudential supervisor of our business on a consolidated basis. None of our entities are
authorized or regulated by the PRA.
To be authorized by the FCA, firms are subject to an extensive approval process. This includes
assessing their compliance with various regulatory requirements, including certain “threshold conditions”.
Threshold conditions are the minimum conditions which must be satisfied (both at the time of
authorization and on an ongoing basis) for a firm to gain and continue to have permission to carry on the
relevant regulated activities under FSMA. The threshold conditions for FCA regulated firms relate to
matters including:
•the firm’s legal form and location of offices;
•whether the firm is capable of being effectively supervised by the FCA;
•whether the firm has adequate resources (both financial and non-financial) to carry on its
business; and
•whether, considering all the circumstances (including whether the firm’s affairs are conducted
soundly and prudently), the firm is a fit and proper person to conduct the relevant regulated
activities.
The FCA’s Principles for Businesses sets out high-level principles that apply to all authorized
firms. This includes requirements for firms to treat clients fairly, maintain adequate financial resources and
risk management systems, observe proper standards of market conduct, manage conflicts of interest
fairly, communicate with clients in a way that is clear, fair and not misleading, and deal with their
regulators in an open and cooperative way.
The FCA also has certain powers in relation to the approval of the “controllers” of U.K. FCA
authorized firms, including the U.K. Regulated Entities. Any person proposing to acquire or increase
“control” at or above prescribed thresholds in an FCA authorized firm must obtain approval from the FCA
prior to the change in control.
FCA Supervision and Enforcement
The FCA has a wide range of supervisory powers, including extensive powers to intervene in the
affairs of an FCA authorized firm. The FCA also has various disciplinary and enforcement powers, which
include powers to (i) limit or withdraw a firm’s permissions; (ii) suspend individuals from undertaking
regulated activities; (iii) impose restitution orders; and (iv) fine, censure, or impose other sanctions on
firms or individuals.
The FCA can formally investigate a firm, require the production of information or documents, or
require a firm to provide a “skilled persons” report under section 166 of FSMA to facilitate its supervision
of a firm. For example, in 2022 the FCA required us to provide a “skilled persons” report on the product
governance controls and processes that we had implemented in respect of our Hedging and Investment
Solutions business. After reviewing this report, the FCA determined that it did not need any further
information on this subject.
The U.K. Regulated Entities are subject to the Senior Managers and Certification Regime
(“SMCR”), which relates primarily to the accountability and responsibility of managers and other relevant
staff. Under the SMCR, firms must have clear and effective governance structures. Different conduct rules
apply to the U.K. Regulated Entities’ staff depending on the seniority of the function performed.
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The FCA may take direct enforcement action under the SMCR against individuals undertaking senior
management functions for authorized firms. Under the SMCR, the FCA may revoke an individual’s
approval to perform certain roles within a firm. Breaches by authorized firms of certain rules can also give
certain private persons (who suffer loss from the breach) a right of action against the firm for damages.
The FCA can also take action against a broader population of individuals under the SMCR including so-
called certification functions as well as conduct rules staff for both financial and non-financial misconduct.
Misconduct both inside and outside the workplace can be relevant to FCA action. In December 2025, the
FCA published its final policy statement (PS25/23) on tackling non-financial misconduct in financial
services. The FCA has amended its Code of Conduct (COCON) sourcebook to explain how non-financial
misconduct can be a breach of the conduct rules and has published guidance on how non-financial
misconduct forms part of the Fit and Proper test (FIT) sourcebook. With effect from 1 September 2026,
serious misconduct such as bullying, harassment and violence will be a matter of regulatory concern at all
SMCR firms (including non-bank firms), aligning the conduct rules between banks and non-banks.
Serious instances of non-financial misconduct could lead to disciplinary action by the FCA including the
issuance of prohibition orders against individuals rendering them permanently unable to work in the
financial services industry in the United Kingdom.
U.K. Financial Services Legislation
FSMA is the central piece of legislation for the regulation of financial services companies in the
United Kingdom. Among other things, it imposes certain requirements on FCA authorized firms and gives
the FCA a broad range of powers.
Following Brexit, certain “on-shored” E.U. financial services legislation has been assimilated in U.K. law.
The FCA has published relevant guidance which indicates which pieces of E.U.-derived regulations will
continue to apply in the United Kingdom, in modified form where required (“On-shored E.U. Regulation”).
The FCA, alongside HM Treasury and the PRA, continue to work on the so-called “Edinburgh Reforms”
which, in part, focus on reviewing On-shored E.U. Regulation and determining what should remain in
place under U.K. law and what should instead be revisited and potentially reformed (or deleted with no
replacement or some combination of the foregoing). In January 2025, the FCA published its response to
the Government's growth mission, outlining initiatives to reduce regulatory burdens, streamline its
Handbook, and simplify the Senior Managers and Certification Regime. In addition, the Government has
published a Financial Services Growth and Competitiveness Strategy focusing on priority growth
opportunities including fintech, sustainable finance, asset management and wholesale services,
insurance and reinsurance and capital markets.This means the U.K. regulatory landscape will be subject
to considerable flux in the coming years, which may result in an increased (or decreased) regulatory and
compliance burden on the U.K. Regulated Entities as well as increasing divergence between the
approach adopted by the U.K. Regulated Entities and group companies regulated in the European Union
(and elsewhere). Monitoring for and implementing these changes could represent a regulatory risk for us
as well as necessitating increased legal and compliance spend.
In addition to FSMA, the U.K. Regulated Entities are subject to a wide range of regulatory rules,
including, but not limited to, the rules prescribed in the FCA Handbook and the On-shored E.U.
Regulation. Many of the rules that apply to the U.K. Regulated Entities are derived from this “on-shored”
legislation, including, but not limited to, the U.K. versions of:
•the regime referred to collectively as MiFID II and MiFIR;
•the EMIR;
•the Capital Requirements Regulation (Regulation (EU) No 575/2013 on prudential
requirements for credit institutions and investment firms) (“CRR”) and the fourth Capital
Requirements Directive (Directive 2013/36/EU on access to the activity of credit institutions
and the prudential supervision of credit institutions and investment firms) (“CRD IV”);
•the Market Abuse Regulation (Regulation (EU) No 596/2014 on market abuse) (“MAR”);
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•the Alternative Investment Fund Managers Directive (Directive 2011/61/EU) (“AIFMD”);
•the Regulation on wholesale energy market integrity and transparency (Regulation (EU) No
1227/2011 on wholesale energy market integrity and transparency);
•the Benchmarks Regulation (Regulation (EU) 2016/1011 on indices used as benchmarks in
financial instruments and financial contracts or to measure the performance of investment
funds) (“BMR”);
•the Bank Recovery and Resolution Directive (Directive 2014/59/EU establishing a framework
for the recovery and resolution of credit institutions and investment firms) (“BRRD”);
•the Securities Financing Transactions Regulation (Regulation (EU) 2015/2365 on
transparency of securities financing transactions and of reuse); and
•the Central Securities Depositories Regulation (Regulation (EU) No 909/2014 on central
securities depositories).
Where E.U. regulations are “on-shored” in the United Kingdom, they typically have a similar
application as the E.U. equivalent, but with various important divergences, which will likely increase over
time.
United Kingdom Wholesale Markets Review and FSMA 2023
In 2021, the U.K. government established a review to improve the regulation of secondary
markets in the United Kingdom (the “Wholesale Markets Review”). The Wholesale Markets Review
proposed a range of changes to how trading in securities is regulated in the United Kingdom. The FCA
has implemented changes where legislation is not required, and other changes have been implemented
by the Financial Services and Markets Act 2023 (“FSMA 2023”), which was published in July 2023.
In particular, FSMA 2023 gives the United Kingdom Treasury the power to designate a person who
provides critical services to regulated firms as “critical.” This regime took effect on 1 January 2025 and
allows the FCA together with the PRA and Bank of England to directly oversee critical services provided
to regulated firms by designated critical third parties (that would otherwise be unregulated by the FCA)
and make associated rules in relation to such provision.The regulators have published final rules
(PS24/16 and PRA PS16/24) establishing operational risk and resilience requirements, incident reporting
obligations and an oversight framework for critical third parties. However, the statutory obligations will only
apply to a critical third party once HM Treasury has made a designation order in respect of that third party.
As at the date of this Annual Report, HM Treasury has not yet designated any critical third parties,
although certain service providers to our United Kingdom entities may be designated in the future.
Risk Management, Compliance and Governance
The U.K. Regulated Entities must have robust risk management, compliance and governance processes
so that they can be operated in accordance with the U.K. regulatory framework and with sound risk
management processes. This includes the requirement to operate in accordance with U.K. operational
resilience and outsourcing rules. Under the FCA and PRA's operational resilience requirements, firms
were required to demonstrate by March 31, 2025 that they are able to remain within their stated impact
tolerances for important business services when subject to severe but plausible stress scenarios. For
OTC derivatives transactions, such rules include a requirement in certain cases to centrally clear or apply
“risk mitigation techniques.”
Conduct of Business
The U.K. regulatory framework imposes various requirements relating to the conduct of business
of an authorized firm. These requirements relate to, among others, product governance, the treatment of
client money and assets, information provision, disclosure and reporting to clients, handling of client
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complaints, best execution, management of conflicts of interest, disclosure to clients of information
relating to charges and the general obligation to deal with clients fairly.
The applicable conduct rules may differ depending on the type of client. While Marex Financial is
authorized by the FCA to provide certain investment services to retail clients, we currently do not have
any retail clients and in practice, we only provide services to professional clients and eligible
counterparties.
The FCA has introduced the “Consumer Duty” designed to ensure that firms deliver good outcomes for
retail clients. The duty applies primarily to firms providing services to retail clients, but it also has an
impact when a wholesale firm is in a distribution chain and, as a result, affects outcomes for retail
investors. This is in addition to existing product governance rules which require manufacturers and
distributors of financial instruments to consider their suitability for the relevant target market and
distribution strategy. In February 2025, the FCA removed the requirement for firms to have a Consumer
Duty Board champion, and has launched a review of FCA Handbook requirements under the Consumer
Duty with a view to simplifying requirements where they overlap with the Consumer Duty.
U.K. regulation also governs the provision of information by authorized and unauthorized firms,
including the requirement that financial promotions are compliant with certain disclosure obligations and
are fair, clear and not misleading (or can otherwise be made to specified categories of recipients in line
with specific exemptions).
Market Conduct and Abuse
Market conduct rules impose certain obligations on the U.K. Regulated Entities, including duties
of transparency to regulators, markets and issuers. This includes trade reporting and monitoring
obligations, both in relation to financial instruments and wholesale energy products to ensure that the U.K.
Regulated Entities help to maintain the proper functioning and integrity of the wider U.K. financial
markets.
Following Brexit, a U.K. version of MAR (“U.K. MAR”) operates in parallel to the original E.U.
version (“E.U. MAR”). Both E.U. MAR and U.K. MAR contain prohibitions on insider dealing, unlawful
disclosure of inside information and market manipulation, and provisions to prevent and detect these
abuses.
U.K. MAR requires the U.K. Regulated Entities to monitor and identify potential market abuse and
report any suspicions of market abuse to the FCA. Under U.K. MAR, the FCA may (i) impose an unlimited
fine on any person that engages in market abuse, or that has encouraged or required another person to
do so; (ii) publish a statement of public censure; (iii) apply to the court for an injunction or restitution order;
or (iv) impose other administrative sanctions, such as carrying out on-site inspections and cancelling or
suspending trading in financial instruments. The Financial Services and Markets Act 2023 confers new
rule-making powers on the FCA, including the power to make changes to the regulatory framework on
market abuse in the United Kingdom.
The Criminal Justice Act 1993 also contains rules covering criminal penalties for insider dealing.
The Financial Services Act 2012 contains criminal offenses for making false or misleading statements or
creating a false or misleading impression in relation to relevant investments, including benchmarks.
These offenses sit alongside the civil market abuse offenses in U.K. MAR, and the FCA is empowered to
prosecute both civil and criminal market abuse offenses.
Prudential Capital and Liquidity Requirements
Under the IFPR, we are subject to consolidated prudential supervision by the FCA. Generally,
U.K. Regulated Entities are subject to the IFPR when their activities fall within the scope of MiFID II. The
U.K. Regulated Entities that fall within the scope of the IFPR must satisfy certain prudential capital and
liquidity requirements, including the own funds requirements and the basic liquid assets requirement.
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Capital, liquidity and prudential governance requirements vary according to, among others, the scale and
nature of our business, an internal assessment of our requirements and additional requirements imposed
by the FCA.
Resolution Powers
In the United Kingdom, an investment firm may be subject to resolution or investment bank
special administration depending on its systemic importance and regulatory classification. Resolution
rules are included in the Banking Act 2009 and give authorities a wide range of powers to deal with
financial institutions which, in general, are failing or are likely to fail. These powers include pre-insolvency
stabilization powers such as “bail in” (writing down the claims of the firm’s unsecured creditors, including
holders of capital instruments, and converting those claims into equity), as well as the power to force the
partial or full sale of an entity subject to resolution. Special administration powers apply at the point an
entity becomes insolvent and allows special administrators to take control of the entity and apply certain
measures such as transferring client money and assets.
Our business does not fall within the scope of special administration rules. However, as our
systemic importance may change, it is possible that we become subject to resolution rules. Decisions
taken in the context of resolution or special administration may materially adversely affect investors in our
ordinary shares.
Outside resolution, there are requirements for firms which hold client money. These requirements
are principally intended to ensure that client money is protected in the event of the firm’s insolvency.
Marex Financial is also subject to specific client money rules relating to regulated clearing arrangements.
Remuneration
We must comply with the “basic” and “standard” remuneration requirements contained in the Senior
Management Arrangements, Systems and Controls sourcebook (“SYSC”) 19G of the FCA Handbook. The
U.K. Regulated Entities are also required to comply with the “extended” remuneration requirements
contained in SYSC 19G. SYSC 19G includes general requirements in relation to remuneration policy,
governance and disclosure and specific requirements regarding the remuneration arrangements of
individuals whose professional activities have a material impact on the firms’ risk profiles. Our
remuneration committee ensures that our remuneration policies and practices are consistent with the
requirements of SYSC 19G. In October 2025, the PRA and FCA published final rules (PRA PS21/25 and
FCA PS25/15) on reform of the remuneration rules for banks.
Financial Services Compensation Scheme / Financial Ombudsman Scheme
The U.K. Regulated Entities are within the scope of the U.K. Financial Services Compensation
Scheme (“FSCS”). In certain circumstances, the FSCS would provide compensation if those entities were
unable to satisfy the claims of their clients (for example, in the event of an entity’s insolvency). The U.K.
Regulated Entities are required to pay an annual levy towards the FSCS, which is variable.
The Financial Ombudsman Scheme (“FOS”) is an independent complaints resolution body which
seeks to resolve disputes between consumers and financial services providers. While the U.K. Regulated
Entities are technically subject to the jurisdiction of the FOS, the FOS only considers complaints
presented by an “eligible complainant”. Because “eligible complainants” are broadly non-professional
persons, we do not expect any of our clients to be “eligible complainants” for the purposes of the FOS.
Benchmarks
Administering regulated benchmarks is a regulated activity under the U.K. Benchmarks
Regulations (“U.K. BMR”). While we contribute to regulated benchmarks, we do not currently administer
any that are subject to the U.K. BMR.
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United States
MCMI, MML, MSIL, XFA and MPR LLC are subject to significant regulation in the United States,
including requirements imposed by the CFTC, FINRA, the SEC, and the NFA. Certain U.S. Regulated
Entities are also subject to the requirements set forth by exchanges to which they hold a membership.
See Item 4B. “Business Overview—Our Principal Services—Clearing.” These regulatory bodies and
exchanges protect clients by imposing requirements on the U.S. Regulated Entities, including those
relating to capital adequacy, licensing of personnel, conduct of business, protection of client assets,
record-keeping, trade-reporting and other matters.
The CFTC is responsible for enforcing the CEA. The CFTC has broad enforcement authority over
commodity futures and options contracts traded on regulated exchanges as well as other commodities
trading in interstate commerce. The CEA also vests the CFTC with enforcement authority with respect to
fraud and manipulation involving cash market trading of commodities. MCMI, MML, MSIL, XFA and MPR
LLC must comply with the requirements set out by the CEA, including, by way of example, minimum
financial and reporting requirements, the establishment of risk management programs, use of segregated
accounts for client funds, maintenance of record-keeping measures and in particular, the requirement that
trade execution and communications systems be able to handle anticipated present and future peak
trading volumes.
MCMI is regulated by the CFTC and NFA as a futures commission merchant and MML, MSIL,
XFA and MPR LLC are each regulated by the NFA as an IB. The foregoing U.S. Regulated Entities are
also subject to the rules and requirements of the exchanges to which they are members, as applicable.
The NFA has the power to search for and implement what it believes are best practices for the industry,
create rules that its members must follow and impose fines or revoke the membership of its members.
The SEC is responsible for enforcing U.S. federal securities laws, including the Securities Act and
the Exchange Act. The SEC has broad enforcement authority over public companies, investment firms
and broker-dealers involved in issuing and transacting in securities on regulated exchanges and OTC
markets. FINRA, a self-regulatory organization that operates under the oversight of the SEC, regulates
member firms and is authorized to enforce disciplinary actions against member firms and registered
representatives who violate federal securities laws or FINRA’s rules. MCMI and XFA are regulated by the
SEC, and MCMI is a FINRA member firm.
The U.S. securities industry is subject to extensive regulation under federal and state securities
laws. These laws and regulations include obligations relating to custody and management of client
assets, marketing activities, self-dealing and full disclosure of material conflicts of interest. They generally
grant the SEC and other supervisory bodies administrative powers to address non-compliance. The U.S.
Regulated Entities must comply with a range of requirements imposed by the SEC, state securities
commissions, the Municipal Securities Rulemaking Board (“MSRB”) and FINRA.
FINRA regulates trading in securities, including securities futures and options. All firms dealing in
securities that are not regulated by another SRO, such as by the MSRB, are required to be member firms
of FINRA. As part of its regulatory authority, FINRA periodically conducts regulatory exams of its regulated
institutions. FINRA licenses individuals and admits firms to the industry, writes rules to govern their
behavior, examines them for regulatory compliance, and disciplines registered representatives and
member firms that fail to comply with federal securities laws and FINRA’s rules and regulations.
Net Capital Requirements
MSIL and the U.S. Regulated Entities are subject to net capital requirements as CFTC and NFA
regulated entities. As an SEC registered broker-dealer and an NFA registered IB (and, in the case of
MCMI, a Futures Commission Merchant under the CFTC’s and NFA’s rules), each of MCMI and XFA is
subject to minimum capital requirements under Section 4(f)(b) of the CEA, Part 1.17 of the rules and
regulations of the CFTC and the SEC Uniform Net Capital Rule 15c3-1 under the Exchange Act. These
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rules specify the minimum amount of capital that must be available to support clients’ open trading
positions. Net capital and the related net capital requirement may be subject to daily fluctuations.
Failure to maintain the required net capital may subject each of the U.S. Regulated Entities to
suspension or revocation of registration by the SEC, and suspension or expulsion by FINRA and other
regulatory bodies. They may also experience limitations on their activities, including suspension or
revocation of their registration by the CFTC, suspension or expulsion by the NFA and various exchanges
of which they are members, monetary fines, prohibition on conducting business and ultimately liquidation.
France
The framework for the regulation of financial services in France is set out in (i) the French
Monetary and Financial Code (Code Monétaire et Financier) as well as other French codes and
legislation, (ii) the AMF General Regulation (Règlement Général), supplemented by certain instructions,
positions and recommendations, (iii) the E.U. regulatory framework, as may be directly applicable in
France and (iv) case law and disciplinary sanctions from French courts, the ACPR and the AMF.
Firms that provide financial services in France must be authorized and regulated by the relevant
regulatory authority, the AMF and/or the ACPR. Financial services firms are subject to supervision by one
or both the AMF and the ACPR.
Entities Subject To the AMF and ACPR’s Supervision
In France, we have three regulated entities: Marex SA and Arfinco SA, which each have
permission to carry on a range of investment services and activities, and Marex AIFM. Marex SA is
regulated and authorized by both the ACPR as an investment firm and the AMF as the operator of an
OTF. Arfinco SA is regulated and authorized by the ACPR as an investment firm. Marex AIFM is regulated
and authorized by the AMF as an AIFM. The ACPR also supervises, on a consolidated basis, Marex SA’s
parent company, Marex European Holdings Limited, which qualifies as an E.U. parent financial holding
company (compagnie holding d’investissement mère dans l’Union).
To authorize a person to carry on regulated activities in France, the ACPR must determine that
the applicant meets numerous regulatory requirements. The requirements are the minimum conditions
which must be satisfied (both at the time of authorization and on an ongoing basis) for a firm to gain and
continue to hold permission to carry on the relevant regulated activities in France. These conditions relate
to matters including:
•the firm’s legal form and location of offices;
•whether the firm is capable of being effectively supervised by the ACPR;
•whether the firm has adequate resources (both financial and non-financial) to carry on its
business;
•whether, considering all the circumstances (including whether the firm’s affairs are conducted
soundly and prudently), the firm is a fit and proper person to conduct the relevant regulated
activities;
•whether members of the firm’s governing body meet certain knowledge, experience, fitness
and propriety requirements, both individually and collectively, and also satisfy certain
availability requirements; and
•whether managers of the firm’s key functions meet certain propriety, knowledge, experience
and fitness requirements.
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The authorization for operating a French OTF is granted by the AMF after consulting the ACPR.
Before granting a license to the operator of a trading venue, the AMF reviews the operator’s compliance
with the regulatory framework, approves the operating rules and grants a professional card to the persons
in charge of certain control functions. The operator of the trading venue is also required to comply with the
AMF’s reporting obligations.
AMF and ACPR Supervision and Enforcement
The AMF and ACPR have a wide range of supervisory powers, including extensive powers to
intervene in the affairs of a regulated firm. The AMF and ACPR also have various disciplinary and
enforcement powers, which include powers to (i) limit or withdraw a firm’s permissions; (ii) suspend
individuals from undertaking regulated activities; and (iii) fine, censure, or impose other sanctions on firms
or individuals. The ACPR can formally investigate a firm, require firms to produce information or
documents, or require a firm to comply with additional reporting duties.
The most material regulatory requirements which apply to Marex SA, Arfinco SA and Marex AIFM
are listed below.
Risk Management, Compliance and Governance
Marex SA, Arfinco SA and Marex AIFM are required to have robust risk management, compliance
and governance processes so that they can be operated in accordance with the French regulatory
framework and with sound risk management processes.
Certain operations by Marex SA, Arfinco SA and Marex AIFM must be subject to, at a minimum,
ex-post notification to the ACPR or the AMF. In certain cases, such as changes to the firm’s capital
structure, prior approval by the ACPR or the AMF is required.
Prudential Capital and Liquidity Requirements
Marex SA is subject to prudential regulation in France. Accordingly, Marex SA is subject to
prudential supervision by the ACPR both individually, and on a consolidated basis with its parent
company, Marex European Holdings Limited. Generally, as with the U.K. Regulated Entities, Marex SA,
Arfinco SA and Marex AIFM are subject to prudential capital and liquidity requirements when their
activities fall within the scope of MiFID II.
Resolution Powers
In France, an investment firm may be subject to resolution depending on its systemic importance
and regulatory classification. Resolution rules are set forth in the French Monetary and Financial Code
and give the ACPR and its Resolution Committee a wide range of powers to deal with financial institutions
which, in general, are failing or are likely to fail. These powers include pre-insolvency stabilization powers
such as “bail in,” as well as the power to force the partial or full sale of an entity subject to resolution.
Remuneration
The AMF has incorporated the ESMA Guidelines on certain aspects of the MiFID II remuneration
requirements (ESMA-35-43-3565 issued on April 3, 2023). The ESMA Guidelines aim to provide a
common, uniform and consistent application of the MiFID II remuneration requirements and clarify the
application of the governance requirements in the area of remuneration under MiFID II.
European Union
MSEL (and MSEL’s branches in Germany and Spain), the Italian branch of Marex Financial
(pursuant to the terms of Marex Financial’s Italian license to provide services in Italy on a cross-border
basis) and the Portuguese and Italian branches of Marex SA are authorized and regulated by the CBI, the
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FCA and the AMF/ACPR, respectively, making them subject to the regulation and rules of Ireland, the
United Kingdom and France, respectively. MSEL and Marex SA also passport their services into other
EEA states (as further described below), which brings them within the scope of the regulations and rules
of those jurisdictions. The relevant E.U. regulatory requirements are listed below.
MiFID II
MiFID II governs the provision of investment services in financial instruments. It applies, among
others, to investment firms, wealth managers, broker-dealers and product manufacturers which are
authorized to carry out certain investment services and activities. It also covers trading venues, market
operators, portfolio managers as well as third-country firms providing investment services in the European
Union. MiFID II sets out requirements relating to client classification, management of conflicts of interest,
best execution, governance, client order handling, suitability and appropriateness, outsourcing and
transaction disclosures and reporting.
MSEL, Marex SA, Arfinco SA, Marex AIFM and Marex Financial are investment firms.
Authorization under MiFID II in one member state enables a firm to carry on certain investment activities
in other EEA states through passporting and without the requirement to obtain separate authorizations
there. MSEL, Marex SA, Arfinco SA and Marex AIFM currently rely on passporting rights when
undertaking cross-border activity in the European Union.
Market Abuse Regulation
E.U. MAR contains prohibitions on insider dealing, unlawful disclosure of inside information and
market manipulation, and provisions to prevent and detect these abuses. MAR requires the E.U.
Regulated Entities to monitor and identify potential market abuse and report any suspicions of market
abuse to the relevant competent authority.
Under E.U. MAR, competent authorities may (i) impose an unlimited fine on any person that
engages in market abuse, or that has encouraged or required another person to do so; (ii) publish a
statement of public censure; (iii) apply to the court for an injunction or restitution order; or (iv) impose
other administrative sanctions, such as carrying out on-site inspections and cancelling or suspending
trading in financial instruments.
The Market Abuse Directive on criminal sanctions for market abuse (Directive 2014/57/EU)
(“MAD II”) complements MAR and sets out minimum requirements for criminal penalties for market abuse.
MAD II has been transposed into national law in all E.U. countries except for Denmark.
The E.U. Listing Act package was published in the Official Journal on 14 November 2024 and
amongst other things makes amendments to E.U. MAR, representing the first substantive divergence
between E.U. MAR and U.K. MAR in a variety of areas including: (i) the buy-back safe harbour; (ii) minor
amendments to the definition of inside information; (iii) the format of certain insider lists for issuers
admitted to trading on SME growth markets; (iv) market soundings; (v) PDMR transactions; and (vi) the
public disclosure of inside information. Changes summarized in (i) to (v) were effective 4 December
2024, with changes summarized in (vi) effective 5 June 2026. Such divergence requires both us and
persons trading in our securities that are in-scope of E.U. and/or U.K. MAR to be mindful of the applicable
regime and will likely increase legal and compliance costs for monitoring and implementing for two market
abuse regimes, where formerly there was a single harmonized approach across the EU and UK.
CRD IV/CRR and IFD/IFR
The CRD IV and the Investment Firms Directive (Directive (EU) 2019/2034) and Regulation ((EU)
2019/2033) (“IFD” and “IFR”) set out the E.U. framework for the prudential regulation of investment firms.
Certain MiFID investment firms of systemic importance, particularly those with permissions relating to
underwriting or dealing as principal, are subject to the provisions of CRD IV relating to prudential and
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capital standards. The prudential consolidation provisions of IFR (principally Article 7) apply to MSEL and
Marex European Holdings Limited, parent company of Marex SA, in its capacity as an E.U. parent
financial holding company (compagnie holding d’investissement mère dans l’Union).
BRRD/SRMR
The BRRD regime, as copied in the Single Resolution Mechanism Regulation (“SRMR”) that
applies to jurisdictions within the E.U. Banking Union, gives regulators a wide range of powers to deal
with financial institutions which, in general, are failing or are likely to fail. These powers include pre-
insolvency stabilization powers such as “bail in,” as well as the power to force the partial or full sale of an
entity subject to resolution. Where appropriate and permitted under the regime, regulators may also have
powers in relation to other entities in the same group as the relevant financial institution.
AIFMD
Unless an exemption applies, AIFMD applies to all AIFMs that (i) are E.U. based, (ii) are non-E.U.
based and have E.U. domiciled AIFs, or (iii) have non-E.U. AIFs that market their units/shares within the
European Union to European investors. AIFMD prescribes various rules on the authorization, capital
requirements and conduct of business of fund managers and the marketing of funds.
Marex AIFM is authorized under AIFMD to manage Marex Fund S.A. SICAV-RAIF and to perform
certain other investment services permitted under AIFMD.
Changes to AIFMD in the EU have been adopted and came into force in April 2024; however, EU
Member States have two years after publication to transpose the rules into national law. This means the
changes will apply from 16 April 2026. The Level 2 delegated acts and technical standards supporting
AIFMD II are being finalised, with key provisions taking effect between April 2026 and October 2027,
including ESMA's revised Annex IV regulatory reporting technical standards and implementing technical
standards which are not required to be finalised until April 2027, meaning certain enhanced reporting
obligations will be phased in after the initial transposition date. These changes could increase the
compliance burdens on our AIFM and AIFs.
In December 2025, the European Commission published a Market Integration and Supervision
Package as part of its Savings and Investments Union initiative, proposing further amendments to AIFMD.
Key proposals include the introduction of a depositary passport (permitting AIFMs to appoint a depositary
located anywhere in the EU), streamlined cross-border marketing rules, and enhanced supervisory
convergence powers for ESMA over large asset management groups. If adopted, these proposals would
require transposition within 18 months of entry into force and could introduce additional compliance
requirements for our AIFM and AIFs following shortly after the implementation of AIFMD II.
Changes to the UK’s version of the AIFMD regime are underway. In April 2025, HM Treasury
published a consultation paper and the UK’s Financial Conduct Authority published a call for input on
reforms to the UK AIFMD regime, both of which closed in June 2025. This is as a result of the so-called
Edinburgh Reforms, where AIFMD in its current format in the UK will be repealed at a future, to be
determined date, and replaced with an updated UK regime. The amendments to the UK AIFMD regime
are not yet final but the FCA has previously expressed a preference to make it “more proportionate”. The
FCA intends to consult on detailed rules in the first half of 2026, with final rules expected later in 2026.
Despite not yet having full visibility on the substance or scale of any amendment to the UK AIFMD regime,
it is likely that it will result in material divergence between the UK and EU regimes, which may increase
the compliance burden on, and associated costs to, our AIFM and AIFs, particularly where they market
into the UK.
Asia
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In Singapore, MSAPL engages in broking and is regulated and licensed by the MAS to carry on
certain regulated financial business, including (i) as a local IB in respect of Marex Financial’s OTC
derivatives products, (ii) to arrange trades locally in respect of Marex Financial’s structured notes, and (iii)
as a clearing broker (with clearing membership on the Singapore Exchange). MSAPL is subject to
Singapore law and regulation when conducting its business, including the Securities and Futures Act and
Regulations, and the Financial Advisors Act and Regulations.
SEAPL engages in energy OTC broking. It operates in Singapore in reliance on an exemption
from the requirement to obtain a license from the MAS. Although SEAPL is not required to obtain a
license from the MAS, it remains subject to certain aspects of Singapore law and regulation while
conducting its business.
In Hong Kong, MHKL and MFS HK conduct regulated financial business and are regulated by the
SFC as IBs. MHKL and MFS HK are subject to Hong Kong law and regulation when conducting this
business, including the Securities and Futures Ordinance.
DIFC
In the DIFC, MML conducts regulated financial business and is regulated by the DFSA as an
authorized firm. MML must adhere to various obligations, including:
•obtaining the appropriate license from the DFSA to operate in the DIFC;
•meeting specific requirements, including maintaining adequate capital;
•observing the conduct of business rules, which cover disclosure requirements and prevention
of market abuse;
•upholding robust anti-money laundering and counter-terrorist financing measures and
effective sanctions processes;
•ensuring effective risk management and ongoing compliance with the DFSA regulations;
•submitting regular financial reports and other necessary disclosures to the DFSA; and
•following good corporate governance practices. Non-compliance can result in penalties and/
or the revocation of the authorized firm’s license.
•MML and Marex SA Dubai must also comply with applicable laws in the DIFC, including UAE
federal criminal law.
Australia
In Australia, MAPL and MF conduct regulated financial business and are regulated by ASIC as an
Australian Financial Services (“AFS”) Licensee and Foreign Company (Overseas) AFS Licensee
respectively. MAPL and MF are subject to Australian law and regulation when conducting their
businesses, including a statutory obligation to provide efficient, honest and fair financial services. MAPL’s
obligations as an Australian Financial Services Licensee include:
•the competence, knowledge and skills of MAPL’s responsible managers;
•the training and competence of MAPL’s financial advisers and authorized representatives;
•ensuring MAPL’s financial advisers and authorized representatives comply with the financial
services laws;
•compliance, managing conflicts of interest and risk management;
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•the adequacy of financial, technological and human resources; and
•base level financial and audit requirements.
Anti-money Laundering
Our U.K. and European entities are subject to statutory and regulatory requirements concerning
relationships with clients and the review and monitoring of their transactions. Regulated firms in both the
United Kingdom and in the European Union must have robust governance, effective risk procedures and
adequate internal control mechanisms to manage the exposure to financial crime risk. The measures
require the U.K. and E.U. entities to verify client identity and understand the nature and purpose of the
proposed relationship on the basis of documents, data or information obtained from a reliable and
independent source; and review and monitor their client’s transactions and activities to identify anything
suspicious.
Our U.K. and E.U. entities take a risk-based approach and senior management are responsible
for addressing these risks. There is a requirement to regularly identify and assess the exposure to
financial crime risk and report to the governing body on the same. This enables the targeting of financial
crime resources on the areas of greatest risk. Procedures in the United Kingdom and European Union are
based on guidance and requirements issued both at a national and supranational level.
The FCA and the financial supervisory authorities in the European Union require our entities to
have systems and controls in place to enable them to identify, assess, monitor and manage financial
crime risk. Accordingly, we have implemented appropriate systems and controls which are proportionate
to the nature, scale and complexity of our activities. We provide relevant training to our employees in
relation to financial crime. As required, our Money Laundering Reporting Officer, supported by regional
compliance functions with financial crime responsibilities, provides regular reports to the Audit and
Compliance Committee on the operation and effectiveness of these systems and controls, including
details of our regular assessments of the adequacy of these systems and controls to ensure their
compliance with the local regulatory requirements.
We are subject to similar anti-money laundering obligations to those described above in relation
to the United States, United Kingdom and European Union for our subsidiaries that are regulated outside
of those jurisdictions. Where such obligations exist, we put in place appropriate systems, controls and
training to ensure we operate in line with requirements.
Data Privacy
Because we handle, collect, store, receive, transmit and otherwise process certain Personal
Information of our clients and employees, we are subject to federal, state, local and international laws
related to the processing, privacy and protection of such data, including the GLBA and the CCPA in the
United States, and in Europe, the E.U. GDPR and the U.K. GDPR. Any significant changes to applicable
Privacy Requirements or regarding the manner in which we seek to comply with applicable Privacy
Requirements, could require us to make modifications to our products, services, policies, procedures,
notices and business practices, including potentially material changes. Such changes could potentially
have an adverse impact on our business. Please see Item 3D. “Risk Factors— Any actual or perceived
failure to comply with laws, regulations, and other requirements relating to data privacy, security, the
processing of Personal Information and cross-border data transfer restrictions could adversely affect our
business, including through increased costs, legal claims, fines or reputational damage” for further details.
Intellectual Property
Our key trademarks include MAREX and NEON. We seek to register our key trademarks in the
countries where we operate or intend to operate.
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We also hold a portfolio of domain name registrations including www.marex.com,
www.marexspectron.com and www.marexsolutions.com. Our websites are supported and managed by a
third-party service provider and hosted on our server.
We have proprietary rights in certain data analytics and technology systems. These include our
Neon trading and risk platform and AGILE, the commodity solutions platforms used by Marex Solutions
and Marex Financial. We also license technology and software from third parties to manage and operate
aspects of our business and use open-source software where we believe it is appropriate. Although we
believe these licenses are sufficient for the operation of our business, these licenses are typically limited
to specific uses and for limited time periods.
We sometimes engage third parties to develop processes, techniques, technology or other
intellectual property on our behalf. As a matter of general practice, our contracts with such third parties
provide for the assignment of the intellectual property in such developments to Marex or the grant of a
license to use such intellectual property in our business. Our employees and direct contractors who are
involved in the development of our intellectual property and technology are generally contractually
required both to transfer the intellectual property in such developments to us and to maintain the
confidentiality of our non-public proprietary information.
Sustainability
Sustainability is an important part of both our business strategy and our approach to risk
management.
In recent years, we have developed environmental offerings to support our clients as they
transition to a low carbon economy. We connect interested clients to environmental markets through
extensive coverage of clean energy, biofuels, recycled metals and carbon management, including
compliance and voluntary markets. We believe that the markets for these products will continue to grow
given the focus of many governments and businesses, including many of our clients, in adopting
decarbonization goals and increasing the focus on acting sustainably.
Since 2020, we have embarked on our sustainability journey. In 2025, we remain focused on our
approach to sustainability, which is underpinned by our strategy. We seek to foster work environments
where talent can thrive, as well as supporting the global green transition and reducing our own carbon
footprint.
Our strategy is presented across environmental and social initiatives, underpinned by strong
governance, policies and procedures to manage risks and opportunities. Our plans are supported by
underlying measures used to monitor progress across our environmental strategy.
Social
We have a strong culture and deeply value respect, integrity and development. Our aim is to
ensure we build a team of talented individuals and empower our team to drive our ambition for change
across the business. We track our progress in this area by measuring employee engagement using the
Peakon methodology. From 2019 to 2025, these employee engagement scores have remained stable,
even through transformational acquisitions. The UK mean gender pay gap increased to 23% in 2025,
compared to 2024’s 21%. Marex also offers a comprehensive suite of well-being services that incorporate
support for physical and mental health, including 24/7 access to counselling and emotional support.
In 2025, we launched our Women’s Affinity Network and nearly doubled our graduate intake from
2024, expanding opportunities for talent from a broad range of backgrounds. Alongside these initiatives,
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we continue to nurture our human capital by supporting the wellbeing, and growth of our people, and by
investing in the skills and development that enable long-term, sustainable success.
We actively promote awareness of our sector with the future workforce and seek to improve
perceptions of the industry by engaging with local schools. In 2025, Marex volunteers in London
supported a total of 163 students, belonging to 5 schools in the UK and representing, various
backgrounds through career coaching and a range of bespoke events, including school talks through a
charitable partnership with Future Frontiers.
Employees also contribute to charities that are meaningful to them and Marex matches these
donations through its charity matching policy. In the year ending December 31, 2025, Marex donated
$335,000 to charities.
Environmental
We have two focus areas in managing our environmental impact: playing a leading role in
environmental markets to help clients meet their sustainability goals and reducing our own environmental
footprint. We seek to be a part of the transition to a low carbon economy by using our experienced
position across the broader energy, commodities and financial markets to connect clients to voluntary and
regulated environmental markets across the globe. We do so by introducing new environmental products
and extending our geographic coverage, helping clients navigate the opportunities and risks of the
transition from both a local and global perspective. By working in both traditional and green industries and
facilitating and innovating in these markets, we believe we are well placed to work beyond market silos to
make a difference to the sustainability of energy, commodity and financial markets and support the green
transition.
In 2025, our environmental business continued to grow with revenues of $80.0m, an increase of
21% compared to 2024. This is 4% of our revenue and represents a clear opportunity for growth in the
coming years. We saw organic growth in the fast-growing renewable fuels, renewable energy and
recycled metals markets whilst we positioned ourselves for growth as carbon markets increasingly move
towards regulated mechanisms. We also continued to invest in our environmental capabilities. Marex’s
efforts to better serve clients that are interested in sustainability-linked products are demonstrated through
targeted investments that complement our existing services and product segments. In 2025, we invested
in Ruminant Biotech’s methane reduction technology. We also continued to grow our biofuels offering by
adding a new team focused on physical biodiesel.
In the U.S., our newly-established transferable tax credits team launched a proprietary
technology platform, hosted in Marex's client platform, Neon, allowing clean energy developers to list
their projects, and corporate buyers to find tax credits that suit their procurement needs.
We are focused on helping our clients and global economies achieve their decarbonization objectives. For
instance, we are involved in developing Power Purchase Agreements, Renewable Energy Certificates
and European Carbon Allowances. As a technology-enabled business, we aim to find ways to integrate
technology to help accelerate the lower carbon transition.
As well as providing connectivity to clients in the carbon markets, we are active in carbon offset
origination through our partnerships with strong organizations.
This year, we invested in Ruminant Biotech to diversify our future carbon credit offering and
support clients as they seek to achieve their sustainability goals.
We also continue to support The Global Mangrove Trust's conservation and restoration project in
North Sumatra, Indonesia. In 2025, the project increased the number of mangrove seedlings planted by
over 130,000 and expanded its social programmes. The restoration component of the project is
undergoing Gold Standard's registration process. Following the widespread floods in Indonesia, Marex
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has continued to support both immediate humanitarian needs and longer-term efforts to strengthen
community and environmental resilience.
Additionally, after announcing our investment in Key Carbon's cookstove initiative in 2024, we
have seen the project achieve the start of physical distribution in 2025.
We recognize the importance of an industry-wide shift, including by contributing to the dialogue
with trade organizations. Marex is a founding sponsor of the Oxford Program on the Sustainable Future of
Capital Intensive Industries, which is a multi-year research program at the Smith School of Enterprise and
the Environment at the University of Oxford. The program focuses on the ways that capital-intensive
industries, such as mining, oil and gas, infrastructure and construction, can better support current global
environmental challenges, including the role of commodity derivatives markets and technology in
advancing social objectives.
As we support our clients in the green transition, we recognise our responsibility to address our
own environmental footprint. Marex remains focused on improving energy efficiency across the Group
and aims to become net-zero by 2050 or earlier. As part of the transition plan, our future objective is to
drive down GHG emissions, where feasible, and offset residual emissions using carbon offsets. In the
near term, we aim to offset our Scope 1 and 2 emissions with credible and verifiable carbon credits. In
2025, 1806 tCo2e was offset. These are purchased from the 001–OxC – The Global Mangrove Trust
restoration and conservation project in North Sumatra. Marex has helped establish this project and is
working in partnership with the Global Mangrove Trust, OxCarbon and Kumi Analytics to develop a
credible, verifiable carbon sequestration methodology using remote, satellite-based verification (the
“OxCarbon Standard”). We have been using carbon credits from this project to offset Marex’s Scope 1
and 2 emissions since 2022 and will continue to do so. The Global Mangrove Trust project provides
Marex, our clients and the wider market with an inventory of high-quality carbon offsets, verified and
issued under the OxCarbon Standard.
In 2024, we enhanced our data collection and internal reporting to measure our Scope 1 and 2
intensity ratio per full time equivalent (“FTE”) on a total and UK basis. In 2025, we maintain the same
intensity ratio focus but also added visibility on our Scope 3 emissions. Assessments for reductions
across the material categories (suppliers, business travel and employee commute) are underway with
initial strategies already in motion.
Our Scope 1 emissions increased in 2025, mainly due to the acquisition of Agrinvest, where one
of the offices utilises LPG. This contributed a disproportionate amount to our 2025 values compared to the
previous year. In 2026, we will be reviewing options to address the increase due to this particular office.
Our location-based Scope 2 GHG emissions decreased in 2025. The change is due to enhanced
electricity-reduction measures in our London Bishopsgate head office, a reduction in the UK Co2
electricity factor, and subletting some of our empty spaces. The global absolute electricity consumption
(kWh) increased in 2025. However, given Marex's rapid expansion, this measure is more representative
on a per employee basis, where we saw a decrease.
Last year, we increased the completeness of our Scope 2 location-based GHG emissions, which
were used to calculate our intensity ratios to 90%. In our UK head office, we used 100% renewable
energy sources.
During 2025, the Group took steps to further develop our Scope 3 strategy and onboarded data in
specific categories. We now report internally across 7 categories. Our focus for 2026 will build on the
work conducted in 2025, both to continue to onboard data and to continue identifying which of the 15
categories of Scope 3 emissions under the Greenhouse Gas Protocol are either significant, material or
relevant to our business. We then aim to strengthen our net zero strategy against this baseline.
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We remain focused on reaching net zero by 2050 or sooner, and we have invested in
sustainability data management tools, team resources and training to allow us to create a realistic
transition plan in the years ahead.
C.Organizational Structure
The legal name of our company is Marex Group plc (the ‘Company’) which is incorporated in
England and Wales under the UK Companies Act. The Company is the parent company of a number of
subsidiaries held directly and indirectly which operate and are incorporated around the world. All of the
Company’s subsidiaries are, directly or indirectly, owned by the Company. See the Subsidiaries of the
Company included as Exhibit 8.1 to this Annual Report for a list of significant subsidiaries.
D.Property, Plant and Equipment
We lease our principal properties, which are used as office space. Our offices in London, United Kingdom
consist of approximately 75,000 square feet of space leased through 2035. We also lease some
additional shorter term swing space in the building.
Our material leases globally are listed in the table below. This includes all locations where we occupy
20,000 sq ft or more in aggregate:
Property Name Sq Ft City Occupancy Type Lease end Date
155 Bishopsgate, London EC2M 3TQ, level 2 15,188 London Leased August 11, 2028
155 Bishopsgate, London EC2M 3TQ, level 3 20,857 London Leased October 30, 2035
155 Bishopsgate, London EC2M 3TQ, level 4 16,813 London Leased October 30, 2035
155 Bishopsgate, London EC2M 3TQ, level 5 37,355 London Leased October 30, 2035
Riverbank House, 2 Swan Lane, London, EC4R 3AD 34,521 London Leased November 15, 2035
42 Rue Washington and 29 Rue de Berri, Floors 1 & 5, 1st & 4th Basement 21,701 Paris Leased January 10, 2033
222 W. Adams St, Suite 450, Chicago, Illinois 60606 21,580 Chicago Leased December 31, 2029
140 E 45th St 10th & 11th Floor, 2 Grand Central Tower, New York 10017 25,058 New York Leased July 31, 2030
EMEA
Our principal EMEA region offices are located in London and Paris as shown in the table above.
Americas
Our principal Americas offices are located in New-York and Chicago as shown in the table above. Our
presence in Brazil consists of an aggregate of approximately 20,000 square feet of leased office space.
APAC
Our principal APAC offices are located in Hong Kong, Singapore and Sydney and consist of an aggregate
of approximately 27,000 square feet of leased office space.
Other Locations
We also maintain a portfolio of additional leased spaces across the EMEA, Americas and APAC regions,
reflecting a global footprint that evolves throughout the year.
These facilities accommodate our principal executive offices. We proactively re-evaluate our office needs
and we believe that our facilities are adequate to meet our needs for the immediate future, and that,
should it be needed, suitable additional space will be available to accommodate any expansion of our
operations.
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For a breakdown of total revenues by category of activity and geographic market for each of the last three
financial years, see Note 5 to our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Annual
Report.